We point out complications inherent in biodiversity inventory metrics when applied to large-scale datasets. The number of units of inventory effort (e.g., days of inventory effort) in which a species is detected saturates, such that crucial numbers of detections of rare species approach zero. Any rare errors can then come to dominate species richness estimates, creating upward biases in estimates of species numbers. We document the problem via simulations of sampling from virtual biotas, illustrate...
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
Background Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is considered one of the most prominent causes of death from cardiovascular disease worldwide. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying AMI remains limited. Accurate biomarkers are needed to predict the risk of AMI and would be beneficial for managing the incidence rate. The gold standard for the diagnosis of AMI, the cardiac troponin T (cTnT) assay, requires serial testing, and the timing of measurement with respect to symptoms...
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
Background Non-specific ST-T segment changes are prevalent and are proven risk factors for early onset of cardiovascular diseases. They can increase all-cause mortality by 100∼200% and are candidate for early signs of cardiovascular changes. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent worldwide and is one facet of a multisystem disease that confers substantial increases morbidity and mortality of nonalcoholic fatty liver-related cardiovascular diseases. It is unclear whether...
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
Permian bolosaurid parareptiles are well-known for having complex tooth crowns and complete tooth rows in the jaws, in contrast to the comparatively simple teeth and frequent replacement gaps in all other Paleozoic amniotes. Analysis of the specialized dentition of the bolosaurid parareptiles Bolosaurus from North America and Belebey from Russia, utilizing a combination of histological and tomographic data, reveals unusual patterns of tooth development and replacement. The data confirm that bolosaurid...
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
Helicobacter pylori is one of the major stomach microbiome components, promoting development of inflammation and gastric cancer in humans. H. pylori has a unique ability to transform into a coccoidal form which is difficult to detect by many diagnostic methods, such as urease activity detection, and even histopathological examination. Here we present a comparison of three methods for H. pylori identification: histological assessment (with eosin, hematoxylin, and Giemsa staining), polymerase chain...
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
The infraorder Cephalobomorpha is a diverse and ecologically important nematode group found in almost all terrestrial environments. In a recent nematode classification system based on SSU rDNA, Cephalobomorpha was classified within the suborder Tylenchina with Panagrolaimomorpha, Tylenchomorpha and Drilonematomorpha. However, phylogenetic relationships among species within Tylenchina are not always consistent, and the phylogenetic position of Cephalobomorpha is still uncertain. In this study, in...
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
Aim To assess the longitudinal association between adolescents’ and their mothers’ dental fear. Study Design A longitudinal questionnaire survey study. Methods A randomized sample of 12-year-old adolescents were selected from local Hong Kong schools. Adolescents and their mothers self-completed the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS). The sociodemographic background of the mothers and the oral health habits of the adolescents were also collected and these measurements were repeated...
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
Abstract Rule of law is a concept that is regularly debated by legal philosophers, often in connection to discussion of the concept of law. In this article, the focus is not on the substance of the conceptual claims, but on the methodologies employed by legal philosophers, investigating seminal articles on the rule of law by Joseph Raz and Jeremy Waldron. I argue that their philosophical argumentations often crucially depend on empirical or legal doctrinal arguments. However, these...
03:00
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is an extranodal low-grade B-cell lymphoma, which is thought to arise from a background of chronic immune stimulation, bacterial, viral, or autoimmune stimuli. Treatment advances have increased the number of MALT lymphoma survivors, but there is still debate as to whether these patients are at a higher risk of developing second cancers. This is a case of a long-surviving (>20 years) patient with multiple diagnosed malignancies following MALT lymphoma....
12:05
Abstract Purpose of Review The goal of this review is to compress all important information and results of the research in reducing cat allergen exposure using air filtration. Fel d 1 is the major allergen responsible for IgE responses in 90 to 95% of patients with cat allergy. Recent Findings Reduction of cat allergen in indoor air with...
03:00
Face and neck dermatitis in the atopic dermatitis patient is a diagnostically challenging entity with broad differential diagnoses. Recent case reports reporting face and neck dermatitis in patients on dupilumab therapy have added further complexity to diagnosis and management. Herein, we discuss a broad diagnostic algorithm and practical management strategy for recalcitrant face and neck dermatitis in the atopic patient with an emphasis on face and neck dermatitis associated with dupilumab therapy....
Fri May 01, 2020 03:00
Background The impact of pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD) on families is largely hidden from view, and AD is commonly misunderstood as a minor skin condition. Few studies have examined the full burden of AD from the family perspective. Objective The aim of the study was to assess the burden of AD on children and families using a caregiver-centered survey. Methods A 72-item anonymous online survey was posted on social media sites targeted to or composed of parents of children with AD....
Fri May 01, 2020 03:00
The aim of this study was to conduct 3 literature reviews to examine the impact of atopic dermatitis (AD) and chronic hand eczema (CHE) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) compared with other chronic conditions by comparing reported utility scores of 4 commonly used generic HRQoL instruments. A systematic search was performed using PubMed, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Health Technology Assessment database, and ScHARRHUD. Inclusion criteria included, but were not limited to, patients of any...
Fri May 01, 2020 03:00
No abstract available
Fri May 01, 2020 03:00
Wine, beer, liquor, and spirits are widely consumed in many cultures across the globe, and for some individuals, ingestion, cutaneous contact, or other exposure can lead to dermatologic findings. However, there currently exist no comprehensive reviews on alcohol-related dermatitis. Herein, we will provide an overview of alcohol-related dermatitis and contact urticaria, including the epidemiology and clinical manifestations, potential allergens found in alcoholic beverages, testing approaches, and...
Fri May 01, 2020 03:00
Background Skin colonization by Staphylococcus aureus (SA) correlates with increased severity of atopic dermatitis (AD). The role of nasal SA carriage and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNSs) in AD is unclear. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the influence of colonization of lesional/nonlesional skin and the anterior nares by SA and CNSs on AD severity in 63 adult patients. Methods Disease severity was assessed with SCORAD index. The total immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration...
Fri May 01, 2020 03:00
Background Ingredients in nail care products may lead to allergic and/or irritant contact dermatitis. Objective The aims of this study were to determine frequency of contact dermatitis associated with nail care products, characterize associated body sites, and describe causative allergens. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted with the North American Contact Dermatitis Group data between 2001 and 2016. Results Of the 38,775 patients tested, 769 (2.0%) had: 1) more than...
Fri May 01, 2020 03:00
No abstract available
Fri May 01, 2020 03:00
Background Patch testing is the criterion standard for diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Objective The aim of the study was to report the trends of patch testing results with the standard series at Massachusetts General Hospital from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2016, compared with previous data from 1998 to 2006 and from 1990 to 2006 and those reported by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group. Methods Data were collected and analyzed from retrospective chart...
Fri May 01, 2020 03:00
No abstract available
Fri May 01, 2020 03:00
Background Although many generic dermatological quality-of-life (QoL) instruments exist, none have been specifically designed for patients with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). In the preceding publication—Validating a Quality-of-Life Instrument for Allergic Contact Dermatitis—we developed and validated a QoL instrument specific to the ACD population. Objective The aim of this study was to assess whether this ACD-specific QoL instrument appropriately captures change in QoL after patch testing...
Fri May 01, 2020 03:00
No abstract available
Fri May 01, 2020 03:00
Objective A higher incidence of recurrent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks has been reported with idiopathic CSF leaks. A growing number of institutions advocate for routine use of intracranial pressure‐lowering adjunct treatments after endoscopic repair. We report our results in a patient cohort in which only symptomatic patients are subjected to further testing and treatment. Study Design Retrospective review. Methods A retrospective review of patients who underwent endoscopic transnasal...
Wed May 13, 2020 18:20
Objective We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for detecting neck nodal metastasis in early oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) as an alternative to elective neck dissection. Study Design A systematic search for relevant literature was conducted in the PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. Methods Two reviewers individually searched the five databases up to November 2019. For studies that met inclusion criteria, data on patient...
Wed May 13, 2020 18:10
Objectives/Hypothesis Our study aimed to review the impact of preoperative radiotherapy (RT) and other factors on the lymph node count of neck dissection (ND) specimens from patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). A retrospective study was conducted on all patients with head and neck cancers who had undergone NDs in Singapore General Hospital between 1992 and 2013. Study Design Retrospective study. Methods Patients were categorized into two groups: patients treated with RT with or...
Wed May 13, 2020 18:00
Objectives/Hypothesis The prescribing of postoperative antibiotics for patients undergoing Mohs reconstructive surgery has increased in the last decade, while antibiotic resistance has been increasing. We hypothesized that routine prescribing of postoperative antibiotics after Mohs reconstruction does not decrease the risk of surgical site infection. Study Design Retrospective, single‐institution cohort study. Methods This study assessed patients who underwent Mohs reconstructive surgery...
Wed May 13, 2020 17:58
Objective To analyze the potential association between body muscle mass and presbylarynx. Methods Study performed on subjects referred to the otorhinolaryngology department in a tertiary center between January and September 2019 . Based on endoscopic findings of the larynx, the patients were subdivided into two main groups: presbylarynx versus no presbylarynx. Data regarding gender, body composition, self‐assessment of vocal complaints, and functional assessment were collected. Study...
Wed May 13, 2020 17:56
Wed May 13, 2020 17:56
Objectives/Hypothesis To assess long‐term results after the treatment of parotid pleomorphic adenomas (PPAs) using different surgical techniques and focusing on recurrence rates and the risk of adverse effects. Study Design Retrospective analysis. Methods Retrospective analysis of 182 patients treated exclusively for PPAs at a tertiary referral center between 2000 and 2004. Thorough follow‐up examinations over a mean period of 13 years were possible in 53.8% (n = 98/182). Tumors were...
Tue May 12, 2020 17:40
Tue May 12, 2020 17:20
Objectives/Hypothesis This study aimed to assess the association of prior cervical spondylosis (CS) with peripheral vertigo. Study Design Case–control study. Methods Data were retrieved from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database. A total of 2,570 patients who were newly diagnosed with peripheral vertigo were identified. We compared them with a 3:1 ratio of propensity score–matched patients, 7,710 comparison patients from the same dataset. We performed multivariate logistic...
Tue May 12, 2020 16:56
Objectives/Hypothesis Squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx (SCCHP) is associated with worse survival compared to other head and neck subsites. This report quantifies the impact of technological improvements in radiotherapy (RT) on outcomes over 6 decades. Methods Patients with SCCHP receiving curative‐intent treatment between 1962 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Kaplan‐Meier analyses of freedom from local recurrence (FFLR), progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival...
Tue May 12, 2020 16:32
Objectives We compared the incidence of polymorphisms activating the NLRP3 inflammasome between controls and patients with cholesteatoma and its potential association with bone erosion in patients with cholesteatoma. Methods This is a case‐control study assessing the mutation rates in genes of interest in patients with and without cholesteatoma. A total of 133 saliva samples from control (n = 65) and cholesteatoma (n = 68) patients were collected for DNA extraction. Caspase recruitment domain...
Tue May 12, 2020 16:15
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