Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis: 10/28/18

Κυριακή 28 Οκτωβρίου 2018

Pathological Features and Clinical Course in Patients With Recurrent or Malignant Orbital Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma

Purpose: A risk assessment score for metastasis based on age, tumor size, and mitotic figures has been suggested for nonorbital solitary fibrous tumor (SFT)/hemangiopericytoma. The authors herein examine the clinicopathological features of recurrent and metastatic orbital SFT and evaluate the existing risk assessment score for orbital SFT. Methods: The American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Oncology Database was queried for patients with recurrent or malignant orbital hemangiopericytoma/SFT. The medical records were reviewed for clinical and pathologic findings, treatments, and outcomes. Results: Eight patients from 3 institutions were identified with recurrent orbital hemangiopericytoma/SFT. Median age at diagnosis was 59 years, and 4 patients were women. The mean size of tumor was 2.1 ± 1.1 cm. All patients were initially treated with surgery and experienced local recurrence after a median of 4 (range 0.5–10) years. Five patients were treated with orbital radiation. Two patients also developed distant metastases and eventually died of their disease. Median Ki-67 was 5% (range 1–65%) and 5 mitotic figures/10 high-power fields (range 2–30). The previously described risk stratification model for nonorbital SFT did not correlate with the propensity to develop metastases in this cohort; however, both patients with distant metastasis had > 4 mitotic figures /10 high-power fields. Conclusions: In this cohort of recurrent orbital hemangiopericytoma/SFT, median time to recurrence was 4 years underscoring the importance of careful continued follow-up. The current risk stratification models have limited use for orbital lesions, mostly due to the fact that orbital SFTs are smaller than even the smallest size criteria in this risk assessment model. Accepted for publication June 17, 2018. This work was supported in part by the American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (ASOPRS) Foundation through their support of the ASOPRS Oncology Database at MD Anderson Cancer Center. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Presented at the American Society of Oculoplastic and Reconstructive Surgery Fall Meeting on November 10, 2017 in New Orleans, LA. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Bita Esmaeli, M.D., F.A.C.S., Orbital Oncology and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Department of Plastic Surgery, Unit 1488, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030. E-mail: besmaeli@mdanderson.org © 2018 by The American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Inc., All rights reserved.

Clinical, endoscopic, and histologic characteristics of lymphocytic esophagitis: a systematic review

Abstract

Objective

Lymphocytic esophagitis (LyE) is a novel, yet poorly described, clinicopathologic entity. The aim of this systematic review was to characterize the demographic, clinical, endoscopic, and histologic features of LyE in observational studies of adult and pediatric patients.

Design

We searched the Embase, MEDLINE, and SCOPUS databases for relevant studies in 2018. Two authors reviewed and extracted data from studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results

We identified 20 studies for analysis of demographic, clinical, and endoscopic features of LyE. The mean age ranged from 9 to 67 years. When pooled, there were 231 (52.7%) patients with LyE that were female. The most common presenting symptom was dysphagia reported in 191 (48.8%) patients. On endoscopy, most patients with LyE tended to have abnormal findings (69.0%), which included erosive esophagitis, multiple esophageal rings, linear furrows, and narrow-caliber esophagus. In the 31 studies used to assess the histologic definition, the cut-off number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) was reported in 16 (51.6%) studies, peripapillary IEL specification in 18 (58.1%) studies, and presence of spongiosis in 6 (19.4%) studies.

Conclusion

We identified a spectrum of demographic, clinical, and endoscopic findings characteristic of patients with LyE. A consensus on the diagnostic criteria of LyE is required.

Vocal fold paresis as a surgical complication: our 10‐year experience with 162 incidents

Clinical Otolaryngology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

A predominant Th1 polarization is present in synovial fluid of end‐stage osteoarthritic knee joints – analysis of peripheral blood, synovial fluid & synovial membrane

Clinical &Experimental Immunology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

Anti‐β2‐glycoprotein I antibody with DNA binding activity enters living monocytes via cell surface DNA & induces tissue factor expression

Clinical &Experimental Immunology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

Indications of Transnasal Humidified Rapid‐Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) in laryngoscopy, a prospective study of 19 cases

Clinical Otolaryngology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

Interleukin‐33 encourages scar formation in murine fetal skin wounds

Wound Repair and Regeneration, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

Comparing the influence of two immunosuppressants (fingolimod, azathioprine) on wound healing in a rat model of primary and secondary intention wound closure

Wound Repair and Regeneration, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

Pioneers in dermatology and venereology: an interview with Prof. Sam Shuster

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue 11, Page 1841-1844, November 2018.

The Dermatologist and psoriatic arthritis

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue 11, Page 1836-1837, November 2018.

Review of a recently delineated longitudinal lesion of the nail: onychopapilloma

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue 11, Page 1839-1840, November 2018.

Health economy in dermatology

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue 11, Page 1835-1835, November 2018.

Issue Information

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue 11, Page 1829-1834, November 2018.

Announcement

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue 11, Page 2042-2042, November 2018.

Forthcoming Events

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue 11, Page 2041-2041, November 2018.

Professional soccer and skin temperature

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue 11, Page 1838-1838, November 2018.

Gerontodermatology: the fragility of the epidermis in older adults

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue S4, Page 1-20, November 2018.

Feathered Friends Large And Small Flock On Cornell's 'Wall Of Birds'

Kim puts the finishing touches on a cassowary.

Artist Jane Kim was nicknamed "Michaelangela" for her work on Cornell's massive Wall of Birds mural — 40 feet high and 100 feet wide, capturing 375 million years of avian evolution in paint.

(Image credit: Courtesy of Ink Dwell)

Coastal Pacific Oxygen Levels Now Plummet Once A Year

Oregon State University oceanographer Jack Barth deploys a glider that will spend weeks at sea collecting data on everything from dissolved oxygen levels to temperature. "When we used to think about hypoxia in the ocean, we think about little areas. But now what we

Scientists credit the crab and oyster industries with noticing a change in oxygen levels in coastal Pacific waters.

(Image credit: Kristian Foden-Vencil/NPR)

Robust navigation support in lowest dose image setting

Abstract

Purpose

Clinical cardiac electrophysiology (EP) is concerned with diagnosis and treatment of cardiac arrhythmia describing abnormality or perturbation in the normal activation sequence of the myocardium. With the recent introduction of lowest dose X-ray imaging protocol for EP procedures, interventional image enhancement has gained crucial importance for the well-being of patients as well as medical staff.

Methods

In this paper, we introduce a novel method to detect and track different EP catheter electrodes in lowest dose fluoroscopic sequences based on \(\ell _1\) -sparse coding and online robust PCA (ORPCA). Besides being able to work on real lowest dose sequences, the underlying methodology achieves simultaneous detection and tracking of three main EP catheters used during ablation procedures.

Results

We have validated our algorithm on 16 lowest dose fluoroscopic sequences acquired during real cardiac ablation procedures. In addition to expert labels for 2 sequences, we have employed a crowdsourcing strategy to obtain ground truth labels for the remaining 14 sequences. In order to validate the effect of different training data, we have employed a leave-one-out cross-validation scheme yielding an average detection rate of \(86.9\%\) .

Conclusion

Besides these promising quantitative results, our medical partners also expressed their high satisfaction. Being based on \(\ell _1\) -sparse coding and online robust PCA (ORPCA), our method advances previous approaches by being able to detect and track electrodes attached to multiple different catheters.

Reconstructed human keloid models show heterogeneity within keloid scars

Abstract

Keloid scars are often described as having an actively growing peripheral margin with a regressing centre. The aim of this study was to examine the possible heterogeneity within keloids and the involvement of different regions within and around keloid scars in the pathogenesis, using an in vitro keloid scar model. In vitro skin models were constructed from keratinocytes and fibroblasts from normal skin and different regions within and around keloid scars: periphery, centre, and (adjacent) surrounding-normal-skin regions. Additionally, fibroblasts were isolated from the superficial-central and deep-central regions of the keloid and combined with central keratinocytes. All keloid regions showed increased contraction compared to normal skin models, particularly in central regions. Myofibroblasts were present in all keloid regions but were more abundant in models containing central-deep keloid fibroblasts. Secretion of anti-fibrotic HGF and extracellular matrix collagen IV gene expression was reduced in the central deep keloid compared to normal skin. No significant differences between peripheral and central regions within keloids were observed for inflammatory cytokine CCL20, CCL27, CXCL8, IL-6 and IL-18 secretion. Parameters for surrounding-normal-skin showed similarities to both non-lesional normal skin and keloids. In conclusion, a simple but elegant method of culturing keloid-derived keratinocytes and fibroblasts in an organotypic 3D scar model was developed, for the dual purpose of studying the underlying pathology and ultimately testing new therapeutics. In this study, these tissue engineered scar models show that the central keloid region shows a more aggressive keloid scar phenotype than the periphery and that the surrounding-normal-skin also shares certain abnormalities characteristic for keloids.

AutoTube: a novel software for the automated morphometric analysis of vascular networks in tissues

Abstract

Due to their involvement in many physiologic and pathologic processes, there is a great interest in identifying new molecular pathways that mediate the formation and function of blood and lymphatic vessels. Vascular research increasingly involves the image-based analysis and quantification of vessel networks in tissue whole-mounts or of tube-like structures formed by cultured endothelial cells in vitro. While both types of experiments deliver important mechanistic insights into (lymph)angiogenic processes, the manual analysis and quantification of such experiments are typically labour-intensive and affected by inter-experimenter variability. To bypass these problems, we developed AutoTube, a new software that quantifies parameters like the area covered by vessels, vessel width, skeleton length and branching or crossing points of vascular networks in tissues and in in vitro assays. AutoTube is freely downloadable, comprises an intuitive graphical user interface and helps to perform otherwise highly time-consuming image analyses in a rapid, automated and reproducible manner. By analysing lymphatic and blood vascular networks in whole-mounts prepared from different tissues or from gene-targeted mice with known vascular abnormalities, we demonstrate the ability of AutoTube to determine vascular parameters in close agreement to the manual analyses and to identify statistically significant differences in vascular morphology in tissues and in vascular networks formed in in vitro assays.