Overview of sialylation status in human nervous and skeletal muscle tissues during aging

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Overview of sialylation status in human nervous and skeletal muscle tissues during aging Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2021 Nov 6;123(8):151813. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151813. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Sialic acids (Sias) are a large and heterogeneous family of electronegatively charged nine-carbon monosaccharides containing a carboxylic acid and are mostly found as terminal residues in glycans of glycoproteins and glycolipids such as gangliosides. They are linked to galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine via α2,3 or α2,6 linkage, or to other Sias via α2,8 or more ra rely α2,9 linkage, resulting in mono, oligo and polymeric forms. Given their characteristics, Sias play a crucial role in a multitude of human tissue biological processes in physiological and pathological conditions, ranging from development and growth to adult life until aging. Here, we review the sialylation status in human adult life focusing on the nervous and skeletal muscle tissues, which both display significant structural and functional changes during aging, strongly impacting on the whole human body and, therefore, on the quality of life. In particular, this review highlights the fundamental roles played by different types of glycoconjugates Sias in several cellular biological processes in the nervous and skeletal muscle tissues during adult life, also discussing how changes in Sia content during aging may contribute to the physiological decline of physical and nervous functions and to the development of age-related degenerative pathologies. Based on our current knowledge, further in-depth investigations could help to develop novel prophylactic strategies and therapeutic approaches that, by maintaining and/or restoring the correct sialylation status in the nervous and skeletal muscle tissues, could contribute to aging slowing and the prevention of age-related pathologies. PMID:34753032 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151813 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Infrahyoid myofascial flap transfer for the prevention of concave deformity and gustatory sweating after parotidectomy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Infrahyoid myofascial flap transfer for the prevention of concave deformity and gustatory sweating after parotidectomy Via Auris Nasus Larynx Publication date: Available online 9 November 2021 Source: Auris Nasus Larynx Author(s): Hideki Kadota, Takamasa Yoshida View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The Role of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography in Complex Abdominal Wall Reconstruction: A Scoping Review of the Literature

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The Role of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography in Complex Abdominal Wall Reconstruction: A Scoping Review of the Literature Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Oct 8:S1748-6815(21)00435-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.08.048. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICGFA) is a technique for assessing vascularity and perfusion which has multiple proven applications across a variety of surgical procedures. Studies have been performed assessing its potential role in evaluating skin flap viability in complex abdominal wall reconstruction (CAWR) in order to avoid postoperative surgical site occurrences (SSO). OBJECTIVES: This scoping review was intended to summarise the literature concerning ICGFA in CAWR in order to facilitate future evidence-based guidelines for its use. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Inclusion - cohort studies, randomised controlled trials, case series, case reports and ventral midline hernias only. Exclusion - patients aged under 18 years and non-human test subjects. SOURCES OF EVIDENCE: P ubMed, MEDLINE®, Cochrane, Embase and OpenGrey RESULTS: A total of 3416 unique titles were yielded from our search of which 9 met our inclusion criteria: 3 case reports, 1 retrospective case series, 1 prospective case series, 3 non-blinded, non-randomised retrospective case-controlled studies and 1 prospective, double-blinded randomised controlled study. The included studies varied considerably in size and method however the consensus appeared to support ICGFA as being a safe and feasible means of assessing tissue flap vascularity in CAWR. The studies returned contrasting results regarding the impact of ICGFA in predicting and avoiding SSOs however there were insufficient numbers of studies for a meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS: We identify three case reports and four lower quality studies suggesting a possible application for ICGFA in CAWR and two higher quality studies showing no overall benefit. Evidence-based guidelines on the role of ICGFA in CAWR will require the assessment of further studies. PMID:34753685 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.08.048 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Patient-reported outcomes measures used in facial vascularized composite allotransplantation: A systematic literature review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Patient-reported outcomes measures used in facial vascularized composite allotransplantation: A systematic literature review Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Oct 2:S1748-6815(21)00441-1. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.09.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Facial vascularized composite allotransplantation (fVCA) is a life-enhancing procedure performed to improve quality of life (QOL). Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are tools used to assess QOL from the patients' perspective, and are increasingly recognized as an important clinical metric to assess outcomes of treatment. A systematic literature review was performed to identify and appraise the content of PROMs used in fVCA. METHODS: We searched PUBMED/Medline, CINAHL, Embase, PsychInfo, and Web of Science from their inception through to June 2020. Included studies used a PROM in candidates and recipients of fVCA of any gender or age. We excluded abstracts, reviews, editorials, and dissertations. Items from each PROM were extracted and coded, using top-level codes and subcodes, to de velop a preliminary conceptual framework of QOL concerns in fVCA, and to guide future PROM selection. RESULTS: Title and abstract screening of 6089 publications resulted in 16 studies that met inclusion criteria. Review of the 16 studies identified 38 PROMs, none of which were developed for fVCA. Review of the coded content for each PROM identified six top-level codes (appearance, facial function, physical, psychological and social health, and experience of care) and 16 subcodes, making up the preliminary conceptual framework. CONCLUSION: There are currently no PROMs designed to measure QOL concerns of fVCA candidates and recipients. Findings from this systematic review will be used to inform an interview guide for use in qualitative interviews to elicit and refine important concepts related to QOL in fVCA. PMID:34753682 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.09.002 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Giant Pharyngeal Recess Cyst: A Case Report

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Giant Pharyngeal Recess Cyst: A Case Report Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Nov 9:1455613211056549. doi: 10.1177/01455613211056549. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT A pharyngeal recess cyst is a benign lesion, located at the nasopharyngeal recess with limited development. Pharyngeal recess cysts rarely occur. This case report describes a young male patient presenting with a foreign body sensation in the pharynx. Electronic nasopharyngoscope examination revealed a large nasopharyngeal cyst, whose root was located in the left ph aryngeal recess. Complete surgical resection was performed, and the patient successfully recovered.Pharyngeal recess cysts are rare lesions that can be diagnosed based on imaging and endoscopy findings. It is treated surgically and has a favorable prognosis. PMID:34753325 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211056549 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Clinicopathological analysis of retroperitoneal solitary fibrous tumours: a study of 31 cases

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Clinicopathological analysis of retroperitoneal solitary fibrous tumours: a study of 31 cases Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Histol Histopathol. 2021 Nov 8:18392. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-392. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT A solitary fibrous tumour (SFT) is a mesenchymal tumour that exhibits fibroblast differentiation and rarely occurs in the retroperitoneum. The main purpose of this study was to explore the clinical manifestation, histopathological features and biological behaviour of retroperitoneal SFT. From 2011 to 2020, 31 patients were hospitalized and diagnosed with retroperitoneal SFTs. We summarized and analysed the morphological features, immunophenotype, treatment and prognosis. Patients (13 M; 18 F) ranged in age from 25 to 79 years with a mean age of 53.6 years. The main symptoms included an abdominal mass (48.4%) and abdominal discomfort (25.8%). The mean maximum diameter of the tumours was 12.9 cm (range, 4-40 cm). Histopathologically, there were 17 classic cases and 14 hemangiopericytoma-like cases. The tumour cells were positive for STAT6 (96.8 %), CD34 (96.8%), CD99 (93.5%) and BCL-2 (90.3%). All patients were treated with complete surgical excision, and 3 of the patients also received chemotherapy. After a median follow up period of 44 months (range, 6 to 107 months), 2 patients died. Patients in the high- or intermediate-risk group were prone to metastasis and/or recurrence. The sites of metastases and/or recurrences involved the liver, bone and pelvis. The Ki-67 labelling index in the high-intermediate risk group (median, 10%) was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group (median, 3%). The retroperitoneal SFT demonstrates an indolent clinical course, and patients from the high- or intermediate-risk group require close follow-up. A Ki-67 labelling index ≥10% may be used as an important reference for prognosis. PMID:34755327 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-392 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The role of endocervical curettage in detection and treatment of cervical canal lesions

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The role of endocervical curettage in detection and treatment of cervical canal lesions Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Histol Histopathol. 2021 Nov 9:18394. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-394. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To screen out high-risk groups of endocervical lesions, explore the effect of length of excision on margin status in women with abnormal endocervical curettage (ECC) and explore the role of ECC in the additional detection of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or worse (HSIL+) under colposcopy and lesion-targeted biopsies. METHODS: The study included 936 patients who underwent loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) for cervical lesions which were diagnosed by cervical biopsy and ECC at the cervical clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2014 and December 2018. The correlations among abnormal ECC, human papillomavirus (HPV) type, cytology, margin of excision, and age were analyzed by Pearson's χ2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Abn ormal ECC was associated with HPV-16 infection (P<0.001), or HSIL cervical cytology or worse (P<0.001), or aged 50 years old or older (P<0.001). Abnormal ECC was associated with positive margin of excision (P<0.001). For patients with abnormal ECC, the length of excision was independent of margin status (P=0.762). Among all the 491 patients with HSIL+ diagnosed by either cervical biopsy or ECC, the additional detection rate of HSIL+ by ECC was only 8.76% (43/491). CONCLUSION: In our study, ECC was recommended in women with HPV16 infection, HSIL cervical cytology or worse, aged 50 or older, or invisible transformation zone in colposcopy. At the same time, our results suggested that ECC abnormalities were associated with positive margin of excision. The data did not support performing a longer length of excision in patients with abnormal ECC, especially in women with fertility needs. In summary, patients with abnormal ECC should be given more attention and follow-up to avoid missing residual lesions.orse prognostic factor in breast cancer patients. PMID:34755328 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-394 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Degenerative physiochemical events in the pathological intervertebral disc

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Degenerative physiochemical events in the pathological intervertebral disc Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Histol Histopathol. 2021 Nov 10:18395. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-395. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Low back pain is one of the commonest musculoskeletal complaints that affects individuals of all ages and is a leading contributor towards work loss worldwide. The range of current treatment modalities involving surgeries, injectable agents, and medications is promising but cannot address the reasons behind the occurrence of pain in patients with degenerative disc pathologies. One possible factor for the limited success is the lack of evidence behind the identification of early, intermediate, and late stages of painful changes methodologically in a vast group of populations and the manifestation of the diseases in terms of increased physical activity, hereditary patterns, and various risk factors. However, despite these challenges, steady progress has been achieved in understanding the parameters in abnormally loaded progressively degenerati ng discs and these features have been elucidated at a physical, biochemical, and cellular level. These recent findings can likely lead to the development of therapeutic interventions that will identify and retard tissue damage, decrease pain, and improve the quality of life in these patients. Therefore, the main aim of this review is to integrate recent updates in intervertebral disc degeneration research for the development of evidence-based screening protocols and more targeted interventions in the management of low back pain. PMID:34755329 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-395 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Medicolegal corner (spine): Contraindicated use of DuraSeal in anterior cervical spine led to quadriplegia

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Medicolegal corner (spine): Contraindicated use of DuraSeal in anterior cervical spine led to quadriplegia Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Surg Neurol Int. 2021 Oct 19;12:532. doi: 10.25259/SNI_875_2021. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The package insert for DuraSeal (Integra LifeSciences, Princeton NJ) states it is Contraindicated for use in the anterior cervical spine (confined space): "Do not apply DuraSeal® hydrogel to confined bony structures where nerves are present since neural compression may result due to hydrogel swelling (…up to 12% of its size in any direction)." Further, it should not be used to treat massive unrepaired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks in any location; "…(it) is indicated as an adjunct to sutured dural repair during spine surgery to provide watertight closure," but it is not to be used "...for a gap greater than 2 mm…." METHODS: A spinal surgeon interpreted a geriatric patient's MR as showing severe C3-C4 to C5-C6 anterior cord compression due to disc disease/spondylosis. However, he never reviewed the CT report/images that documented marked ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) with multiple signs of dural penetrance. RESULTS: The anterior C4, C5 corpectomy, and C3-C6 strut fusion/plating resulted in a massive, irreparable cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. Despite the contraindications, the surgeon mistakenly applied DuraSeal which caused the patient's postoperative quadriplegia (i.e., as documented on the delayed postoperative MR scan). Following a secondary surgery consisting of a laminectomy/posterior fusion, the patient was still quadriplegic. Further, as he requested no postoperative MR scan and performed no subsequent corrective surgery (i.e., anterior removal of DuraSeal), the patient remained permanently quadriplegic. CONCLUSION: DuraSeal is directly contraindicated for use in the anterior cervical spine, with/without a CSF leak. Here, utilizing DuraSeal for anterior cervical OPLL surgery resulted in permanent quadriplegia, and was below the standard of care. PMID:34754582 | PMC:PMC8571335 | DOI:10.25259/SNI_875_2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Acoustic, Aerodynamic, Morphometric, and Perceptual Changes During and After Semi-Occluded Vocal Tract Exercise: An Integrative Review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Acoustic, Aerodynamic, Morphometric, and Perceptual Changes During and After Semi-Occluded Vocal Tract Exercise: An Integrative Review Via Journal of Voice The body of literature discussing the acoustic, aerodynamic, perceptual, and morphometric changes that occur during and after semi-occluded vocal tract exercise (SOVTE) has dramatically expanded within the past 20 years. The current study integrates the literature on SOVTE from the 1990s onward, reviewing the technique's clinically relevant effects in vocally untrained adults both with and without dysphonia. The study aims to give clinicians actionable information on how SOVTEs alter vocal function in both normal and pathological states. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A new combined approach to lost medial rectus muscle retrieval using the endoscopic transnasal approach, transcutaneous medial orbitotomy, and the sub-Tenon approach

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A new combined approach to lost medial rectus muscle retrieval using the endoscopic transnasal approach, transcutaneous medial orbitotomy, and the sub-Tenon approach Via Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Oct 12:S1808-8694(21)00149-X. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.07.004. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:34756558 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.07.004 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.