Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.
Δευτέρα 30 Ιουλίου 2018
Zinc deficiency and severe protein–energy malnutrition in a child with atopic eczema
Distinct genomic profile and specific targeted drug responses in adult cerebellar glioblastoma
Abstract
Background
Despite extensive efforts on the genomic characterization of gliomas, very few studies have reported the genetic alterations of cerebellar glioblastomas (C-GBM), a rare and lethal disease. Here, we provide a systematic study of C-GBM to better understand the specific genomic features of C-GBM. Methods
We collected a cohort of C-GBM patients and compared patient demographics and tumor pathologies to supratentorial glioblastoma (S-GBM). To uncover the molecular characteristics, we performed DNA- and mRNA-sequencing, and DNA methylation arrays on 19, 6, and 4 C-GBM cases, respectively. Moreover, chemical drug screening was conducted to identify potential therapeutic options for C-GBMs. Results
Despite differing anatomical origins of C-GBM and S-GBM, neither histological, cytological, nor patient demographics appeared significantly different between two types. However, we observed striking differences in mutational patterns including frequent alterations of ATRX, PDGFRA, NF1 and RAS and absence of EGFR alterations in C-GBM. These results show a distinct evolutionary path in C-GBM, suggesting specific therapeutic targeted options. Targeted-drug screening revealed that C-GBMs were more responsive to MEK inhibitor and resistant to EGFR inhibitors than S-GBMs. Also, differential expression analysis indicated that C-GBMs may have originated from oligodendrocyte-progenitor cells, suggesting that different types of cells can undergo malignant transform according to their location in brain. Master regulator analysis with differentially expressed genes between C-GBM and proneural S-GBM revealed NR4A1 as a potential therapeutic target. Conclusions
Our results imply that unique gliomagenesis mechanisms occur in adult cerebellum and new treatment strategies are needed to provide greater therapeutic benefits for C-GBM patients.Coexistencia de lupus eritematoso túmido y lupus eritematoso discoide
Publication date: Available online 30 July 2018
Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas
Author(s): I. Abadías-Granado, J. Sánchez-Bernal, F. Felipo-Berlanga, M. Ara-Martín
Torus palatinus
Publication date: Available online 30 July 2018
Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas
Author(s): E. Rozas-Pérez, C. Bravo, E. Rozas-Muñoz
Pioderma gangrenoso simulando un carcinoma epidermoide
Publication date: Available online 30 July 2018
Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas
Author(s): M. González-Sabín, E. Rodríguez-Díaz, P. Gonzalvo-Rodríguez, I. Astola-Hidalgo
Fibroma blando gigante infartado
Publication date: Available online 30 July 2018
Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas
Author(s): E.C. López-Jiménez, R. Ruiz-Rodríguez, I. Sánchez-Carpintero
What digital wound care could mean for those suffering from wounds
International Wound Journal, Volume 15, Issue 4, Page 501-502, August 2018.
Perception of dermatology by medical students
JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, EarlyView.
Pseudoaneurysms as a possible complication of facial dermatologic surgery
JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, EarlyView.
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum‐like papillary dermal elastolysis in frontal fibrosing alopecia
JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, EarlyView.
Multiple “angiomas” in a 14‐month‐old infant
JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, EarlyView.
Erythematous plaques and tumors on the face and arms
JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, EarlyView.
Mohs micrographic surgery combined local flaps in treatment of EMPD: A retrospective case
Dermatologic Therapy, EarlyView.
Focal multimodality radiation therapy: A promising treatment for recalcitrant Darier disease
Dermatologic Therapy, EarlyView.
21st Chinese Society of Dermatology Annual Meeting, Hefei, Anhui, China
Dermatologic Therapy, EarlyView.
A cost‐effective treatment model in dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa with congenital absence of skin
Dermatologic Therapy, EarlyView.
Textile allergic contact dermatitis caused by occupational exposure—An overlooked condition
Contact Dermatitis, EarlyView.
Non‐oxidative hair dye products on the European market: What do they contain?
Contact Dermatitis, EarlyView.
Isavuconazole for treatment of rare invasive fungal diseases
Mycoses, Volume 61, Issue 8, Page 518-533, August 2018.
Panniculitis in a patient with pathologic complete response to talimogene laherparepvec treatment for recurrent, intransit melanoma
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Gallbladder adenocarcinoma diagnosed from cutaneous metastases occurring along the tract of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
In regard to “a tale of two clones: caldesmon staining in the differentiation of cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms”
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Pediatric Cutaneous T‐Cell Post‐Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Evidence behind the use of molecular tests in melanocytic lesions and practice patterns of these tests by dermatopathologists
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Seronegative Dermatomyositis Presenting with Features of Anti‐MDA5 Subtype
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Clinical and histopathologic manifestations of solid organ transplantation‐associated graft‐versus‐host disease involving the skin: A single‐center retrospective study
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Administration of activated lymphocyte‐derived DNA accelerates and aggravates lupus nephritis in B6/lpr mice: a new approach to modify a lupus murine model
Clinical &Experimental Immunology, EarlyView.
Cerebrospinal fluid findings in reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome: a way to differentiate from cerebral vasculitis?
Clinical &Experimental Immunology, EarlyView.
Skin resident memory CD8+ T cells are phenotypically and functionally distinct from circulating populations and lack immediate cytotoxic function
Clinical &Experimental Immunology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
CRISPR‐based reagents to study the influence of the epigenome on gene expression
Clinical &Experimental Immunology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Diagnostic utility of skin autofluorescence when patch test results are doubtful
Skin Research and Technology, EarlyView.
Revisiting, in vivo, the hair regreasing process by the Sebuprint method
Skin Research and Technology, EarlyView.
Detecting and quantifying activity/inflammation in localized scleroderma with thermal imaging
Skin Research and Technology, EarlyView.
The role of high‐frequency ultrasound in diagnosing myiasis: Report of a case and review of the literature
Skin Research and Technology, EarlyView.
Topographic approach to the long‐term effect of solar exposure on facial skin of Korean automobile commuters
Skin Research and Technology, EarlyView.
Recent advancement in the early detection of melanoma using computerized tools: An image analysis perspective
Skin Research and Technology, EarlyView.
Noninvasive profiling of sweat‐derived lipid mediators for cutaneous research
Skin Research and Technology, EarlyView.
Transepidermal water loss, stratum corneum hydration, and skin surface pH of female African and Caucasian nursing students
Skin Research and Technology, EarlyView.
Quality of life in the management of small vestibular schwannomas: observation, radiotherapy and microsurgery
Clinical Otolaryngology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Otitis Media with Effusion in Nasal Polyposis and Outcomes Following Surgery: a Longitudinal Observational Study
Clinical Otolaryngology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Olfactory bulb neuroplasticity: A prospective cohort study in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Clinical Otolaryngology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Findings on 7000 mri of the iam: To scan or not to scan? : A retrospective cohort study
Clinical Otolaryngology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Measuring otoplasty outcome: Expanding the validity to caregivers’ perspective and to Portuguese‐speaking children
Clinical Otolaryngology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Antibiotic prophylaxis in clean head and neck surgery: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Clinical Otolaryngology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Clinical Outcomes of Exclusive Transcanal Endoscopic Tympanoplasty with Tragal Pericondrium in 129 Patients
Clinical Otolaryngology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Tissue changes over time after polydioxanone thread insertion: An animal study with pigs
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.
Topography of the dorsal nasal artery and its clinical implications for augmentation of the dorsum of the nose
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.
A red pumpkin seed extract reduces melanosome transfer to keratinocytes by activation of Nrf2 signaling
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.
Applications and efficacy of platelet‐rich plasma in dermatology: A clinical review
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.
Perspectives in cosmetic dermatology: What is in front of the mirror?
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.
Assessment of the moisturizing properties of a magnetic mask containing iron oxide particles
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.
Comparison of three strip harvesting technqiues (Haber's, Pathomvanich's and Ahmad's techniques)
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.
Identification and integrated analysis of microRNA expression profiles in keloid
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.
Lipoma removal using a high‐frequency ultrasound‐guided injection of a Class III CE‐marked device—Empirical findings
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.
Antiaging efficacy of a retinaldehyde‐based cream compared with glycolic acid peel sessions: A randomized controlled study
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.
Oral propranolol for infantile hemangiomas beyond the proliferative phase
The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Increase in antinuclear antibody levels through biologic treatment for psoriasis
The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Indeterminate cell histiocytosis presenting as a single nodule of the nose
The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in a patient with Cowden syndrome after radiotherapy for breast cancer
The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Characteristics of multiple basal cell carcinomas: The first study on Japanese patients
The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Effectiveness of etretinate/yokuinin combination therapy for lip squamous cell carcinoma
The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Azathioprine‐induced myelosuppression in two pemphigus vulgaris patients with homozygous polymorphism of NUDT15
The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Cutis laxa for diagnosis of γ1‐heavy‐chain deposition disease: Report of four cases
The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Keratin‐based particles for protection and restoration of hair properties
International Journal of Cosmetic Science, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Predicting Lipstick Sensory Properties with Lab Tests
International Journal of Cosmetic Science, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
An Updated Review of Clinical Methods in the Assessment of Aging Skin ‐ New Perspectives and Evaluation for Claims Support
International Journal of Cosmetic Science, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Serum Level of IL‐4 Predicts Response to Topical Immunotherapy with Diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) in Alopecia Areata
Experimental Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Corneocyte Proteomics: Applications to Skin Biology and Dermatology
Experimental Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
UVB‐inhibited H19 activates the melanogenesis axis by paracrine effects
Experimental Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
RIP4 upregulates CCL20 expression through STAT3 signaling in cultured keratinocytes
Experimental Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
SIG1459: A novel phytyl‐cysteine derived TLR2 modulator with in vitro and clinical anti‐acne activity
Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.
Loss of Gata6 causes dilation of the hair follicle canal and sebaceous duct
Experimental Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Characterization of stem‐like cancer cells in basal cell carcinoma and its surgical margins
Experimental Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Dissociated Skin Cells Regenerate Hair Follicles in a MicroWound, “The Punch Assay”
Experimental Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Ex‐vivo fluorescence confocal microscopy for intraoperative, real time diagnoses of cutaneous inflammatory diseases: a preliminary study
Experimental Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Inactivation of autophagy leads to changes in sebaceous gland morphology and function
Experimental Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
A dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor promotes wound healing in normoglycemic mice by modulating keratinocyte activity
Experimental Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Anthropometric factors and Breslow thickness: prospective data on 2570 cases of cutaneous melanoma in the population‐based Janus Cohort
British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Singlet Oxygen Production By a Crude Oil From the San Jorge Gulf Basin, Argentina
Photochemistry and Photobiology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Coumarin‐based Fluorescent Probes for Selectively Targeting and Imaging the Endoplasmic Reticulum in Mammalian Cells
Photochemistry and Photobiology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Secondary Dark Reactions Following Photodynamic Treatment are More Damaging Than Previously Thought
Photochemistry and Photobiology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Photoluminescence Rainbow From Coelenteramide ‐ A Theoretical Study
Photochemistry and Photobiology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Relapse rates in patients with unilesional primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphoma treated with radiation therapy: a single‐institution experience
British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Patient preferences for topical treatment of actinic keratoses: a discrete‐choice experiment
British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Impact of anti‐interleukin‐17 treatment on cutaneous and genital human papillomavirus infection
British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Polysensitivity in delayed cutaneous adverse drug reactions to macrolides, clindamycin and pristinamycin: clinical history and patch testing
British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Relapse of porphyria cutanea tarda after treatment with phlebotomy or 4‐aminoquinoline antimalarials: a meta‐analysis
British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
The widespread use of topical antimicrobials enriches for resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients with atopic dermatitis
British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Is melanoma mortality declining in Spain? Analysis of trends from 1975 to 2016
British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Pembrolizumab‐associated mucous membrane pemphigoid in a patient with Merkel cell carcinoma
British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Efficacy and safety of ixekizumab in a randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled phase IIIb study of patients with moderate‐to‐severe genital psoriasis
British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Risk of skin cancer in people with vitiligo: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
International Initiative for outcomes (INFO) for vitiligo: Workshops with vitiligo patients on repigmentation
British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Effective sirolimus treatment for refractory spindle cell haemangioma
British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Tasks, competences and educational needs of dermatology health care providers in the public and private sectors.results of the EADV‐NWAG survey in Belgium
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
The use of prp (platelet‐rich plasma) in patients affected by genital lichen sclerosus: clinical analysis and results
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Polymorphisms in melanocortin system and MYG1 genes are associated with vitiligo
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Lichen planus pigmentosus inversus in a Finnish man
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Incidence and characteristics of thick second primary melanomas. A study of the German Central Malignant Melanoma Registry
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
An original exploration of genital lichen sclerosus: the semantic connectivity map
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Enhancing survival of Demodex mites in vitro
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Immune‐regulatory genes as possible modifiers of familial pityriasis rubra pilaris – lessons from a family with PRP and psoriasis
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.
Patients’ needs and psoriasis treatment
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
8% Capsaicin ‐ a hot medicine for neuropathic itch
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Forthcoming Events
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue 8, Page 1391-1391, August 2018.
RASopathic comedone‐like or cystic lesions induced by vemurafenib: a model of skin lesions similar but not identical to those induced by dioxins MADISH
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue 8, Page 1368-1372, August 2018.
Characterizing clinicopathological and immunohistochemical findings in dermatomyositis panniculitis
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue 8, Page 1231-1232, August 2018.
Issue Information
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue 8, Page 1225-1230, August 2018.
Pioneers in dermatology and venereology: An interview with Prof. Jose Maria Mascaro
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue 8, Page 1235-1237, August 2018.
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor signalling in the skin and adverse vemurafenib effects
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue 8, Page 1233-1234, August 2018.
Announcement
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue 8, Page 1392-1392, August 2018.
Adverse events associated with apremilast use and withdrawal for psoriasis in a real‐world setting
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.
Carcinoma de células escamosas grandes a partir de un cuadro de hidradenitis supurativa grave
Publication date: Available online 30 July 2018
Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas
Author(s): T. Miura, M. Ishikawa, T. Mori, Y. Hanami, M. Ohtsuka, T. Yamamoto
Vaccine display on artificial bacterial spores enhances protective efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus infection
Abstract
Spores of Bacillus subtilis are encased in a protein coat composed of ∼80 different proteins. Recently, we reconstituted the basement layer of the coat, composed of two structural proteins (SpoVM and SpoIVA) around spore-sized silica beads encased in a lipid bilayer, to create synthetic spore-like particles termed 'SSHELs'. We demonstrated that SSHELs could display thousands of copies of proteins and small molecules of interest covalently linked to SpoIVA. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of SSHELs in delivering vaccines. We show that intramuscular vaccination of mice with undecorated 1 micron-diameter SSHELs elicited an antibody response against SpoIVA. We further demonstrate that SSHELs covalently modified with a catalytically inactivated staphylococcal alpha toxin variant (HlaH35L), without an adjuvant, resulted in improved protection against S. aureus infection in a bacteremia model as compared to vaccination with the antigen alone. Although vaccination with either HlaH35L or HlaH35L conjugated to SSHELs similarly elicited the production of neutralizing antibodies to Hla, we found that a subset of memory T cells were differentially activated when the antigen was delivered on SSHELs. We propose that the particulate nature of SSHELs elicits a more robust immune response to the vaccine that results in superior protection against subsequent S. aureus infection.The characteristics of Clostridium difficile ST81 (a new PCR ribotype of toxin A- B + strain) with high-level fluoroquinolones resistance and higher sporulation ability, compared to ST37/PCR ribotype 017
Abstract
Antibiotic exposure, Clostridium difficile toxins, and spore formation are key factors involved in the pathogenesis of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). A high incidence of CDI due to toxin A- B + strains, which were classified in to two genotypes (ST81 and ST37) by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), was identified in Beijing friendship hospital in 2016–2017. ST81 was the most prevalent type, accounting for 81.25% of toxin A- B + strains. ST81 corresponded to a novel PCR ribotype PKI-017 with one less band than ST37/ribotype 017 in PCR ribotyping. All ST81 strains showed a high-level of ciprofloxacin resistance (MICs ≥ 64 μg mL−1) and moxifloxacin resistance (MICs ≥ 128 μg mL−1) with the amino acid substitutions Thr82 to Ile in GyrA and Ser416 to Ala in GyrB. There was no mutation or only the single amino acid mutation Thr82 to Ile in the GyrA subunit of ST37/ribotype 017 strains, which had lower MICs of ciprofloxacin (4–64 μg mL−1) and moxifloxacin (4–16 μg mL−1). In addition, ST81 strains exhibited higher spore formation ability than ST37/ribotype 017 strains. Overall, our results indicated that ST81 strains had unique characteristics distinguishable from ST37 strains and emphasized the importance of ongoing surveillance for this new genotype.On display: autotransporter secretion and application
Abstract
The classical monomeric autotransporters are ubiquitously used by Gram-negative bacteria to export virulence and colonization factors to their cell surface or into their surroundings. They are expressed as monomeric proteins that pass the inner and outer membrane in two consecutive steps facilitated by the Sec translocon and the Bam complex, respectively. In this mini-review we discuss how autotransporters translocate their secreted functional domains across the outer membrane. We highlight the interactions with the Bam complex and discuss how specific features of the recently solved structure of Bam lead to a mechanistic model for autotransporter secretion. Furthermore, the autotransporter secretion pathway is the system of choice for surface display of heterologous proteins for biotechnical and biomedical purposes. We summarize recent advances in the application of autotransporters with a focus on outer membrane vesicle vaccine development and discuss its limitations in secreting more complex heterologous proteins. Finally, we present an exciting new technology to circumvent secretion limitations by ligating heterologous proteins of interests to autotransporters that are displayed on the cell surface.Prophylaxe des Vulva- und des Vaginalkarzinoms und ihrer Vorstufen
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Vulva- und Vaginalkarzinome sind zunehmend diagnostizierte Tumorentitäten in Deutschland. Vulva- und Vaginalkarzinome entstehen über zwei unterschiedliche pathogenetische Mechanismen: Zum einen kann eine persistierende Infektion mit dem humanen Papillomvirus (HPV, v. a. Typ 16, 31, 33) über eine undifferenzierte vulväre/vaginale intraepitheliale Neoplasie (VIN/VAIN) zum invasiven Vulva‑/Vaginalkarzinom führen. Diese Tumoren finden sich eher bei jüngeren Frauen. Davon abzugrenzen ist das Vulvakarzinom der älteren Frauen, das auf dem Boden einer chronischen Hauterkrankung (z. B. Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus, LSA) über Mutationen im Tumorsuppressorgen p53 entsteht. Auch beim Vaginalkarzinom ist einer der Risikofaktoren ein Lichen sclerosus oder Lichen planus, diese Tumoren sind HPV-negativ. Daneben gibt es eine ganze Reihe von Tumoren, deren Ursache nicht bekannt ist.
Fragestellung
Gibt es primäre oder sekundäre Präventionsmaßnahmen, die die Entstehung dieser Tumoren verhindern können?
Ergebnisse
Die HPV-induzierten Vulva- und Vaginalkarzinome können zu einem bedeutenden Teil durch eine HPV-Impfung von HPV-naiven Frauen primär verhindert werden. Der nonavalente Impfstoff deckt die relevanten HPV-Typen 16, (18), 31 und 33 mit einer Wirksamkeit von 97 % ab, der bivalente Impfstoff hat eine vergleichbar hohe Effektivität aber nur für HPV16 und HPV18.
Ob das licheninduzierte Vulva‑/Vaginalkarzinom durch eine konsequente lokale Dauertherapie mit Kortison oder Calcineurininhibitoren primär präventiv verhindert werden kann wird diskutiert. Erste Daten, die darauf hindeuten, liegen vor.
Bildgeführte radiologische Interventionen beim HCC
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Bildgeführte Interventionen wie Radiofrequenz- oder Mikrowellenablation, CT-gesteuerte Brachytherapie oder Stereotaxie (SBRT), Chemoembolisation oder Yttrium-90(90Y)-Radioembolisation sind Teil aktueller Leitlinien zur Therapie des hepatozellulären Karzinoms (HCC) und unterliegen beständiger Validierung in aktuellen klinischen Studien.
Ziel
Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der Evidenz und Leitlinienempfehlungen zu den genannten radiologischen, nuklearmedizinischen oder auch strahlentherapeutischen Verfahren.
Ergebnisse
Sowohl lokale Tumorablationen als auch die lokoregionäre Chemoembolisation sind Teil aller wesentlichen Leitlinien zur Behandlung des HCC. Die bildgeführten Tumorablationen im Stadium BCLC A oder auch BCLC 0 stellen sich mittlerweile als gleichwertige Alternative zur chirurgischen Resektion dar, wenn die Patientenselektion entsprechend adaptiert wird. Als lokoregionäre Therapie ist die Chemoembolisation im Stadium BCLC B bei gut erhaltener Leberfunktion und begrenzter Tumorlast Therapiestandard. Zum Einsatz der 90Y-Radioembolisation liegen bei BCLC B keine randomisierten Daten vor. Für BCLC C-Patienten ist die Chemoembolisation nicht indiziert. Als Alternativtherapie bei Systemtherapieversagen oder Kontraindikation für Sorafenib, aber auch mit Blick auf die deutlich verbesserte Verträglichkeit gegenüber Sorafenib kann die 90Y-Radioembolisation erwogen werden.
Update zu uterinen Sarkomen
Zusammenfassung
Uterine Sarkome bilden eine inhomogene Gruppe seltener Tumoren der Uterusmuskulatur. Es sind meist aggressive Neoplasien, die vom uterinen Bindegewebe oder vom endometrialen Stroma ausgehen. Histologisch werden folgende Subtypen unterschieden: das Leiomyosarkom (LMS), das low-grade endometriale Stromasarkom (LG-ESS) und das high-grade endometriale Stromasarkom (HG-ESS) sowie das undifferenzierte Stromasarkom (UES). Die Inzidenz liegt bei 0,5–3,3 pro 100.000 Frauen pro Jahr; insgesamt bilden sie mit 1–2 % nur einen kleinen Anteil der uterinen Malignome. Eine andere Kategorie bilden uterine Sarkome gemischten Ursprungs, wie Adenosarkome, Karzinosarkome (maligne Müller-Mischtumoren) und andere heterologe Sarkome (z. B. Chondrosarkome, Liposarkome, Fibrosarkome etc.). Im Beitrag wird auf das spezifische Management der häufigen Entitäten (LMS, LG-ESS, HG-ESS und UES) Bezug genommen. Im August 2015 wurde die erste Version einer S2k-Leitlinie zu uterinen Sarkomen herausgegeben.
Verhaltensstörung oder Schmerz?
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Bei Menschen mit geistiger Beeinträchtigung werden Schmerzen zu selten und zu spät diagnostiziert. Diese Patienten erhalten trotz größerer Krankheitslast wesentlich weniger Schmerzmittel als Menschen ohne Behinderung.
Ergebnisse
An die Möglichkeit des Vorliegens von Schmerzen zu denken, ist dabei genauso entscheidend wie eine adäquate und sensible Diagnostik. Neben der Nutzung aller Mittel zur Verbesserung der Kommunikation (Erklärungen in leichter Sprache, Arbeiten mit Bildern und Symbolen) ist die Fremdauskunft zusätzlich oder ersatzweise häufig unverzichtbar (Befragung von Nahestehenden, spezielle Assessment-Instrumente). Jede Veränderung des Verhaltens muss als mögliche Ursache von Schmerzen (oder anderen Symptomen) aufmerksam registriert und weiter abgeklärt werden.
Schlussfolgerung
Die Schmerztherapie kann und sollte grundsätzlich wie bei nichtbehinderten Menschen durchgeführt werden, nichtmedikamentöse Maßnahmen stehen dabei im Vordergrund. Die Medikamentengabe sollte wie bei alten Menschen niedrig begonnen und nur langsam gesteigert werden. Mit häufigerem Einsatz von – ggf. auch probatorischer – Schmerztherapie lassen sich viele sog. Verhaltensstörungen adäquat und besser als mit Psychopharmaka behandeln.
Homo faber Revisited: Postphenomenology and Material Engagement Theory
Abstract
Humans, more than any other species, have been altering their paths of development by creating new material forms and by opening up to new possibilities of material engagement. That is, we become constituted through making and using technologies that shape our minds and extend our bodies. We make things which in turn make us. This ongoing dialectic has long been recognised from a deep-time perspective. It also seems natural in the present in view of the ways new materialities and digital ecologies increasingly envelop our everyday life and thinking. Still the basic idea that humans and things are co-constituted continues to challenge us, raising important questions about the place and meaning of materiality and technical change in human life and evolution. This paper bridging perspectives from postphenomenology and Material Engagement Theory (MET) is trying to attain better understanding about these matters. Our emphasis falls specifically on the human predisposition for technological embodiment and creativity. We re-approach the notion Homo faber in a way that, on the one hand, retains the power and value of this notion to signify the primacy of making or creative material engagement in human life and evolution and, on the other hand, reclaims the notion from any misleading connotations of human exceptionalism (other animals make and use tools). In particular, our use of the term Homo faber refers to the special place that this ability has in the evolution and development of our species. The difference that makes the difference is not just the fact that we make things. The difference that makes the difference is the recursive effect that the things that we make and our skills of making seem to have on human becoming. We argue that we are Homo faber not just because we make things but also because we are made by them.
Airborne MRSA and Total Staphylococcus aureus as Associated With Particles of Different Sizes on Pig Farms
Abstract
Airborne methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have previously been found on pig farms, which may lead to nasal deposition of MRSA in humans via inhalation. The anterior nares are the main niche for S. aureus, and S. aureus can cause, e.g. wound infection and pneumonia. The aim of this study was to acquire knowledge about the potential deposition of airborne MRSA, specifically, and of total S. aureus (including both methicillin-sensitive S. aureus and MRSA, in the following called S. aureus) in the different parts of the airways during occupancy on pig farms. Measurements of airborne MRSA and S. aureus were performed on four pig farms using a six and a three-stage sampler during different work tasks, such as high-pressure cleaning and everyday inspection. MRSA were quantified using MRSA-selective agar, and S. aureus were quantified using Staphylococcus selective agar. The identity of the bacteria were confirmed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The geometric mean (GM) concentrations of MRSA and S. aureus were 447 cfu/m3 air and 1.8 × 103 cfu/m3 air, respectively. The highest concentrations of MRSA and S. aureus were found among pigs in a weaner stable and during high-pressure cleaning of an empty stable, respectively. The lowest concentrations of MRSA and S. aureus were found in a stable with sick pigs and in feed-storages, respectively. Most MRSA and S. aureus were associated with particles between 7 and 12 µm. On average, the particle size fractions potentially depositing in the upper airways constituted 70%, in the primary and secondary bronchi 22%, and in the terminal bronchi and alveoli 8% of the inhalable MRSA and S. aureus concentration. Across the sampled areas, the geometric mean diameter (Dg) of particles with MRSA and S. aureus were 7.2 and 6.4 µm, respectively, and no significant difference was found between these Dgs. The Dg of the airborne particles with the studied bacterium was significantly associated with the different locations on the farms. The largest Dgs were found in the air samples from the aisles and on the fence to the pens, while the smallest Dgs were found in samples from the pens among the pigs and in samples taken at greater distances from the pigs: in the hallway, feed-storage, and entry room. In conclusion, airborne MRSA and S. aureus were found in sample fractions potentially depositing in all six parts of the airways. However, the majority was found to potentially deposit in the upper airways. The concentration of airborne MRSA and S. aureus and MRSA, as well as the fraction potentially depositing in the different parts of the airways, depended on the specific work task being performed and the location on the farm.Occupational Exposure to Diesel and Gasoline Engine Exhausts and the Risk of Kidney Cancer in Canadian Men
Abstract
Introduction
Kidney cancer is the fifth most common incident cancer in Canadian men. Diesel and gasoline exhausts are common workplace exposures that have been examined as risk factors for non-lung cancer sites, including the kidney, but limitations in exposure assessment methods have contributed to inconsistent findings. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between occupational gasoline and diesel engine exhausts and the risk of kidney cancer in men. Methods
The National Enhanced Cancer Surveillance System (NECSS) is a Canadian population-based case–control study conducted in 1994–1997. Incident kidney cancer cases were identified using provincial registries, while the control series was identified through random-digit dialing, or provincial administrative databases. Self-reported questionnaires were used to obtain information on lifetime occupational history and cancer risk factors. Two hygienists, blinded to case status, coded occupational histories for diesel and gasoline exhaust exposures using concentration, frequency, duration, and reliability. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) separately by exhaust type. The separate and combined impacts of both engine exhausts were also examined. ORs were adjusted for age, province, body mass index, occupational secondhand smoke exposure, and education. Results
Of the kidney cancer cases (n = 712), 372 (52%) had exposure to both exhausts at some point, and 984 (40%) of the controls (n = 2457) were ever exposed. Workers who had ever been exposed to engine exhausts were more likely to have kidney cancer than those who were never exposed (OR diesel = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.99–1.53; OR gasoline = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.23–1.86). Exposure to gasoline exhaust was consistently associated with kidney cancer in a dose–response manner (P value for trends in highest attained and cumulative exposure both <0.0001). Those men with high cumulative exposure to both gasoline and diesel exhaust had a 76% increased odds of kidney cancer (95% CI = 1.27–2.43). Conclusions
This study provides evidence that occupational gasoline, and to a lesser extent, diesel exhaust exposure may increase the risk of kidney cancer.Importance and Explanatory Relevance: The Case of Mathematical Explanations
Abstract
A way to argue that something (e.g. mathematics, idealizations, moral properties, etc.) plays an explanatory role in science is by linking explanatory relevance with importance in the context of an explanation. The idea is deceptively simple: a part of an explanation is an explanatorily relevant part of that explanation if removing it affects the explanation either by destroying it or by diminishing its explanatory power, i.e. an important part (one that if removed affects the explanation) is an explanatorily relevant part. This can be very useful in many ontological debates. My aim in this paper is twofold. First of all, I will try to assess how this view on explanatory relevance can affect the recent ontological debate in the philosophy of mathematics—as I will argue, contrary to how it may appear at first glance, it does not help very much the mathematical realists. Second of all, I will show that there are big problems with it.
The Gulf War Era Cohort and Biorepository: A Longitudinal Research Resource of Veterans of the 1990-1991 Gulf War Era
Abstract
The United States Department of Veterans Affairs Gulf War Era Cohort and Biorepository (GWECB) is a nationally representative longitudinal cohort of United States Veterans who served during the 1990-1991 Gulf War era. The GWECB combines survey data, such as demographic, health behavior, and environmental exposure data; medical records; and a linked biorepository of blood specimens that can support a broad range of future research regarding health concerns unique to Veterans of this era. To build this resource, the Veterans Affairs Cooperative Studies Program initiated a pilot study (2014-2016) to establish the GWECB and evaluate the processes required to build and maintain the resource. Participants (n=1,275) consented to future sharing of their data and biospecimens for research purposes. We describe the pilot study, including recruitment and enrollment procedures, data collection and management, quality control, and challenges experienced. The GWECB data available to investigators under approved sharing mechanisms, and the procedures for accessing them, are extensively detailed. The study's consenting documents and a website link for the research survey are provided. Our hope is that new research drawing on the GWECB data and biospecimens will result in effective treatments and improved approaches to address the health concerns of Gulf War Era Veterans.A Neuromechanical Model of Larval Chemotaxis
Synopsis
Larval Drosophila move up attractive chemical gradients, and down aversive ones. Although their movement is often characterised as a series of runs and directed turns, it can also be modelled as a continuous modulation of turning extent by the detected change in stimulus intensity as the animal moves through the gradient. We show that a neuromechanical model of peristaltic crawling and spontaneous bending in the larva can be adapted to produce taxis behaviour by the simple addition of a local segmental reflex to modulate transverse viscosity (or 'bendiness') proportionally to the intensity change detected in the head. Altering the gain produces weaker or stronger, negative or positive taxis, with behavioural statistics that qualitatively match the larva.Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery in Patients 100 Years and Older
Purpose: The centenarian population is growing and ophthalmic plastic surgeons are providing care to an increasing number of elderly patients. Outcomes of centenarians have not been previously studied in the ophthalmic plastic surgery literature. The goal of the current review was to examine the baseline characteristics, surgical problems, and outcomes of this select group of patients. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed. Patients who underwent ophthalmic plastic surgery at age 100 or older between January 2000 and June 2016 by a member of the New England Oculoplastics Society were included in the study. Results: Fifteen patients met inclusion criteria. The majority (66%) were female. More than half (60%) presented with a surgical problem of an urgent nature. Most disorders involved the lacrimal system or eyelids, and many were the result of trauma or infection. There were no cases of orbital tumor or thyroid eye disease. There were no surgical or anesthesia-related complications. Most patients (80%) had no documented history of dementia, and only 1 was diabetic. Notably, 33% of patients presented with no light perception vision in at least 1 eye. Conclusions: Ophthalmic plastic surgery can be performed safely in select patients 100 years of age and older. Formal prospective studies are needed to improve surgical care in this group. Accepted for publication May 24, 2018. N.W. is supported by a Heed Ophthalmic Fellowship. The authors have no financial or conflicts of interest to disclose. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Suzanne K. Freitag, MD, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114. E-mail: suzanne_freitag@meei.harvard.edu © 2018 by The American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Inc., All rights reserved.
Minimally Invasive Corneal Neurotization With Acellular Nerve Allograft: Surgical Technique and Clinical Outcomes
Purpose: To describe a minimally invasive surgical technique and its clinical outcomes with the use of acellular nerve allograft to re-establish corneal sensibility in patients with neurotrophic keratopathy. Methods: Acellular nerve allograft was coapted to an intact supraorbital, supratrochlear, or infraorbital nerve and transferred to the affected eye. Donor nerve pedicles were isolated through a transpalpebral or transconjunctival approach. Retrospective evaluation of preoperative and postoperative corneal sensibility, ocular surface, and best-corrected visual acuity was performed in all patients. Mean follow-up period was 6 months (range: 3–10 months). Results: Corneal neurotization with acellular nerve allograft was successfully performed in 7 patients with restoration of corneal sensibility and corneal epithelial integrity. In vivo confocal microscopy demonstrated increased nerve density in corneal stroma at 4 months after surgery. Conclusions: The use of acellular nerve allograft allows for a minimally invasive approach to successful corneal neurotization. Accepted for publication June 5, 2018. The authors have no financial or conflicts of interest to disclose. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Ilya M. Leyngold, M.D., Duke Aesthetic Center, DUMC 3810, Durham, NC 27710. E-mail: ileyngo1@gmail.com © 2018 by The American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Inc., All rights reserved.
Endonasal Approach to Orbital Pathology
Purpose: Transnasal endoscopic orbital surgery in an emerging surgical field. The surgical field has expanded from orbital decompression to excision of tumours from the medial orbit and over the last 20 years. As instrumentation has improved, the nature, location and size of tumours being excised has changed. Methods: This article discusses the salient surgical considerations when approaching an orbital lesion via a transnasal endoscopic route and reviews the literature. Results: An endonasal approach offers a potential space surgeons can utilise to access the orbit, possibly providing additional exposure, illumination and magnification to the medial and apical aspects of selected lesions. Conclusions: An endonasal approach may be useful as a sole or adjunctive approach in selected cases of orbital tumour excision. Accepted for publication June 5, 2018. The authors have no financial or conflicts of interest to disclose. Address correspondence and reprint requests to David S. Curragh, F.R.C. OPHTH., Ophthalmology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Port Road, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia. E-mail: davidcurragh@hotmail.com © 2018 by The American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Inc., All rights reserved.
Secretory Carcinoma of the Lacrimal Gland: A Rare Case Report
Secretory carcinoma is a salivary gland malignancy that recapitulates secretory carcinoma of the breast, along with its shared ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusion. Characterization of histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic features of this neoplasm has led to reclassification of a heterogeneous group of salivary gland carcinomas as secretory carcinoma and to identification of this neoplasm in other gland-containing tissues. The authors describe a 52-year-old man who presented with a 2-week history of diplopia and a well-circumscribed right orbital mass. The tumor was resected via lateral orbitotomy approach. Pathologic evaluation demonstrated secretory carcinoma, previously not described in the main lacrimal gland. Recognition of lacrimal gland secretory carcinoma may lead to reappraisal of morphologically similar, but biologically heterogeneous lacrimal gland neoplasms, providing an insight into this tumor's clinical presentation and prognosis. Accurate diagnosis of this malignancy has important management and prognostic implications, particularly with emergence of targeted therapies. Accepted for publication May 24, 2018. Ethics: The Institution Ethics Review Committee approval was waved for this retrospective case report study. The study was performed in compliance with the tenets of Declaration of Helsinki. The authors have no financial or conflicts of interest to disclose. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Tatyana Milman, M.D., Ophthalmology and Pathology, Wills Eye Hospital and Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 840 Walnut Street, Suite 1410, Philadelphia, PA 19107. E-mail: tmilman@willseye.org. © 2018 by The American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Inc., All rights reserved.
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Publication date: Available online 25 July 2018 Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology Author(s): Marco Ballestr...
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Editorial AJR Reviewers: Heartfelt Thanks From the Editors and Staff Thomas H. Berquist 1 Share + Affiliation: Citation: American Journal...
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Publication date: Available online 28 September 2017 Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas Author(s): F.J. Navarro-Triviño
