Treatment of penile actinomycosis

Dermatologic Therapy, EarlyView.

The clinical, biochemical, and ultrasonographic characteristics of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa in Northern Peninsular Malaysia: a multicenter study

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.

Mammalian meat allergy

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.

Lues maligna in an immunocompetent female

Swetalina Pradhan, Chandra S Sirka, Maitreyee Panda, Manas Baisakh

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):344-346

“Hair building” fibers through the dermoscope

Feroze Kaliyadan, Kaberi Feroze

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):362-363

A study of cutaneous adverse drug reactions in a tertiary care center in Punjab

Niharika Jha, Emy Alexander, Bimal Kanish, Dinesh K Badyal

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):299-303

Context: Cutaneous adverse drug eruptions are the most common adverse reactions attributed to drugs in which any type of skin reaction can be mimicked, induced, or aggravated. Aims: To study the pattern of various types of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs), to find out the causative drug(s) involved and to determine the response to treatment and outcome in patients with CADRs. Patients and Methods: This prospective study was done in the department of dermatology. Patients with suspected drug rash, of either sex and all age groups were included in the study. Statistical Analysis: Frequencies and proportions were calculated using Chi-square test and t-test as the tests of significance. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: A total of 258 patients were enrolled in the study. The most common CADR observed in the study was exanthematous drug eruption in 42.63% patients followed by drug induced urticaria in 21.32% patients. Antimicrobials were the most common offending drugs in 64.73% of patients, followed by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in 15.50% patients. In the study, 12 patients (4.65%) were found to have severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCADRs). Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) - Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) was the most common SCADR (50%) and antituberculous drugs were the most common causative group of drugs causing SCADRs. Conclusion: The most common CADR observed in the study was exanthematous drug eruption and antimicrobials were the most common causative drugs.

Giant shagreen patch in tuberous sclerosis complex

V Kuntoji, PV Bhagwat, C Kudligi

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):353-355

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with lichen planus: A cross-sectional study from a tertiary care center

Hashim Hashba, Joy Bifi, Anoop Thyvalappil, Rajiv Sridharan, Ajayakumar Sreenivasan, Pretty Mathew

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):304-308

Background: There have been reports of association between lichen planus (LP) and metabolic syndrome and its various parameters. Aims and Objectives: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with LP and to determine the association between the morphologic types of LP and metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted over a period of 1 year, 70 clinically diagnosed patients with LP were included and evaluated for metabolic syndrome based on the modified National Cholesterol Education Program: Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 17 software, and inferential statistical tools such as t-test for continuous data and Chi-square test for categorical data were used. Results: A 35.7% prevalence of metabolic syndrome was found in patients with LP. The average duration of LP was found to be higher in patients with metabolic syndrome. There was a higher prevalence of central obesity, increased fasting blood sugar, and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterolin patients with LP. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome was seen in 25 patients (35.7%) with LP. It is important to advise our patients to adopt healthy lifestyle choices to help prevent comorbidities and improve the general health of population. As this study was a cross-sectional study, the directionality of the association between LP and metabolic syndrome could not be assessed. Lack of controls and a small sample size are other limitations of our study.

Prevalence and association of dermatological manifestations with fanconi anemia: A retrospective study

Pallavi Shukla, Seema Korgaonkar, Lily Kerketta, Babu R Vundinti

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):341-342

Impact of palmoplantar dermatoses on quality of life

Rochit Singhal, Nilofar G Diwan, Pragya A Nair

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):309-313

Background: Palmoplantar dermatoses are commonly found in dermatological practice. Quality of life (QOL) is severely impaired if these areas are affected. Early and appropriate management of palmoplantar dermatoses help in improving patient's QOL. Aim: To assess the impact of palmoplantar dermatoses on QOL. Materials and Methods: Patients with palmoplantar dermatoses with or without other body part involvement were enrolled in the study. QOL was assessed by Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire for >16 years of age and by Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) questionnaire for 5–16 years of age. Results: Two hundred and two patients participated, of which 108 (53.46%) were males and 94 (46.53%) were females. The commonest age group affected was 17–40 years (42.57%). Housewives 61 (30.2%) and laborers 53 (26.2%) were most common occupational group affected. The mean DLQI and CDLQI scores were 7.68 and 7.46, respectively. Fifty-seven (28.21%) patients had palmoplantar psoriasis (PPP), 35 (17.32%) had palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK), and 26 (12.87%) had hand eczema (HE) with mean DLQI scores 8.60, 8.53, 8.60, and CDLQI scores 8.40, 8.28, and 8.26, respectively. In both DLQI and CDLQI, questions on symptoms and feelings scored maximum. Gender, age, occupation, duration, progress, and type of dermatosis did not show statistically significant association with DLQI. However, chronic recalcitrant dermatoses such as PPP, PPK, and HE showed significant impairment in QOL in relation to occupation and duration of disease. Limitation: Severity of various palmoplantar dermatoses was not graded and therefore relation between severity of various dermatoses and QOL was not established. Conclusion: Majority of patients with palmoplantar dermatoses especially those having chronic course had significant impairment in their QOL.

A rare case of neurofibromatosis type i with coexistent wilson disease

Tulika Rai, Vijay Kumar, Najuma Subba

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):348-350

Coexistence of fungal infections in psoriatic nails and their correlation with severity of nail psoriasis

Suteeraporn Chaowattanapanit, Penvadee Pattanaprichakul, Charussri Leeyaphan, Onjuta Chaiwanon, Panitta Sitthinamsuwan, Waritch Kobwanthanakun, Suchanan Hanamornroongruang, Sumanas Bunyaratavej

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):314-317

Background: Nail involvement in psoriasis is often complicated by concomitant fungal infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of fungal infections in nail psoriasis and correlate it with the severity of nail psoriasis. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included patients with nail psoriasis aged ≥18 years with at least one fingernail and one toenail involvement who were treated at Siriraj Hospital from September 2012 to January 2014. Severity of nail psoriasis was assesed by Nail Psoriasis Area Severity Index (NAPSI) score. The nail clippings from the the least and most severely involved psoriatic fingernails and toenails were cultured to determine the presence of coexisting fungal infections and isolate the fungal species. Results: Sixty-two patients (33 males, 29 females) fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The mean age at the time of presentation was 51.3 years mention SD. The most common nail change consistent with psoriasis was onycholysis, followed by subungual hyperkeratosis. The most commonly isolated fungi in the most severely affected fingernails were Candida spp. (41.9%) manifesting as paronychia in 5 patients (19.2%). The most commonly isolated fungi in the most severely affected toenails were nondermatophytes (NDMs) other than candida (32.3%). Dermatophytes were not detected from any of the psoriatic nails. The fungal species isolated from the most severely affected fingernails were significantly different than the isolated fungal species in the most severely affected toenails (P = 0.026). Fungal organisms were identified in 32.3% of the most severely affected fingernails and in 27.4% of the most severely affected toenails. The overall rate of isolation of fungus was significantly significantly higher in severely affected nails than in the least affected nails (P < 0.005). Conclusion: A high rate of concomitant fungal infections, especially yeasts and NDMs, was found in psoriatic nail patients. The rate of isolation of fungal species was higher in severely involved psoriatic nails than mildly involved ones. The spectrum of fungal species isolated from the the severely involved toenails and fingernails were also different from each other. These organisms may be true pathogens that cause onychomycosis or their presence may reflect colonization, contamination, or concurrent infection.

Cutaneous larva migrans in an infant

Farzana Ansari, Lalit K Gupta, Ashok K Khare, Manisha Balai, Asit Mittal, Sharad Mehta

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):359-359

The prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity in patients with prurigo nodularis

Lovee Dhawan, Shubh M Singh, A Avasthi, M Sendhil Kumaran, Tarun Narang

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):318-321

Background: Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic, recalcitrant itchy dermatosis. It is supposed to be associated with psychological factors, but research in this area is scarce. Objectives: To study the prevalence and determinants of psychiatric morbidity, and the phenomenology of itch in PN. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in the outpatient service of the Department of Dermatology. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 50 patients each with PN, chronic urticaria (CU), and vitiligo (V). A one-time cross-sectional assessment was carried out on the participants. Psychiatric morbidity was assessed using Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Results: The three groups were comparable on socio-demographic parameters. The prevalence of any psychiatric disorder (current or lifetime) was 48%, 42%, and 58% in the PN, CU, and V groups, respectively (P = 0.27). Limitations: The limitations of this study include the small sample size and the purposive, non-blind nature of assessments. Conclusion: Our study suggests that there is significant psychiatric morbidity in PN which is comparable to that seen in CU and V.

Systemic drug-induced chronic paronychia and periungual pyogenic granuloma

Uwe Wollina

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):293-298

Paronychia is a painful inflammatory disorder of the nail fold. Periungual pyogenic granuloma – a benign vascular tumor of the capillaries – can develop as a complication of paronychia. We report both, paronychia and periungual pyogenic granuloma, as possible adverse events during systemic drug-therapy. The following groups of systemic drugs have been considered: taxanes, epidermal growth factor-receptor (EGFR) inhibitors, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, inhibitors of MEK/ERK, BRAF inhibitors, CD20 antagonists, vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors, and retinoids. Recommendations for prevention and treatment are given. Since paronychia is a painful inflammatory disorder that has a negative impact on daily activities, early recognition and adequate treatment improve adhesion to treatment and quality of life.

Innovative use of felt-tip pen applicator for uniform spread of linkage fluid during dermatoscopy

Deepak Jakhar, Chander Grover

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):322-323

Dermoscopic features of cutaneous collagenous vasculopathy: A report of rare disorder

Daksha Vasava, Hita Mehta

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):342-344

Caruncular oncocytoma: Report of two cases with review of literature

Suvradeep Mitra, Khushboo Lath, Ramanuj Samanta, Uma N Saikia

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):324-327

Caruncular lesions are uncommon and could be related to hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and accessory lacrimal gland harbored in caruncle. As the lesions of caruncle are diverse, the clinical diagnosis is difficult. Majority of the caruncular lesions are benign although rare malignant lesions have also been reported. Caruncular oncocytoma (CO) is a rare ocular neoplasm with an incidence of <3%, as per the Western literature. However, only two cases of ocular oncocytoma are reported in the Indian literature. Here, we report two more cases of CO from India with their histochemical and ultrastructural characteristics.

Tubular apocrine adenoma on vulva: An unusual location

Sarina Jain, Kausar Valiulla, Atul M Dongre, Balasaheb V Malkar

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):346-348

Methotrexate cutaneous toxicity following a single dose of 10 mg in a case of chronic plaque psoriasis: A possible idiosyncratic reaction

Aastha Gupta, Kabir Sardana, Minakshi Bhardwaj, Ajeet Singh

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):328-330

Low-dose methotrexate is a well-tolerated and inexpensive systemic immunosuppressive agent used commonly in dermatology. However, several adverse events such as pancytopenia, pneumonitis, mucositis, and cutaneous ulcerations may develop during acute toxicity with dose-dependent or idiosyncratic mechanisms. Risk factors for methotrexate toxicity include advanced age, hypoalbuminemia, renal dysfunction, and concomitant drugs increasing the level of methotrexate in the body. We present a case of methotrexate toxicity presenting with classical features along with mucocutaneous side-effects, such as ulceration of psoriatic plaques and acral erythema, following a single dose of methotrexate.

Unilateral facial telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstansmimicking as rosacea

Preema Sinha, Anwita Sinha, Deep K Raman, Aradhana Sood

Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018 9(5):351-353

The mTOR-inhibitor Sirolimus decreases the cyclosporine-induced expression of the oncogene ATF3 in human keratinocytes

Cutaneous Squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is after basal cell carcinoma the second most common non-melanoma skin cancer and accounts for 20% of all cutaneous malignancies [1]. Particularly effected are organ transplant recipients (OTRs) with a 65 to 250 higher risk than the general population due to their immunosuppression as major risk factor [2]. Moreover, cSCC in OTRs are often quite aggressive with high recurrence rates, metastasis and death [3]. The most widely used agents to prevent graft rejection in solid OTRs are calcineurin-inhibitors in combination with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and corticosteroids as the standard triple therapy especially after renal transplantation.

sOPTIMISING EXPOSURE OF THE CORONOID PROCESS DURING LENGTHENING TEMPORALIS MYOPLASTY FOR FACIAL REANIMATION

Dear Sir,

Sweaty feet in adolescents—Early use of botulinum type A toxin in juvenile plantar hyperhidrosis

Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy: A rare pediatric head and neck lesion

Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.

Long-term follow-up of a community sample of adolescents with frequent headaches

Several outcome studies have reported on the short- and long-term effects of migraine in selected clinical samples of children and adolescents. However, current knowledge of the course, incidence, and outcome ...

Congenital Syphilis—Still a Shadow on the Land

The US Surgeon General, Thomas Parran, chose an ominous phrase—Shadow on the Land—as the title of his best-selling book about syphilis, published in 1937. It was not without reason. At the time, according to Parran, nearly 700 000 Americans were being treated for syphilis, constituting only a fraction of the approximately 1.7 million that he estimated needed treatment. At least 500 000 new infections occurred in the United States each year, Parran stated, including 60 000 cases of congenital syphilis. Cardiovascular syphilis claimed 40 000 lives each year. The arsenic-containing compound salvarsan, supplemented with mercury or bismuth, was the most effective treatment. Syphilis, Parran wrote, was "the most urgent public health problem in this country today."^(p52)

Plankton community assessment in anthropogenic-impacted oligotrophic coastal regions

Abstract

Microbial planktonic communities are critical components of marine biogeochemical pathways. Despite this, there is still limited knowledge on the dynamics of this group in warm and oligotrophic waters. We used high-throughput sequencing to characterise the bacterial (16S rRNA) and eukaryotic (18S rRNA) microbial plankton communities in two regions under the influence of anthropogenic impacts (a port and sewage outflow) and a coastal region with no direct anthropogenic disturbances in the central Red Sea. Overall, bacterial and eukaryotic components responded in a similar way to the environmental conditions. Community composition and structure were more sensitive than alpha diversity measures to environmental impacts. With the exception of eukaryotes, for which the number of OTU differed significantly between sampling periods in all the regions, environmental changes associated with anthropogenic pressures seem to be better reflected by variations in the relative dominance of microbial groups. For example, elevated proportional abundances of nitrifying and sewage-/faecal-related bacteria at the impacted sites were observed compared with the coastal region. The recently developed microgAMBI also appeared to correlate well with the level of anthropogenic impact the regions experienced, showing the potential to be applied in oligotrophic waters.

Nitrate leaching from open-field and greenhouse vegetable systems in China: a meta-analysis

Abstract

The potential for nitrate leaching in Chinese vegetable systems is substantial because of high inputs of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and water. To quantify the nitrate leaching and identify the key controlling factors in Chinese vegetable systems, we conducted a meta-analysis that included 221 data sets from 18 field studies. The results revealed that nitrate leaching over the entire crop growing season in Chinese vegetable systems was very high and averaged 79.1 kg N ha⁻¹ and primarily resulted from extremely high N fertilizer inputs (in average 423 kg N ha⁻¹). Nitrate leaching was, on the average, 63.9% greater in the greenhouse systems (98.0 kg N ha⁻¹) than in open-field systems (59.8 kg N ha⁻¹). The leaching factor, defined as the proportion of the quantity of N applied to soils that was lost due to nitrate leaching, averaged 14.6% overall and was significantly lower in greenhouse systems (10.9%) than in open-field systems (18.4%). This difference appears to be due to lower of the total water inputs (irrigation + precipitation) in greenhouse systems. Nitrate leaching increased with water input, the number of growing days, and the N rate. The nitrate leaching response to increasing N rate was linear. The leaching factor significantly increased with water input but was not affected by the N rate or the number of growing days. Compared with application of synthetic fertilizer alone, the application of manure alone or manure plus synthetic fertilizer significantly reduced both the nitrate leaching and the leaching factor in open-field and greenhouse systems. These results suggest that nitrate leaching in Chinese vegetable systems can be reduced by optimizing rates of N and water supply to synchronize crop needs. Application of mixed synthetic N fertilizer and manure is more effective in reducing nitrate leaching, compared to synthetic N only.

Influence of earthworms on the nitrogen transfer of sewage sludge in the vermifilter process

Abstract

A 6-year laboratory study was conducted to explore the performance of the vermifilter (VF) on reducing sewage sludge. Sewage sludge was found to be reduced significantly in the VF and exhibited a better performance of sludge reduction as compared with the conventional biofilter (BF), which could be traced through the nitrogen-rich organic matter. The nitrogen stable isotope technology was applied to study the matter flow of sewage sludge in the VF process and the influence of earthworms Eisenia fetida on sewage sludge reduction. Results showed that (1) the protein material could be consumed more than the polysaccharide and lipid materials, respectively, in the VF; (2) the presence of earthworms could enhance the consumption capacity of the VF on the protein-rich material of the sewage sludge; (3) earthworms played a leading role on the nitrogen lifting of the sewage sludge, leading to the performance difference of the effluent sludge or biofilm sludge between the VF and BF; (4) in the VF, nitrogen-isotope accumulation in either biofilms or earthworms happened more significantly in the lower layer than in the upper one, while nitrogen transfer of sewage sludge happened more significantly in the upper layer than in the lower one; (5) earthworms improved the feeding environment of organisms (microorganisms in biofilms, moth fly larvae, Limacidaes, and Lymnaeidaes); (6) biofilms, Limacidaes, and moth fly larvae performed better than leeches, Lymnaeidaes, and moth fly adults at nitrogen transfer of sewage sludge.

Molecular variability and genetic structure of White spot syndrome virus strains from northwest Mexico based on the analysis of genomes

Abstract

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) has a ∼300 kb double-stranded DNA genome. It originated in China, spread rapidly through shrimp farms in Asia, and subsequently to America. This study determined complete genome sequences for nine historic WSSV strains isolated from Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) captured in farm ponds in northwest Mexico (Sinaloa and Nayarit). Genomic DNA was captured by an amplification method using overlapping long-range PCR and sequencing by Ion Torrent-PGM. Complete genome sequences were assembled (length range 255–290 kb) and comparative genome analysis with WSSV strains revealed substantial deletions (3 and 10 kb in two regions) in seven strains, with two strains differing from the rest. Phylogenetic analysis identified that the WSSV strains from the northern area of the state of Sinaloa clustered with strains from China (LC1, LC10, DVI) and Korea (ACF2, ACF4), while those from the southern region of the state of Nayarit (AC1 and JP) differed from both of those and from strains found in Taiwan and Thailand. Our data offer insights into the diversity of the WSSV genome in one country and their divergent origin, suggest that it entered Mexico via multiple routes and that specific genome regions can accommodate substantial deletions without compromising viability.

Tracing sediment sources in a mountainous forest catchment under road construction in northern Iran: comparison of Bayesian and frequentist approaches

Abstract

Development and land use change lead to accelerated soil erosion as a serious environmental problem in river catchments in Iran. Reliable information about the sources of sediment in catchments is therefore necessary to design effective control strategies. This study used a composite sediment source tracing procedure to determine the importance of forest road cuttings as a sediment source in a mountainous catchment located in northern Iran. A fallout radionuclide (¹³⁷Cs) and 12 geochemical tracers (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, OC, Pb, Sr and TN) were used to determine the relative contributions of three sediment source types (hillslopes, road cuttings and channel banks) to both suspended and bed sediment samples. Two mixing models based on different mathematical concepts were used to apportion the sediment sources: the mixture sampling importance resampling Bayesian model which incorporates the mass-balance matrix and a distribution model using normal and summed probability of normal distributions. The results of both mixing models indicated that sub-soil erosion from road cuttings and channel banks dominated the sources of river bed and suspended sediment samples, respectively. These results therefore highlight that conservation that works in the study area to remedy the sediment problem should initially focus on stabilisation and rehabilitation of road cuttings and channel banks. This successful application of a composite (radionuclide and geochemical) tracing technique for discriminating source end members characterised by different erosion processes underscores the importance of sub-soil erosion in this case study.

Behandlung des nichtkleinzelligen Lungenkarzinoms

Zusammenfassung

Die stadienabhängige Behandlung des nichtkleinzelligen Lungenkarzinoms unterliegt Veränderungen. In den frühen Stadien ist die Resektion, gefolgt von einer adjuvanten Chemotherapie bei Lymphknotenbefall oder großem Tumor, der Standard. Das Stadium III ist eine Domäne der Chemoradiotherapie, in Zukunft gefolgt von einer Konsolidierungstherapie mit einem Checkpointinhibitor. Unter gewissen Umständen hat in diesem Stadium auch die Resektion einen Stellenwert. Die größten Veränderungen sind bei metastasierter Erkrankung zu erwarten. Neue Medikamente und Kombinationen gegen Tumoren mit Treibermutationen sowie die Kombinationen von Chemo- und Immuntherapie werden die Behandlung grundlegend verändern.

Preventive treatment with dizocilpine attenuates oedema in a carrageenan model of inflammation: the interaction of glutamatergic and nitrergic signaling

Abstract

Dizocilpine is a highly selective and potent non-competitive antagonist of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor. It is well known that dizocilpine has different neuroprotective effects in animal models of pain, epilepsy and oedema during trauma. The search for alternative antiinflammatory drugs is ongoing. We investigated the anti-oedematous effects of dizocilpine and the probable mechanism of action in a rat model that mimics local and persistent inflammation without tissue injury or damage. Male Wistar rats were injected with 100 μL of 0.5% carrageenan to the plantar surface of the hind paw. Anti-oedematous activity was assessed in the carrageenan-induced paw inflammatory oedema test with a plethysmometer. To assess possible mechanisms of dizocilpine action, we examined the effects of the selective inhibitor of neuronal [N-ω-propyl-l-arginine hydrochloride (L-NPA)] and inducible [S-methylisothiourea (SMT)] nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Dizocilpine after systemic (0.0005, 0.005 and 0.02 mg/kg, subcutaneous (s.c.)), but not after local peripheral administration, reduced the paw inflammatory oedema. The effect is not dose dependent, and the highest decrease by about 47% at the time of maximally developed oedema was achieved with 0.005 mg/kg. Intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered L-NPA (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg) or SMT (0.005, 0.01 and 0.015 mg/kg) before dizocilpine abolished or reduced the anti-oedematous effect of dizocilpine by about 70–85%. An acute single dose of dizocilpine administered before inducing oedema systemically reduced the development of inflammatory oedema. The mechanism of the anti-oedematous effect includes, at least partially, an increase in nitric oxide (NO) production.

Ranking skin‐sensitizing hair dye molecules according to their potency by the use of human cells

Contact Dermatitis, EarlyView.

Dietary soyasaponin attenuates 2,4‐dinitrofluorobenzene‐induced contact hypersensitivity via gut microbiota in mice

Clinical &Experimental Immunology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

Immunohistochemistry of p16 in nevi of pregnancy and nevoid melanomas

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

Influence of Relative Humidity on Electrodermal Levels and Responses

Background/Aim: Electrodermal activity (EDA) is a widely used measure in psychophysiological research, and its use in wearable devices has grown in recent times. It is recommended to have proper conditions for EDA measurement, and skin hydration is one factor that has a significant influence. It is, however, not known to what extent the ambient humidity influences the recording. This study explored the influence of relative humidity (RH) on EDA levels, and also the responses using a new technique for simultaneous recording of all measures of EDA: skin conductance (SC), skin susceptance (SS), and skin potential (SP) at the same skin site. Methods: A total of 10 healthy subjects were exposed to environments of low and high RH while EDA measures were recorded, including cognitive, visual and breathing stimuli for evoking electrodermal responses of different origin. EDA levels and responses were compared between the two humidity levels for all stimuli and all EDA measures. Results: It was found that EDA levels, in particular for SC and SS, were significantly increased during high humidity exposure, but that the change in EDA responses (SC, SS, and SP) was not statistically significant (p #x3e; 0.05, paired t test). Conclusion: This suggests that ambient humidity influences the recording of EDA levels and is important to consider when these parameters are used, but is not important in the recording or analysis of EDA responses.
Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2018;31:298–307

Successful treatment with diclofenac sodium 1% gel of a case of suspected Darier disease

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.

Determinants of pollution and the role of the military sector: evidence from a maximum likelihood approach with two structural breaks in the USA

Abstract

We investigate the role of military expenditure on emission in USA during the period 1960–2015. To achieve the objectives of this study, two measures of military expenditure are utilised, while several timeseries models are constructed with the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, population, energy consumption per capita, non-renewable energy consumption per capita, renewable energy consumption per capita, urbanisation, trade openness and financial development serving as additional determinants of air pollution. We also use ecological indicator as an alternative measure of pollution. Moreover, different timeseries methods are utilised including a likelihood-based approach with two structural breaks. The output of this research concluded that all the variables are cointegrated. It is found that military expenditure has mixed impact on CO₂ emissions. Real GDP per capita, energy consumption per capita, non-renewable energy consumption per capita, population and urbanisation increase CO₂ emissions per capita in the long-run, while renewable energy consumption, financial development and trade openness reduce it. There is also evidence for the mixed role of military expenditure, when ecological footprint is utilised as the environmental degradation index. From the output of this research, few policy recommendations are offered for the examined country.

Adsorption of cadmium, nickel and lead ions: equilibrium, kinetic and selectivity studies on modified clinoptilolites from the USA and RSA

Abstract

The performance of modified clinoptilolites (zeolites) from two different sources (South Africa and the USA) for the adsorption of Ni²⁺, Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ from synthetic industrial effluent contaminated with metal concentration levels at 50, 150 and 500 ppm was evaluated. The selectivity of the clinoptilolite for the adsorption of Ni²⁺, Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ was investigated with mixed feed solutions containing all three ions in equal concentrations and single-component concentrations containing only one of the ions. The homoionic forms of the clinoptilolite were made of Na⁺, K⁺ and Ca²⁺. Batch experiments were then conducted to measure the uptake of metals by the zeolites. The zeolites were characterised using SEM, XRD and BET. The South African clinoptilolite showed a higher surface area and pore volume (17.52m²/g and 0.047cm³/g respectively) than the USA zeolite (12.26m²/g and 0.028cm³/g respectively) for the Na⁺ homoionic form. According to the equilibrium studies, the selectivity sequence was found to be Pb²⁺ > Cd²⁺ > Ni²⁺, with good fits being obtained using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms for low metal concentrations. Examples of equilibrium adsorption capacities for RSA and USA clinoptilolite modified with Na⁺ for Pb were 26.94 mg/g and 27.06 mg/g when RSA-Na⁺ and USA-Na⁺ were used respectively. The adsorption was found to depend on the homoionic form of the zeolite and to a lesser extent the source of the zeolite. The selectivity of a particular zeolite for a particular heavy metal can be altered by the homoionic form of the zeolite. Overall, the adsorption capacity of the USA clinoptilolite was higher than the adsorption capacity of the SA clinoptilolite, revealing the potential of clinoptilolite in metal-polluted industrial effluent treatment.

Expression of hormone receptors, adipophilin, and GCDFP‐15 in mucinous carcinoma of the skin

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.