Long-Term Improvement of Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation After Bariatric Surgery

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Long-Term Improvement of Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation After Bariatric Surgery Via Latest Results for Obesity Surgery Abstract Purpose Bariatric surgery (BS) was shown to improve inflammatory markers in previous short-term follow-up studies. The aim of the present study was to assess the long-term effects of BS on chronic low-grade inflammation markers related to severe obesity. Moreover, the meaning of the type of BS procedure as well as the remission of type 2 diabetes (T2D) for inflammatory status up to 4 years after BS was analyzed. Materials and Methods In a retrospective cohort study including 163 patients at baseline, inflammatory and metabolic parameters were assessed at 4 time points: before surgery (baseline), 6 months after surgery (visit 1), 2 years after surgery (visit 2), and 4 years after surgery (visit 3). Univariate regression analysis was used to identify variables that were thought to determine change in inflammatory parameters. Results CRP, hs-CRP, leucocytes, and ferritin significantly declined in the mid- and long-term according to the U-shaped curve of weight loss (p<0.001). Change in body mass index (BMI) at long-time follow-up showed a significant linear effect on change in leucocytes (B=0.082; p<0.001) and change in hs-CRP (B=0.03; p<0.05). There was a strong, positive correlation between T2D and hs-CRP at visit 2 (rs=0.195; p<0.05) and visit 3 (rs=0.36; p=0.001). With regard to type of surgery and gender, there were no significant differences in inflammatory parameters. Conclusion BS is able to reduce obesity-related chronic low-grade inflammation up to 4 years after surgical intervention. The improvement in metaflammation is related to the change in BMI and remission of T2D in the long-term. Graphical abstract View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

3D bioprinting modified autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis(AMIC) technique for repair of cartilage defects

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader 3D bioprinting modified autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis(AMIC) technique for repair of cartilage defects Via ScienceDirect Publication: Materials & Design Publication date: Available online 5 March 2021 Source: Materials & Design Author(s): Yang Zhou, Ran Qin, Tong Chen, Kaibin Zhang, Jianchao Gui View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Catheter-Related Sepsis by Candida pararugosa in an Adult Patient under Chemotherapy Regimen

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Catheter-Related Sepsis by Candida pararugosa in an Adult Patient under Chemotherapy Regimen Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Candida pararugosa is present in animals and humans in different organs and biological liquids, usually as a saprophyte. We report the case of a 61-year-old woman diagnosed with de novo stage IV metastatic lobular breast cancer, carrying a central venous catheter (port-a-cath) and bilateral stents for perirenal infiltration by malignancy. During chemotherapy regimen, a febrile episode occurred, along with a high level of serum glucan. The port-a-cath was removed after blood collection for culture, which gave isolation of Candida pararugosa strains. Given high glucan level and the patient's frailty, empirical treatment with fluconazole was started with load-dose, 800 mg orally, at day 1 and, afterwards, with 400 mg daily for two weeks. The phenotype of susceptibility to antibiotics of the strain demonstrated lower minimal inhibitory concentration to fluconazole than that reported in the literature. The patient remained asymptomatic, and inflammation parameters showed normalization. Unfortunately, three weeks later, meningeal localization of cancer caused rapid deterioration and death. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Network Pharmacology-Based Approach to Investigating the Mechanisms of Fushen Granule Effects on Intestinal Barrier Injury in Chronic Renal Failure

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader A Network Pharmacology-Based Approach to Investigating the Mechanisms of Fushen Granule Effects on Intestinal Barrier Injury in Chronic Renal Failure Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Purpose. Fushen Granule (FSG) is a Chinese medicine prepared by doctors for treating patients with chronic renal failure, which is usually accompanied by gastrointestinal dysfunction. Here, we explore the protective effect of FSG on intestinal barrier injury in chronic renal failure through bioinformatic analysis and experimental verification. Methods. In this study, information on the components and targets of FSG related to CRF is collected to construct and visualize protein-protein interaction networks and drug-compound-target networks using network pharmacological methods. DAVID is used to conduct gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Then, it is validated by in vitro experiments. In this study, the human inte stinal epithelial (T84) cells are used and divided into four groups: control group, model group, FSG low-dose group, and FSG high-dose group. After the experiment, the activity of T84 cells is detected by a MTT assay, and the expressions of tight junction protein ZO-1, claudin-1, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), malondialdehyde (MDA), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are examined by immunofluorescence and/or western blotting. Results. Eighty-six potential chronic renal failure-related targets are identified by FSG; among them, nine core genes are screened. Furthermore, GO enrichment analysis shows that the cancer-related signaling pathway, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the HIF1 signaling pathway, and the TNF signaling pathway may play key roles in the treatment of CRF by FSG. The MTT method showed that FSG is not cytotoxic to uremic toxin-induced injured T84 cells. The results of immunofluorescence and WB indicate that compared with the contro l group, protein expressions level of ZO-1, claudin-1, and Nrf2 in T84 cells is decreased and protein expressions level of HO-1, MDA, and COX-2 is increased after urinary toxin treatment. Instead, compared with the model group, protein expressions level of ZO-1, claudin-1, and Nrf2 in T84 cells is increased and protein expressions level of HO-1, MDA, and COX-2 is decreased after FSG treatment. Conclusion. FSG had a protective effect on urinary toxin-induced intestinal epithelial barrier injury in chronic renal failure, and its mechanism may be related to the upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1 signal transduction and the inhibition of tissue oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Screening CRF targets and identifying the corresponding FSG components by network pharmacological methods is a practical strategy to explain the mechanism of FSG in improving gastrointestinal dysfunction in CRF. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Box Jellyfish (Cnidaria, Cubozoa) Extract Increases Neuron’s Connection: A Possible Neuroprotector Effect

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Box Jellyfish (Cnidaria, Cubozoa) Extract Increases Neuron's Connection: A Possible Neuroprotector Effect Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Neurodegenerative diseases are one of the major causes of death worldwide, characterized by neurite atrophy, neuron apoptosis, and synapse loss. No effective treatment has been indicated for such diseases so far, and the search for new drugs is being increased in the last years. Animal venoms' secretion/venom can be an alternative for the discovery of new molecules, which could be the prototype for a new treatment. Here, we present the biochemical characterization and activity of the extract from the box jellyfish Chiropsalmus quadrumanus (Cq) on neurites. The Cq methanolic extract was obtained and incubated to human SH-SY5Y neurons, and neurite parameters were evaluated. The extract was tested in other cell types to check its cytotoxicity and was submitted to biochemical analysis by mass sp ectrometry in order to check its composition. We could verify that the Cq extract increased neurite outgrowth length and branching junctions, amplifying the contact between SH-SY5Y neurons, without affecting cell body and viability. The extract action was selective for neurons, as it did not cause any effects on other cell types, such as tumor line, nontumor line, and red blood cells. Moreover, mass spectrometry analysis revealed that there are no proteins but several low molecular mass compounds and peptides. Three peptides, characterized as cryptides, and 14 low molecular mass compounds were found to be related to cytoskeleton reorganization, cell membrane expansion, and antioxidant/neuroprotective activity, which act together to increase neuritogenesis. After this evaluation, we conclude that the Cq extract is a promising tool for neuronal connection recovery, an essential condition for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Ganoderma lucidum Spore Polysaccharide Inhibits the Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Altering Macrophage Polarity and Induction of Apoptosis

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Ganoderma lucidum Spore Polysaccharide Inhibits the Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Altering Macrophage Polarity and Induction of Apoptosis Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Background. Ganoderma lucidum has certain components with known pharmacological effects, including strengthening immunity and anti-inflammatory activity. G. lucidum seeds inherit all its biological characteristics. G. lucidum spore polysaccharide (GLSP) is the main active ingredient to enhance these effects. However, its specific biological mechanisms are not exact. Our research is aimed at revealing the specific biological mechanism of GLSP to enhance immunity and inhibit the growth of H22 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Methods. We extracted primary macrophages (Mø) from BALB/c mice and treated them with GLSP (800 μg/mL, 400 μg/mL, and 200 μg/mL) to observe its effects on macrophage polarization and cytokine secretion. We used GLSP and GLSP-intervened macrophage supernatant to treat H 22 tumor cells and observed their effects using MTT and flow cytometry. Moreover, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to observe the effect of GLSP-intervened macrophage supernatant on the PI3K/AKT and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. Results. In this study, GLSP promoted the polarization of primary macrophages to M1 type and the upregulation of some cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and TGF-β1. The MTT assay revealed that GLSP+Mø at 400 μg/mL and 800 μg/mL significantly inhibited H22 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that GLSP+Mø induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, associated with the expression of critical genes and proteins (PI3K, p-AKT, BCL-2, BAX, and caspase-9) that regulate the PI3K/AKT pathway and apoptosis. GLSP reshapes the tumor microenvironment by activating macrophages, promotes the polarization of primary macrophages to M1 type, and promotes the secret ion of various inflammatory factors and cytokines. Conclusion. Therefore, as a natural nutrient, GLSP is a potential agent in hepatocellular carcinoma cell treatment and induction of apoptosis. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The Causal Model of Public Acceptance of Genetically Modified Food: An Invariance Analysis

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader The Causal Model of Public Acceptance of Genetically Modified Food: An Invariance Analysis Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Measurement invariance refers to the equivalence of measurement instrument in different groups. Research on social science often involves comparing different groups, such as whether the relationship between two variables is the same in male and female groups. Measurement invariance is a prerequisite of these studies because if the measurement tools are not equivalent, we cannot distinguish the difference between the degree of measurement tools and the empirical results. The causal model proposed by Michael Siegrist is one of the baseline models for studying public acceptance of genetically modified food, but only a few studies have tested the invariance of the causal model. Thus, it is difficult for researchers to judge the reliability of some conclusions about group comparison, such as whethe r the risk perception of men is lower than that of women. In this study, we use sample data about China (N = 1091) to test the invariance of the causal model among groups with different genders and knowledge levels. The test results show that the model has full invariance across gender, and only factor loading invariance has no measurement error invariance across knowledge levels. The results of this study show that the conclusion about group comparison on gender in previous studies is credible, but the reliability of the measurement of the differences between knowledge level groups needs to improve before meaningful comparison can be made. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

AI Based Gravity Compensation Algorithm and Simulation of Load End of Robotic Arm Wrist Force

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader AI Based Gravity Compensation Algorithm and Simulation of Load End of Robotic Arm Wrist Force Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation With the rapid development of mechatronics and robotics technology, the application of robots has been extended from the industrial field to daily life and has become an indispensable part of work and daily life. The accuracy and flexibility of the operator determine the operating efficiency of the robot. Although the level of development of the operator is constantly improving, the traditional operator has a simple structure and generally adopts parallel movement or tightening. The holding structure has poor flexibility and stability, making it difficult to achieve precise position capture and control and cannot meet the requirements of delicate tasks. In this paper, a basic force analysis of the manipulator is carried out, and the change trend of the force and driving force of each joint when t he manipulator is grasping objects is obtained, so as to determine that the manipulator can grasp the object stably; then, in the strength analysis of the manipulator, it is determined that the material meets the strength requirements. This paper conducts an output voltage experiment on the static performance and coupling error of the mechanical arm wrist force sensor. Secondly, in order to study the influence of the temperature change in the space environment on the zero-point output of the mechanical arm sensor, a high and low temperature test box are used to simulate the temperature brought by the temperature change to the sensor. Experiments show that the maximum coupling error of the sensor is 1.81%, which is less than 2% of the design index. This indicates that the operator sensor is used to detect the force and torque that the space operator's edge operator experiences when it interacts with the external environment and provides the necessary power sensing information for p ower control and compatible operator motion control, completing some complex; the Fine project is an important prerequisite for realizing the intelligence of space operators. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The Incidence of Erosive Esophagitis as a Complication of Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader The Incidence of Erosive Esophagitis as a Complication of Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Introduction. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms commonly occur during diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and typically resolve with treatment. However, GI complications can persist after DKA resolves. The incidence of upper GI bleeding during DKA in adults has been described, with erosive esophagitis one of the most common lesions. The incidence of GI bleeding or erosive esophagitis in children with DKA has not been previously reported. We performed a retrospective chart review of DKA admissions in children 0 to View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Custom-Made Antibiotic Cement-Coated Nail for the Treatment of Infected Bone Defect

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Custom-Made Antibiotic Cement-Coated Nail for the Treatment of Infected Bone Defect Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Background. Longbone infected bone defect remains a great challenge due to multiple surgeries, long-term treatment duration, and uncertain prognosis. Treatment principles include eradication/debridement, stabilization, and antibiotic administration. An antibiotic cement-coated nail has shown great prospects due to both local antibiotic elution and stabilization of bone defects. However, the current fabrication technique remains to be improved. Methods. For the first time, we described a new method for custom-made cement-coated nail fabrication based on a 3D printing technique. A retrospective study of 19 consecutive patients with long bone infected bone defects from one medical center was conducted who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria from November 2016 to May 2020. The treatment invol ved thorough debridement, custom-made antibiotic cement-coated nail filling, and culture-specific systemic antibiotic treatment guided by a multidisciplinary team. Clinical and radiographic examinations (X-ray and CT scans) were used to evaluate bony union. Clinical and laboratory examinations were used to evaluate the infection control. The SF-36 score was used to evaluate patients' quality of life pre- and postoperatively. Results. The mean follow-up was 98.8 weeks (ranging from 40 to 192). All cases achieved infection control, 3 cases achieved bone healing after one-stage operation, and 12 cases achieved bone healing after a two-stage bone graft procedure. At the last follow-up, none of the 19 patients had infection recurrence or 1 case had failure of the protective plate. The pre- and postoperative SF-36 score showed that there were statistical differences in all the 9 aspects. Conclusions. The precise custom-made antibiotic cement-coated intramedullary nail through the 3D pri nting technique used in this study is an effective strategy for the treatment of infected bone defects of long bone. This technique may help to increase the infection control rate and promote bone healing. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Thailand: A Comprehensive Modelling of Epidemic Dynamics Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a highly contagious disease with several outbreaks in Asian-Pacific countries, including Thailand. With such epidemic characteristics and potential economic impact, HFMD is a significant public health issue in Thailand. Generally, contagious/infectious diseases' transmission dynamics vary across geolocations due to different socioeconomic situations, demography, and lifestyles. Hence, a nationwide comprehensive model of the disease's epidemic dynamics can provide information to understand better and predict a potential outbreak of this disease and efficiently and effectively manage its impact. However, there is no nationwide and comprehensive (i.e., the inclusion of reinfections in the model) model of HFDM dynamics for Thailand. This paper has endeav oured to promote nationwide comprehensive modelling of HFMD's epidemic dynamics and comprehend the reinfection cases. We have formulated the SEIRS epidemiological model with dynamic vitals, including reinfections, to explore this disease's prevalence. We also introduced periodic seasonality to reproduce the seasonal effect. The pattern of spread of this disease is uneven across the provinces in Thailand, so we used -means clustering algorithm to cluster those provinces into three groups (i.e., highly, moderately, and least affected levels). We also analysed health records collected from district hospitals, which suggest significant reinfection cases. For example, we found that 11% (approximately) of infectious patients return for repeat treatment within the study period. We also performed sensitivity analysis which indicates that the basic reproduction number () is sensitive to the rate of transmission () and the rate at which infected people recover (). By fitting the model wit h HFMD confirmed data for the provinces in each cluster, the basic reproduction number () was estimated to be 2.643, 1.91, and 3.246 which are greater than 1. Based on this high , this study recommends that this disease will persist in the coming years under identical cultural and environmental conditions. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.