Oxytocin facilitates the proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal stem cells in vitro

Publication date: Available online 19 January 2019

Source: Archives of Oral Biology

Author(s): Bin Ge, Hongrui Liu, Qianyu Liang, Lingling Shang, Ting Wang, Shaohua Ge

Abstract

Objective

To explore the effect of oxytocin (OT) on the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in vitro.

Design

PDLSCs were obtained by limiting dilution method. Immunofluorescence (IF), cell-counting kit-8 (CCK8), cell migration assay, Alizarin Red S staining, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) colorimetry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and western blot analysis were used to examine the effect of OT on oxytocin receptor (OTR) expression, cell proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs.

Results

Our study showed that PDLSCs expressed OTR. One hundred nanomolar OT exhibited the maximal effect on migration, while only 50 nM OT significantly promoted proliferation of PDLSCs, as well as mineralized nodule formation and calcium deposition (p < 0.05). Furthermore, 50 nM OT significantly up-regulated expression of osteogenesis-related genes—alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Collagen I (Col I), runt related transcription factor 2 (Runx 2), osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OCN)—at specific time points compared with osteogenic inductive medium (p < 0.05). In addition, western blot analysis demonstrated that 50 nM OT enhanced protein levels of ALP, Col I, and Runx 2 at day 7 and day 14 (p < 0.01), as well as activating the phosphorylation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B (AKT) pathway; notably, 50 nM OT inhibited phosphorylation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

OT promoted proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCsin vitro. Furthermore, the effect of OT on osteogenic differentiation was mediated through ERK and AKT pathway. Thus, OT may have potential for use in periodontal regeneration.

http://bit.ly/2Mpcuze

Jagged1 promotes mineralization in human bone-derived cells

Publication date: Available online 18 January 2019

Source: Archives of Oral Biology

Author(s): Thanaphum Osathanon, Jeeranan Manokawinchoke, Noppadol Sa-Ard-Iam, Rangsini Mahanonda, Prasit Pavasant, Jaijam Suwanwela

Abstract

Objectives

The present study aimed to investigate the expression of Notch signaling components during osteogenic differentiation in vitro and bone healing in vivo. In addition, the influence of Notch signaling on osteogenic differentiation of human bone-derived cells was examined.

Methods

Gene expression profiling of osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro (GSE80614) and bone healing period of murine tibial fracture in vivo (GSE99388) was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database. The expression of Notch signaling components was obtained from bioinformatic tools. Human bone-derived cells were isolated from alveolar and iliac bone. Cells were seeded on Jagged1 immobilized surface. Osteogenic marker gene expression and mineralization were examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction and alizarin red s staining, respectively.

Results

From bioinformatic analysis of gene expression profiling, various Notch signaling components were differentially expressed during osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro and bone healing period of murine tibial fracture in vivo. The common genes differentially regulated of these two datasets were Hes1, Aph1a, Nsctn, Furin, Adam17, Hey1, Pcsk5, Nedd4, Jag1, Heyl, Notch3, Dlk1, and Hey2. For an in vitro analysis, the mineral deposition markedly increased after seeding human bone-derived cells on Jagged1 immobilized surface, correspondingly with the increase of ALP mRNA expression. Jagged1 treatment downregulated TWIST2 mRNA expression in both human alveolar and iliac bone-derived cells.

Conclusion

Notch signaling is regulated during osteogenic differentiation and bone healing. In addition, the activation of Notch signaling promotes osteogenic differentiation in human alveolar and iliac bone-derived cells. Therefore, Notch signaling manipulation could be a useful approach for enhancing bone regeneration.

http://bit.ly/2sFjqyN

The effects of different packing materials on healing and hearing after trauma to middle ear mucosa, an experimental study in rats

Publication date: Available online 20 January 2019

Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology

Author(s): Baklaci Deniz, Kum Rauf Oguzhan, Ozdemir Erdem, Sahin Hasan, Yilmaz Yavuz Fuat, Ozcan Muge

http://bit.ly/2R42P1L

Frequency characteristics and speech recognition in cartilage conduction

Publication date: Available online 19 January 2019

Source: Auris Nasus Larynx

Author(s): Tadashi Nishimura, Ryosuke Miyamae, Hiroshi Hosoi, Osamu Saito, Ryota Shimokura, Toshiaki Yamanaka, Tadashi Kitahara

Abstract

Objective

Cartilage conduction (CC) is a new transduction form, and hearing devices that utilize CC present a new option for patients with aural atresia. However, in occluded ears, low-tone sounds are transmitted very effectively, resulting in excessive low-tone sound emphasis and speech recognition reduction. This study aimed to clarify low-tone speech recognition for CC in occluded ears, and determine if excessive low-tone sound emphasis decreases maximum speech recognition scores.

Methods

Eight volunteers with normal hearing participated. The performance-intensity function and maximum speech recognition scores for CC with an earplug (i.e., occluded) and air conduction (AC) were measured under high- and low-pass filter (HPF and LPF) conditions, respectively.

Results

An HPF improved the maximum speech recognition scores for CC in occluded ears. The scores for CC (occluded) under the conditions of the first- and second-order HPF did not differ from that for AC under the no-filter condition. Conversely, an LPF reduced the scores for AC. The scores and confusion matrices under the second-order LPF condition were similar to those for CC (occluded).

Conclusion

The conditions under the second-order LPF resembled those of CC in occluded ears. An HPF can compensate excessive low-tone emphasis and improve speech recognition.

http://bit.ly/2W8sx8G

Laryngopharyngeal reflux concept: what is known and what should we focus on?

Publication date: Available online 19 January 2019

Source: Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

Author(s): Seher Sirin, Ferhan Öz

http://bit.ly/2CuJjpH

How far can regulating TRIM16 help reduce malignant transformation of OPMD’s to OSCC?

Publication date: Available online 18 January 2019

Source: Oral Oncology

Author(s): Samapika Routray

http://bit.ly/2R13r84

Beta human papillomaviruses in middle ear squamous cell carcinoma

Publication date: Available online 18 January 2019

Source: Oral Oncology

Author(s): Francesca Paolini, Claudia Bonomo, Irene Terrenato, Annarita Pennetti, Renato Covello, Giovanni Cristalli, Aldo Venuti

http://bit.ly/2W8miSi

National Impact of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Ambulatory Care Visits for Otitis Media in Children under 5 Years in the United States

Publication date: Available online 19 January 2019

Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

Author(s): Xiaofeng Zhou, Cynthia de Luise, Michael Gaffney, Catharine W. Burt, Daniel A. Scott, Nicolle Gatto, Kimberly J. Center

Abstract

Objective

The 7- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV7 and PCV13) were approved in the US in 2000 and 2010, respectively, for active immunization against invasive disease caused by all vaccine serotypes and otitis media (OM) caused by 7 serotypes common to both vaccines, starting at ∼6 weeks of age. This study assessed the impact of PCV13 on OM by evaluating changes in US ambulatory care visit rates between the period before PCV7 (1997-1999), during PCV7 (2001–2009), and after the introduction of PCV13 (2011-2013) among US children <5 years old.

Methods

This ecological study used US National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data. Trend analyses using weighted least-squares regression and mean visit rates were calculated for OM and two control endpoints not likely to be related to either vaccine (skin rash and trauma).

Results

Among children <5 and <2 years old, the observed reduction in OM visit rates was 22% (95%CI: 12%-32%) and 24% (95%CI: 13%-35%) when comparing PCV13 to PCV7 periods, and 41% (95%CI: 30%-52%) and 48% (95%CI: 37%-59%) when comparing PCV13 to pre-PCV7 periods. Visit rates for skin rash and trauma remained stable.

Conclusion

Significant reductions in US ambulatory care visit rates for OM were observed among children aged <5 years after introduction of PCV13 compared to the periods before and during PCV7; reductions were greatest among children <2 years old. The reductions beyond the PCV7 period support the effectiveness of the vaccine's 6 additional serotypes in preventing OM.

http://bit.ly/2FKRlhr

Effectiveness and Safety of Chinese Herbal Medicine for Pediatric Adenoid Hypertrophy: a meta-analysis

Publication date: Available online 19 January 2019

Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

Author(s): Ya-Lei Sun, Hai-Tao Zheng, Jia-Lei Tao, Ming-Chen Jiang, Chan-Chan Hu, Xin-Min Li, Bin Yuan

Abstract

Objective

Chinese herbal medicine has been gradually used to treat pediatric adenoid hypertrophy. This meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of pediatric adenoid hypertrophy.

Methods

Randomized controlled trials involving Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of pediatric adenoid hypertrophy were identified from Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Database, Wanfang Database and VIP Information Database. The methodological quality of trials was evaluated with Cochrane Handbook criteria, and the Cochrane Collaboration's Review Manager 5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis.

Results

A total of 13 valid articles involving 1038 patients were included.The meta-analysis showed that: Compared with western medicine treatment, Chinese herbal medicine significantly improved clinical efficacy (RR=1.33, 95% CI [1.24,1.43]), and significantly decreased A/N ratio (MD=-0.04,95%CI[-0.05,-0.03]). Chinese herbal medicine also prominently improved the quality of life (MD=-4.77,95%CI[-8.35,-1.20]). Meanwhile, it dramatically improved snoring (MD=-0.46,95%CI[-0.62,-0.30]); mouth breathing (MD=-0.52,95%CI[-0.66,-0.39]); nasal obstruction (MD= -0.56,95%CI[-0.68,-0.45]).

Conclusion

Chinese herbal medicine has good clinical efficacy and safety on pediatric adenoid hypertrophy, which need to be confirmed by high quality, multiple-center, large sample randomized controlled trials.

http://bit.ly/2FBVC7N

Teaching Ear Examination Skill to Undergraduate Students Using Check List

Abstract

For examination of ear, proper illumination is a pre requisite. Diseases related to ear may lead to altered sense of hearing and may affect normal balance system. If students are taught to examine ear using a check list, they may perform better. To teach ear examination to undergraduate students using a check list. Total 50 undergraduate students of M.B.B.S. attending E.N.T. clinic in Chirayu Medical College and Hospital were included in the study. They were given enrolment no. 1 to 50 and were divided into two groups. Group 1, enroll. no. 1 to 25 and group 2, enroll. no. 26 to 50. Group 1 was taught using check list and the Group 2 was taught without use of checklist. Both the groups were evaluated using check list. The group B students were again taught, using check list and were again evaluated using check list. Use of check list showed that there was statistically significant improvement in learning by students using check list in group 1 students compared to group 2 students who were taught without use of check list. The group 2 students also had improvement on evaluation, after they were taught using check list. Study suggests that use of check list for ear examination skill to undergraduate students has significant role and students learn better than when taught without use of checklist. Inclusion of checklist for teaching ear examination to undergraduate students may be considered.

http://bit.ly/2FLzHKp

Early Intratympanic Methylprednisolone in Sudden SNHL: A Frequency-wise Analysis

Abstract

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is a dire medical emergency which must be treated at the earliest to get better long term hearing results. Our study aims to determine the efficacy of intratympanic steroid (Methylprednisolone) on auditory outcomes in patients of sudden sensorineural hearing loss and study the relation between time of onset of hearing loss to start of therapy and frequency-wise recovery of hearing loss. A prospective cohort clinical study with 33 patients with sudden hearing loss of 30 dB or more were treated with the intratympanic injection of methylprednisolone and the effect of the drug was observed. In this study, 33 patients with sudden onset (unilateral or bilateral) of hearing loss were treated with intratympanic methylprednisolone. The duration at which the drug was administered and the age of the participants was taken into consideration. Main outcome measures included audiometry results at low, medium and high hearing loss frequencies. The specific frequency at which the hearing improvement took place was tabulated. It was observed that hearing improved significantly if the steroid is injected within the first 4 days of onset (p < 0.05) at all the frequencies. A gain of 15 dB or more was achieved in more than 78% patients after injecting methylprednisolone intratympanically. A statistically significant association was found between recovery rate and frequency of hearing loss with patients showing greater improvement at low hearing loss frequency in comparison to mid and high frequencies (p < 0.05). The drug efficacy does not change with the age of the patient.

http://bit.ly/2RVKxnH

ΒΟΗΘΗΜΑΤΑ ΑΚΟΗΣ,ΑΚΟΥΣΤΙΚΑ ΒΑΡΗΚΟΙΑΣ,ΕΝΙΣΧΥΤΕΣ ΑΚΟΗΣ

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Ενδοκαναλικά
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Καθαρή και διαυγή μετάδοση της φωνής των συνομιλούντων
Έξυπνη φραγή των θορύβων

Άριστη ποιοτική ενίσχυση και απόδοση του ήχου,εύκολα στη χρήση,άνετα στην εφαρμογή,όμορφα για καλύτερη αισθητική όσο αφορά το μέγεθος και την εξωτερική εμφάνιση,χωρίς καμμία ιδιαίτερη συντήρηση.

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