Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis: 09/02/18

Κυριακή 2 Σεπτεμβρίου 2018

A novel case of an aggressive superficial spindle cell sarcoma in an adult resembling fibrosarcomatous dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and harboring an EML4‐NTRK3 fusion

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

Mycobacterium abscessus infection following penetrations through wetsuits

Australasian Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.

Adjuvant treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis in adults by a herbal combination: Open German trial and review of the literature

Dermatologic Therapy, EarlyView.

Sudanese Association of Dermatologists Special Meeting, Khartoum, Sudan

Dermatologic Therapy, EarlyView.

Demethylation and epigenetic modification with 5-Azacytidine reduces IDH1 mutant glioma growth in combination with Temozolomide

Abstract

Background

Isocitrate Deyhydrogenase (IDH) mutant gliomas are comprised of the majority of grade II-III gliomas and nearly all secondary glioblastomas. These progressive gliomas arise from mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 that pathologically produces D-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). 2-HG interferes with cell reactions using alpha ketoglutarate leading to a hypermethylated genome and epigenetic dysregulation of gene expression initiating tumorigenesis.

Methods

Human IDH1 WT and IDH1R132H cell lines and patient derived xenografts (PDX) were used to evaluate the FDA-approved DNA demethylating agent 5-Azacytidine (5-Aza). Cell growth, protein and gene expression, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and nucleosome position assays were performed in 5-Aza treated cells. To evaluate antitumor activity in vivo, 5-Aza was administered alone and in combination with Temozolomide (TMZ) in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) glioma models harboring IDH1R132H mutation.

Results

5-Aza treatment has been found to reduce cell growth and increase Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and nucleosome position assay showed that the mechanism of increased GFAP expression induction is associated with histone modification and nucleosome repositioning of the GFAP promoter, respectively. In vivo, 5-Aza treatment extended survival in IDH1R132H mutant, but not in an IDH1 WT glioma model. Additionally, 5-Aza enhances the therapeutic effect of DNA damaging agent TMZ in both subcutaneous and orthotopic PDX models of IDH1R132H mutant glioma.

Conclusion

5-Aza provides a survival benefit as a single agent but worked best in combination with TMZ in two different IDH1R132H mutant glioma models.

Issue Information

The Journal of Dermatology, Volume 45, Issue 9, Page 1147-1147, September 2018.

Possible contribution of autophagy in pyogenic granuloma

The Journal of Dermatology, Volume 45, Issue 9, Page 1145-1146, September 2018.

Issue Information

The Journal of Dermatology, Volume 45, Issue 9, Page i, 1029-1030, September 2018.

Kératodermie acrale symétrique : responsabilité de mutations d’un facteur de transcription

Publication date: Available online 1 September 2018

Source: Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie

Author(s): O. Dereure

Consensus research priorities for facial palsy: a Delphi survey of patients, carers, clinicians and researchers

Publication date: Available online 1 September 2018

Source: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery

Author(s): C Hamlet, N Rumsey, H Williamson, K Johnson, C Nduka

Abstract

Despite the potential negative impact of facial palsy, major gaps in understanding persist surrounding the treatment and care of those affected. This collaborative three-round Delphi process aimed to identify priorities for future facial palsy research, from the perspective of clinicians, researchers, patients and carers. It also determined whether the research priorities of patients and carers aligned with those of health professionals and researchers.

In Round one participants (n=85) were asked to generate research questions via focus groups or an online or postal survey. In Rounds two (n=72) and three (n=78) participants were asked to rate the priorities identified on a 5 point ordinal scale.

36 questions reached the definition of "high priority" consensus. Seven of each groups' top ten research priorities were shared. Prioritised questions included the provision and pathways of care, the psychosocial impact of living with facial palsy and the effective management of side-effects.

Establishing the research priorities in the field of facial palsy is a significant first step in ensuring the future research agenda is focussed on topics that are considered important by both patients and health professionals.

Granuloma Annulare’s Triangular Association with Malignancy

Publication date: Available online 1 September 2018

Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

Author(s): Warren R. Heymann

Protective effect of Thai silk extracts on drug-induced phototoxicity in human epidermal A431 cells and a reconstructed human epidermis model

Publication date: Available online 1 September 2018

Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

Author(s): Apiwan Rosena, Thongchai Koobkokkruad, Waleewan Eaknai, Phichaporn Bunwatcharaphansakun, Rawiwan Maniratanachote, Sasitorn Aueviriyavit

Abstract

Bombyx mori silk extracts, derived from the cocoon degumming process of draw and dye silk in the textile industry, are mainly composed of sericin protein. To add value to the Thai silk extracts, and hence the silk industry, a simple enrichment process was recently developed and the enriched silk extracts were then applied in nano-cosmeceutical products and nano-delivery systems. In this study, the protective effect of Thai silk extracts from three different strains of Bombyx mori on the drug-induced phototoxicity was evaluated in vitro using chlorpromazine (CPZ), a commonly used antipsychotic drug, as a representative phototoxic drug. The human epidermal A431 cell line and reconstructed human epidermis (RhE) model were used as the in vitro skin model. The silk extracts significantly improved the viability of A431 cells after CPZ exposure and ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation, as shown by the significantly increased CPZ and UVA IC₅₀ values and the decreased proportion of apoptotic cells. The protective effect of these silk extracts against the CPZ-induced UVA-phototoxicity in A431 cells was associated with the attenuation of intracellular oxidative stress via an increased intracellular glutathione level. Likewise, the silk extracts exhibited a protective effect on the CPZ-induced UVA-phototoxicity in the RhE model, in terms of an improved tissue viability and attenuation of the released inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1α. These findings support the potential usefulness of silk extracts in novel applications, especially in the protection of drug-induced phototoxicity.

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Cadmium selenide quantum dot-zinc oxide composite: Synthesis, characterization, dye removal ability with UV irradiation, and antibacterial activity as a safe and high-performance photocatalyst

Publication date: Available online 1 September 2018

Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

Author(s): Niyaz Mohammad Mahmoodi, Behzad Karimi, Mahmoud Mazarji, Hassan Moghtaderi

Abstract

In this paper, cadmium selenide quantum dot (CdSe QD)-zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocomposite (CdSe QD-ZnO) was synthesized and characterized and its photocatalytic dye degradation ability was investigated. The XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, AFM and SEM were used to characterize the synthesized nanomaterials. The correlation coefficient of pseudo-first-order kinetic reaction is 0.98. The rate constants from 20 to 30 mg/L of pollutant concentrations was reduced by the order of 0.9. The temporal change in dye concentration reduces as the photocatalyst dosage increase up to optimum value of 0.04 g/L, then beyond that value the increase in the dosage becomes detrimental. Antibacterial activity of the synthesized nanocomposite as a safe photocatalyst was studied in details. Antibacterial activity of as prepared samples was also examined against Escherichia coli (E. coli). For in vitro study, Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was utilized for the modeling of toxicity of each as prepared samples as representative of human normal cell line. In vivo study was conducted using leeches (Hirudo orientalis). In the presence of ethanol as hydroxyl radical (OH rad ) scavenger, the removal efficiency significantly depresses compared to the di methyl sulfoxide as electron scavengers suggesting OH rad possesses a major role in photocatalytic BR18 decolorization. By coupling with CdSe QD, the zone of inhibition was greatly increased suggesting the size dependent inactivation of E. coli. The results present that the composite had no significant effect on the proliferation of HUVEC normal cells. In addition, the treatment of cells with ZnO and the composite do not impact on the cell morphology.