Bilateral asymmetry in bullfrog testes and fat bodies: correlations with steroidogenic activity, mast cells number and structural proteins

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Bilateral asymmetry in bullfrog testes and fat bodies: correlations with steroidogenic activity, mast cells number and structural proteins Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2022 Mar 11;124(3):151873. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151873. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT In seasonal breeders, such as amphibians, testicular functions depend on complex processes that change according to seasonality, including Leydig cell (LC) differentiation and lipid-dependent steroidogenesis, extracellular proteins remodeling and actin-dependent cellular dynamics. Speculating that fat bodies (FB) could support some of these processes in L. catesbeian us, we evaluated bilaterally the FB weights, correlating them to testicular parameters such as weight, testosterone (T) immunoexpression, mast cells (MC) number, vascularization and structural proteins. In an attempt to better understand the testicular asymmetry in amphibians, correlations between these different testicular parameters were also established. Right testes (RT), left testes (LT) and associated FB of bullfrogs were weighed, and testes were processed for light and transmission electron microscopy. Collagen content (COL) and MC number were quantified. T and actin immunoexpressions and vascular areas were measured. Statistical analyses and Pearson's correlation were performed. The LT and its associated FB were heavier than the right ones, and showed intense T and actin immunoexpressions, numerous lipid-rich LC, and greater MC number, COL and vascularization than the RT. Positive correlations were detected between: a) FB and testis weights, b) T immunoexpression and testis and FB weights, c) T and actin immunoexpressions and COL. Otherwise, MC number was inversely correlated to T immunoexpression and COL. In right and left sides, the proportional correlation between T immunoexpression and FB weight suggests that FB-stored lipid amount depends on the steroidogenic demand of its associated testis. Thus, the asymmetry in the testes and FB may be associated, at least in part, to the LC steroidogenic activity, which tends to be more intense in LT than in RT. The results also point to a role of COL and mast cells in the LC differentiation and steroidogenesis. Actin was also greater in LT and correlated with T immunoexpression, indicating that the amount of this structural protein depends on androgenic control. Therefore, the testicular asymmetry in bullfrogs seems to be associated to different morphofunctional processes occurring, bilaterally, at different intensities. In this case, there is a tendency of LT, in association with its FB, to be more active th an RT. The findings highlight the FB-testis interplay for the comprehension of reproduction in amphibians. PMID:35287007 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151873 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Coblation intracapsular tonsillectomy: a cohort study of NHS practice in England using Hospital Episode Statistics

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Coblation intracapsular tonsillectomy: a cohort study of NHS practice in England using Hospital Episode Statistics Via Clinical Otolaryngology Abstract Objectives To identify paediatric intracapsular Coblation tonsillectomy procedures from routine administrative data in England, and determine their safety. Design Retrospective observational cohort study of four ENT centres using routine data from Hospital Episode Statistics (HES). Setting Acute NHS trusts in England conducting exclusively intracapsular Coblation tonsillectomy Participants Children (≤16 years old) undergoing bilateral intracapsular Coblation tonsillectomy Main outcome measures Number of procedures, readmissions for pain, readmissions for bleeding and requirement for additional surgery for regrowth. Results 5525 procedures were identified. The median patient age was 4 (IQR 2-5). In-hospital complications occurred in 1%, with 0.1% returning to theatre for arrest of primary tonsil bleeding. Almost half of the procedures were conducted as a day-case (44%), with only a small proportion staying in hospital more than one night (7%). Within 28 days, 1.2% of patients were readmitted with bleeding, 0.7% with infection and 0.3% with pain. 0.2% of patients required return to theatre for control of secondary haemorrhage. Longitudinal follow-up has found that revision tonsil surgery is 0.3% at 1 year (n=4498), 1.1% at 2 years (n=2938), 1.7% at 3 years (n=1781), 1.9% at 4 years (n=905), 2.2% at 5 years (n=305) Conclusions Intracapsular coblation tonsillectomy safety outcomes in this study show primary and secondary bleed rates and emergency return to theatre rates are lower than all tonsillectomy techniques reported in the National Prospective Tonsillectomy Audit and also lower than previously published Hospital Episode Statistics analysis of tonsillectomy procedures. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

CircEIF5 contributes to hyperproliferation and inflammation of keratinocytes in psoriasis via p‐NFκB and p‐STAT3 signaling pathway

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader CircEIF5 contributes to hyperproliferation and inflammation of keratinocytes in psoriasis via p‐NFκB and p‐STAT3 signaling pathway Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Psoriasis is a chronic, immune mediated skin disease accompanied by hyperproliferation and inflammation of keratinocytes. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) as new players regulating the development of psoriasis have been reported in recent years. However, its mechanism has not yet been fully revealed. In this study we identified that hsa_circ_0033469 (circEIF5) was highly expressed in psoriasis tissues compared to the normal skin. We investigated the functional roles of circEIF5 in proliferation and inflammatory of HaCat cells under M5-stimulated inflammatory condition. By using a approach of knockdown and overexpression of circEIF5, we showed that circEIF5 could promote proliferation by facilitating the G1/S transition and increase secretion of chemokines in HaCat cells. These moderating effects of circEIF5 were associated with the activating of the NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways. Moreover, NF-κB and STAT3 inhibition abrogated circEIF5 induced promotion of cell proliferation and che mokine secretion. These results indicated that through NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways, circEIF5 regulated the proliferation and chemokine secretion of HaCat cells and contributed to the pathogenesis of psoriasis, which might become a potent target for psoriasis treatment. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Preservation, reconstruction, and rehabilitation of the facial nerve

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Preservation, reconstruction, and rehabilitation of the facial nerve Via hno HNO. 2022 Mar 14. doi: 10.1007/s00106-022-01148-y. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Handling of the facial nerve during surgery for parotid cancer is relevant for the patient's long-term quality of life. In about two thirds of cases, the facial nerve is not affected by the tumor. In these cases, in addition to complete tumor resection, identification and preservation of the facial nerve are important components of a successful operation. If the nerve is infiltrated by the tum or, the affected part must be resected during radical parotidectomy. When possible, primary nerve reconstruction leads to the best long-term cosmetic and functional outcomes. Individual selection of the optimal treatment concept is based on clinical examination of facial muscle mobility, preoperative imaging to understand the positional relationship between tumor and nerve, and on the basis of an electrophysiological examination of nerve function. Intraoperatively, standardized dissection helps to identify and preserve the facial nerve. If radical parotidectomy is indicated, in addition to one-step reconstruction, preoperative diagnostic tests can help to plan postoperative adjuvant therapy. The aim of rehabilitation is restoration of facial tone, facial symmetry, and movement of the paralyzed face. Restoration of eye closure is of high importance. The surgical treatment of facial paralysis has seen many improvements in recent years. The present work provides an overview of the most recent advances in diagnostics, surgical techniques, and further possibilities for preventing damage to the normal facial nerve during parotid cancer treatment. Furthermore, the options for rehabilitation of the tumor-infiltrated facial nerve in the context of treatment of salivary gland malignancies are described. PMID:35288765 | DOI:10.1007/s00106-022-01148-y View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Endoscopic Treatment of Sellar Arachnoid Cysts via a Simple Cyst-Opening Technique: Long-Term Outcomes From a Single Center

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Endoscopic Treatment of Sellar Arachnoid Cysts via a Simple Cyst-Opening Technique: Long-Term Outcomes From a Single Center Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid World Neurosurg. 2022 Feb 23:S1878-8750(22)00219-4. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.02.072. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Sellar arachnoid cysts (SACs) are rare lesions that require treatment only if symptomatic. The endoscopic endonasal approach has been widely used. Despite their simple cystic appearance and the straight-forward surgical intervention, important associated risks exist, with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak the prevalent risk. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patients with pathologically confirmed SAC between January 2006 and December 2019 was conducted. A homogeneous simple cyst-opening technique and skull base reconstruction with nasoseptal flaps was used. RESULTS: A total of 10 patients were identified (7 women and 3 men; median age, 54.5 years; range, 20-77 years). Of the 10 patients, 8 had had newly diagnosed SACs and 2 patients had had recurrence from a previously microsurgically fenestrated SAC. Ei ght patients had presented with visual symptoms, one with visual symptoms and fatigue, and one with intractable headaches. Neuro-ophthalmological and endocrinological assessments had revealed visual field deficits in 6, visual acuity decline in 5, and hypopituitarism in 2 patients. The median calculated volume was 1.71 mL (range, 0.27-2.54 mL). Postoperatively, no CSF leak and no further surgical complications were noted. The visual field had improved in 4 of 6 patients and visual acuity had improved in 4 of 5 patients. Anterior pituitary function had improved in 1, worsened in 1, and remained stable in 8 patients. One patient had developed diabetes insipidus. One recurrence was recorded at 54 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: The results from the present study have shown that SACs can be effectively treated using a simple cyst-opening technique. The routine use of nasoseptal flaps significantly reduced the risk of CSF leakage without compromising nasal quality of life in t he long term or mandating additional incisions. Long-term follow-up is important to monitor for late recurrence. PMID:35217229 | DOI:10.1016/j.wneu.2022.02.072 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Local estrogen for nonsurgical recontouring of auricular cartilage

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Local estrogen for nonsurgical recontouring of auricular cartilage Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2022 Feb 18:S1748-6815(22)00073-0. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.02.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: 5% of children are born with auricular deformities. Permanent recontouring can be achieved through splinting during early infancy. Beyond this time, splinting is ineffective, and patients require surgical correction. Neonatal cartilage malleability is hypothesized to be secondary to retained maternal estrogens, increasing hyaluronic acid concentration. In this article, we evaluate the efficacy of local estrogen treatments for the nonsurgical recontouring of mature auricular cartilage. METHODS: Ears of New Zealand rabbits were folded and splinted and then were randomly assigned to an experimental group, n = 10 (injected estrogen, topical estrogen, saline, or untreated). Treatment ears received injected estrogen or saline twice weekly or topical estrogen daily for 4 weeks. Two weeks post-t reatment, splints were removed, and ear angles were measured. Biopsies were taken for histologic and mechanical analysis, and systemic estrogen levels were assayed. RESULTS: Ear angles stabilized by 9 days post-splinting. Topical estrogen led to a significantly smaller resting angle (121.6° ± 13.5°) compared with saline and control (135.9° ± 11.2° and 145.3° ± 13.0°, respectively). Injected estrogen led to the most pronounced angle decrease (64.5° ± 35.3°). Ears injected with estrogen also showed a significant increase in cartilage thickness. Hyaluronic acid concentration was increased in both estrogen treatment groups compared with saline. At 3 weeks post-treatment, there was no significant differences in the elastic modulus of the cartilage or serum estrogen levels among the groups. CONCLUSION: Results show the potential result of local estrogen treatment to achieve a stable nonsurgical remodeling of mature auricular cartilage. Further study is needed to ev aluate the molecular mechanism and improve the transdermal estrogen delivery to optimize treatment regimen. PMID:35288037 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2022.02.002 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Biodegradation of poly(L-lactic acid) and poly(epsilon-caprolactone) patches by human amniotic fluid in an in-vitro simulated fetal environment

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Biodegradation of poly(L-lactic acid) and poly(epsilon-caprolactone) patches by human amniotic fluid in an in-vitro simulated fetal environment Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 10;12(1):3950. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-07681-8. ABSTRACT Open spina bifida or myelomeningocele (MMC) is a devastating neurologic congenital defect characterized by primary failure of neural tube closure of the spinal column during the embryologic period. Cerebrospinal fluid leak caused by the MMC spinal defect in the developing fetus can result in a constellation of encephalic anomalies that include hindbrain herniation and hydrocephalus. The exposure of extruded spinal cord to amniotic fluid also poses a significant risk for inducing partial or complete paralysis of the body parts beneath the spinal aperture by progressive spinal cord damage in-utero. A randomized trial demonstrated that prenatal repair by fetal surgery, sometimes using patches, to cover the exposed spinal cord with a watertight barrier is effective in reducing the postnatal neurologic morbidity as evidenced by decreased incidence and severity of postnatal hydrocephalus and the reduced need for ventricular-peritoneal shunting. Currently, the use of inert or collagen-based patches are associated with high costs and inadequate structural properties. Specifically, the inert patches do not degrade after implantation, causing the need for a post-natal removal surgery associated with trauma for the newborn. Our present study is aimed towards in-vitro degradation studies of a newly designed patch, which potentially can serve as a superior alternative to existing patches for MMC repair. This novel patch was fabricated by blending poly(L-lactic acid) and poly(ε-caprolactone). The 16-week degradation study in amniotic fluid was focused on tracking changes in crystallinity and mechanical properties. An additional set of designed patches was exposed to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), as a time-paired control. Crystallinity studies indicate the progress of hydrolytic degradation of the patch in both media, with a preference to bulk erosion in ph osphate buffered saline and surface erosion in amniotic fluid. Mechanical testing results establish that patch integrity is not compromised up to 16 weeks of exposure either to body fluids analog (PBS) or to amniotic fluid. PMID:35273223 | PMC:PMC8913814 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-022-07681-8 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Posterior fossa chronic subdural hematoma associated with supratentorial chronic subdural hematoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Posterior fossa chronic subdural hematoma associated with supratentorial chronic subdural hematoma Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid World Neurosurg. 2022 Mar 11:S1878-8750(22)00298-4. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.03.017. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) in the posterior fossa has until now been reported in only 16 patients. This study clarified the frequency and characteristics of the posterior fossa CSDH through the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with supratentorial CSDH. METHODS: We retrospectively examined presurgical MRI findings in patients with supratentorial CSDH who underwent surgery between 2006 and 2020. RESULTS: MRI revealed posterior fossa CSDH in 24 (7.3%) of 329 patients. Multivariable analyses demonstrated that anticoagulant treatment (p = 0.033, odds ratio [OR] 3.53), cerebrospinal fluid leak (p = 0.001, OR 18.5), and lack of prior trauma 3 weeks or more before admission (p = 0.027, OR 3.03) were risk factors of posterior fossa CSDH. Computed tomography could not show the hematomas in 20 patients (83.3%). All the posterior fossa CSDHs improved after supratentorial CSDH drainage. CONCLUSIONS: Posterior fossa CSDH was observed on MRI in a minority of patients with supratentorial CSDH. Although most patients with posterior fossa CSDH had good outcomes, large posterior fossa CSDH sometimes must be treated surgically, according to previous reports. PMID:35288358 | DOI:10.1016/j.wneu.2022.03.017 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Management of Graves' hyperthyroidism: present and future

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Management of Graves' hyperthyroidism: present and future Via radioactive iodine Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2022 Mar 14:1-14. doi: 10.1080/17446651.2022.2052044. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Graves' disease (GD) is an autoimmune disorder due to loss of tolerance to the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) and ultimately caused by stimulatory TSHR antibodies (TSHR-Ab). GD may be associated with extrathyroidal manifestations, mainly Graves' orbitopathy. Treatment of GD relies on antithyroid drugs (ATDs), radioactive iodine (RAI), thyroidectomy. The major ATD limitation is the high recurrence rate after treatment. The major drawback of RAI and thyroidectomy is the inevitable development of permanent hypothyroidism. AREAS COVERED: Original articles, clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses from 1980 to 2021 were searched using the following terms: Graves' disease, management of Graves' disease, antithyroid drugs, radioactive iodine, thyroidectomy, Graves' orbitopathy, thyroid-eye disease. EXPERT OPINION: ATDs are the first-line treatment worldwide, are overall safe and usually given for 18-24 months, long-term treatment may decrease relapses. RAI is safe, although associated with a low risk of GO progression, particularly in smokers. Thyroidectomy requires skilled and high-volume surgeons. Patients play a central role in the choice of treatment within a shared decision-making process. Results from targeted therapies acting on different steps of the autoimmune process, including iscalimab, ATX-GD-59, rituximab, b locking TSHR-Ab, small molecules acting as antagonists of the TSHR, are preliminary or preclinical, but promising in medium-to-long perspective. PMID:35287535 | DOI:10.1080/17446651.2022.2052044 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Trends in the Management of Localized Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Trends in the Management of Localized Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in the United States (2000–2018) Via liebertpub1 Thyroid, Ahead of Print. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Detection of Vocal Fold Image Obstructions in High-Speed Videoendoscopy During Connected Speech in Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia: A Convolutional Neural Networks Approach

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Detection of Vocal Fold Image Obstructions in High-Speed Videoendoscopy During Connected Speech in Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia: A Convolutional Neural Networks Approach Via Journal of Voice Adductor spasmodic dysphonia (AdSD) is a neurogenic voice disorder, affecting the intrinsic laryngeal muscle control. AdSD leads to involuntary laryngeal spasms and only reveals during connected speech. Laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy (HSV) coupled with a flexible fiberoptic endoscope provides a unique opportunity to study voice production and visualize the vocal fold vibrations in AdSD during speech. The goal of this study is to automatically detect instances during which the image of the vocal folds is optically obstructed in HSV recordings obtained during connected speech. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.