Postextubation dysphagia in intensive care patients : Current findings and clinical recommendations

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Postextubation dysphagia in intensive care patients : Current findings and clinical recommendations Via swallowing exercises Anaesthesist. 2022 Feb 15. doi: 10.1007/s00101-022-01092-0. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: A considerable number of critically ill and mechanically ventilated intensive care patients show pronounced dysphagia after extubation. Many studies have shown that postextubation dysphagia (PED) leads to a significant decline of outcome. The awareness, timely diagnostic procedures and integration of suitable treatment methods in intensive care units are therefore of great import ance. OBJECTIVE: Current basic findings on PED, diagnostic possibilities, therapeutic methods as well as the development of concrete recommendations for clinical practice. METHODS: A selective literature search was performed in PubMed, Medline and Cochrane using keywords. RESULTS: In the literature the incidence PED is reported very heterogeneous but is probably at least 10% in intensive care patients after mechanical ventilation. The duration of intubation plays a critical role here. A multifactorial interaction of several factors is assumed to be the cause, whereby the impairment of laryngeal structures is of particular relevance. A PED leads to longer hospital stays, higher mortality, more reintubation and a higher number of patients with tube feeding. With respect to diagnostics, screening by trained nurses, clinical swallowing examinations and, in particular, the use of instrumental examinations by flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) are recomm ended. The treatment should include adaptive measures in the sense of an adapted diet but also functional exercises. Innovative approaches, such as electrical stimulation are also conceivable. The aim is primarily to avoid penetration and aspiration in order to counteract respiratory complications. CONCLUSION: In many intensive care units the clinical picture of PED is still neglected despite clear evidence. A simple algorithm in the treatment of intensive care patients can contribute to early detection and initiation of further steps. These should be integrated into clinical treatment standards. PMID:35166868 | DOI:10.1007/s00101-022-01092-0 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Systematic construction and external validation of an immune‐related prognostic model for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Systematic construction and external validation of an immune‐related prognostic model for nasopharyngeal carcinoma Via Head & Neck Abstract Background We attempted to identify the most reliable immune-related index for predicting nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) prognosis and to reveal its precise and integrated relationship with NPC progression. Method One thousand seven hundred and six patients with newly diagnosed NPC (1320 from the primary cohort and 386 from the validated cohort) from January 2010 to March 2014 were enrolled. Clinical features and 12 immune-related variables were analyzed. Results A high absolute lymphocyte count (ALC; >3.2 × 109/L) correlated with a poor prognosis of patients with NPC. Significant OS differences were discovered between patients with high ALC and no ALC elevation (p < 0.05, in primary cohort), showing similar prognostic risk to patients with advanced NPC (p > 0.05, in validated cohort). ALC improved the predictive performance of the basic tumor-node-metastasis prognostic model (p = 0.025), which was reliably validated in the external independent cohort. Conclusion High ALC is a surrogate marker for improved prognostic risk stratification in NPC. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Successful outcomes with flaps for recurrent cerebrospinal fluid leaks: A systematic review of the literature

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Successful outcomes with flaps for recurrent cerebrospinal fluid leaks: A systematic review of the literature Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2022 Jan 22:S1748-6815(22)00036-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.01.022. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Complex back wounds with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak constitute a challenge for surgeons in clinical practice. While repair of complex back wounds with various flaps is well described in the literature, there is a paucity of reviews and articles regarding optimal treatment for refractory CSF leaks. The aim of this systematic review was to present the different flap techniques proposed in the literature for CSF leaks fistulas and pseudo-meningoceles. A systematic review of the literature was conducted using the PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Studies tackling different flap techniques used for spinal or skull base CSF leak were included in the studies. The main outcomes were complications and recurrences after previous failed treatments. Fifteen studies were included in the study, constituting a cohort of 42 patients (mean age 45 years; F/M ratio 1.15:1). A previous unsuccessful non-flap procedure was proposed in 88.1% of patients for their CSF leak. Only 16.7% had a recurrence of their CSF leak after the flap procedure. Free radial forearm flap and regional muscle flaps were more frequently used in the skull base region. Pedicled omental flaps and reverse turnover latissimus dorsi were the most commonly used flaps in the thoracolumbar region. No statistically significant differences were found between these flaps regarding rates of complications and recurrence. Flaps should be considered as a safe and effective treatment option for complex back wounds with CSF leaks. All proposed flaps in the literature seem to provide an equivalent cure rate for recurrent and refractory leaks. PMID:35168923 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2022.01.022 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Extension of HPV vaccination to boys

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Extension of HPV vaccination to boys: Survey of families and general practitioners Via Association française pour l'étude du cancer Bull Cancer. 2022 Feb 12:S0007-4551(22)00036-4. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2022.01.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: As part of an analysis on the extension of the HPV vaccination to French boys, the French National Cancer Institute (INCa) and the French National Authority for Health (HAS) have conducted in collaboration a survey on HPV vaccine acceptance in July 2019. This survey was completed by parents of children aged 11-19 and general practitioners (GPs). Questions focused on their representations, practices and intentions in the context of the future policy change allowing boys to get vaccinated against HPV. METHODS: The survey was conducted between June 20 and July 12, 2019. It focused on two populations: a nationally representative sample of parents with at least one girl aged 11-19 and/or one boy aged 11-14 (n=1984) and a representative sample of GPs in mainland France. Data were collected through a web-based questionnaire with a mean completion time of 10minutes for parents and GPs. The quota method was applied to ensure the representative nature of the samples based on (i) gender, age, children (girl aged 11-14 and/or boy aged 11-14) of the household, socio-professional category of the "head of the household", size of urban area and region for the parents' sample and based on (ii) gender, age, region and type of practice for the GPs' sample. RESULTS: Although most GPs were very favourable towards HPV vaccination (94%), they considered it one of the most challenging vaccinations to get parents to adhere to (82%). A notable percentage of parents have unfavourable opinions towards HPV vaccination (25%). The three main barriers cited by parents of non-vaccinated girls were: the fear of adverse effects, the lack of information, and the fact that the GP did not propose it. Regarding the extension of HPV vaccination to boys, 84 % of GPs would recommend this vaccination to boys if it wa s included in the vaccination schedule, and 88 % of those who did not routinely recommend HPV vaccination to girls would be more likely to offer it to girls if the extension was recommended. PMID:35168764 | DOI:10.1016/j.bulcan.2022.01.005 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis: Otorhinolaryngological Manifestations and Meningeal Involvement

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis: Otorhinolaryngological Manifestations and Meningeal Involvement Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2022 Feb 15:1455613221078180. doi: 10.1177/01455613221078180. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:35168386 | DOI:10.1177/01455613221078180 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Neuroprotective role of insulin-like growth factor 1 in auditory and other nervous systems

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Neuroprotective role of insulin-like growth factor 1 in auditory and other nervous systems Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Histol Histopathol. 2022 Feb 16:18437. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-437. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) exerts an influence on almost every organ system in the body and plays an important role in growth, development, and metabolism. In the nervous system, IGF1 acts by promoting the development and growth of neurons and glial cells, differentiation of Schwann cells and their migration to axons, neurite outgrowth, and neuronal survival. The lack of IGF1 is associated with several pathological conditions, including severe prenatal growth retardation, postnatal growth failure, microcephaly, mental retardation, and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. In addition to its physiological effects, based on the findings of in vivo and in vitro experiments and clinical trials, IGF1 is considered to play a potential role in the treatment of various types of neuronal damage. In this review, we discuss the potential use o f IGF1 as a therapeutic molecule in the nervous system: (1) auditory system, including hair cells, cochlear ribbon synapses, auditory nerve, and central nervous systems, and (2) other peripheral nervous systems, especially the olfactory system and facial nerve. The role of IGF1 in the progression of age-related sensory deficits, especially hearing loss and olfactory dysfunction, is also discussed. Recent studies on IGF1 demonstrated that exogenous IGF1 can be applied in many fields, thus supporting the continued evaluation of IGF1 as a potential therapeutic molecule. Additional scientific investigations should be conducted to further supplement recent findings. PMID:35170014 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-437 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Vax1 rs7078160 polymorphisms and non-syndromic cleft lip

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Vax1 rs7078160 polymorphisms and non-syndromic cleft lip: correspondence Via Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Jan 29:S1808-8694(22)00003-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2022.01.002. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:35168926 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjorl.2022.01.002 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Successful outcomes with flaps for recurrent cerebrospinal fluid leaks: A systematic review of the literature

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Successful outcomes with flaps for recurrent cerebrospinal fluid leaks: A systematic review of the literature Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2022 Jan 22:S1748-6815(22)00036-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.01.022. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Complex back wounds with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak constitute a challenge for surgeons in clinical practice. While repair of complex back wounds with various flaps is well described in the literature, there is a paucity of reviews and articles regarding optimal treatment for refractory CSF leaks. The aim of this systematic review was to present the different flap techniques proposed in the literature for CSF leaks fistulas and pseudo-meningoceles. A systematic review of the literature was conducted using the PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Studies tackling different flap techniques used for spinal or skull base CSF leak were included in the studies. The main outcomes were complications and recurrences after previous failed treatments. Fifteen studies were included in the study, constit uting a cohort of 42 patients (mean age 45 years; F/M ratio 1.15:1). A previous unsuccessful non-flap procedure was proposed in 88.1% of patients for their CSF leak. Only 16.7% had a recurrence of their CSF leak after the flap procedure. Free radial forearm flap and regional muscle flaps were more frequently used in the skull base region. Pedicled omental flaps and reverse turnover latissimus dorsi were the most commonly used flaps in the thoracolumbar region. No statistically significant differences were found between these flaps regarding rates of complications and recurrence. Flaps should be considered as a safe and effective treatment option for complex back wounds with CSF leaks. All proposed flaps in the literature seem to provide an equivalent cure rate for recurrent and refractory leaks. PMID:35168923 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2022.01.022 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Nasopharyngeal Radiation-Induced Sarcoma: A Case Report

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Nasopharyngeal Radiation-Induced Sarcoma: A Case Report Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2022 Feb 16:1455613221079499. doi: 10.1177/01455613221079499. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The primary treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is radiotherapy. In rare cases, patients with NPC treated with radiotherapy may develop radiation-induced sarcoma (RIS), a malignant tumor, in the field of previous radiation. The prognosis is poor, and complete surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment. We report a case of radiation-indu ced nasopharyngeal sarcoma after radiotherapy for NPC with suspected lung and liver metastases in a 69-year-old woman. PMID:35170364 | DOI:10.1177/01455613221079499 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Rosai-Dorfman disease originating from nasal septal mucosa and presenting with nasal dorsum collapse: A case report with literature review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Rosai-Dorfman disease originating from nasal septal mucosa and presenting with nasal dorsum collapse: A case report with literature review Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2022 Feb 16:1455613221079500. doi: 10.1177/01455613221079500. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is an uncommon histiocytic disease with idiopathic etiology and unique pathology. Extra-nodal RDD that occurs in the nasal cavity is extremely unusual and the characteristic clinical features are unknown. Herein, we report a case of nasal septum RDD, with intermittent epistax is from the left nasal cavity, which led to collapse of the nasal bridge. The patient underwent surgical biopsy, and a diagnosis of nasal septum RDD was established. No further treatment was performed. An enlarged mass was found in the second postoperative year which was treated by surgical excision in the third postoperative year. To improve the current diagnostic and therapeutic approach of extra-nodal RDD, we incorporate previous reports from the literature to discuss the pathological characteristics, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and therapy for this rare disease. PMID:35171732 | DOI:10.1177/01 455613221079500 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Early death in supraglottic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A population-based study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Early death in supraglottic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A population-based study Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2022 Feb 16:1455613221078184. doi: 10.1177/01455613221078184. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Supraglottic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the second most common type of laryngeal cancer with a poor prognosis. Current population-based estimates of the early death rate and associated factors for early death of supraglottic LSCC are lacking. The purpose of this study was to assess the early death rate and related factors for early dea th in patients with supraglottic LSCC. METHODS: We identified 3733 adult patients diagnosed with supraglottic LSCC between 2010 and 2017 for whom the vital status at 3 months was known from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Patients were staged according to the seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system. The early death (survival time ≤ 3 months) rate was calculated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors associated with the early death rate. RESULTS: 313 (8.38%) of the 3733 patients died within 3 months of diagnosis of supraglottic LSCC. Of these, 225 patients died from cancer-specific causes. Multivariate logistic regression analyses confirmed that advanced age, male sex, advanced T stage, advanced N stage, advanced M stage, and not undergoing treatment (surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy) had significant c orrelations with all-cause early death in supraglottic LSCC. In addition, advanced age, advanced T stage, advanced N stage, advanced M stage, and not undergoing treatment (surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy) were significantly correlated with cancer specificity in supraglottic LSCC. CONCLUSION: When a tumor is newly diagnosed, we should pay close attention to sex, age, unmarried status and AJCC TNM staging to quickly detect supraglottic LSCC patients with a tendency toward early death. These findings have implications for precise prognosis prediction and individualized and personalized patient counseling and therapy. PMID:35171058 | DOI:10.1177/01455613221078184 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.