Anthropometric risk factors for ovarian cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Anthropometric risk factors for ovarian cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study Via Latest Results for Cancer/ /Causes/ / Abstract Objective Identifying potentially modifiable risk factors for ovarian cancer is essential for prevention because this cancer is predominantly detected at a late stage. Here, we estimated the relations of general adiposity and measures reflecting body fat distribution to the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods We ascertained 683 ovarian epithelial cancers (343 high-grade serous, 141 non-high grade serous) among 145,575 women, aged 50–72 years (median follow-up 12.6 years), from the National Institutes of Health—American Association of Retired Persons (NIH-AARP) Diet and Health Study. Using Cox models, we estimated confounder-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations of overall ovarian cancer, high-grade serous and non-high-grade serous carcinoma with body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist–hip ratio, waist–height ratio, body adiposity index, body shape index, and abdominal volume index. Results Anthropometric measures were unrelated to overall ovarian cancer, high-grade serous cancer, and non-high-grade serous cancer. For example, the HR for overall ovarian cancer per standard deviation increment of body mass index at baseline was 0.98 (95% CI 0.88–1.10). Similar associations were observed with measurements of body fat distribution. Conclusion These results do not indicate that adult adiposity is associated with ovarian cancer risk in post-menopausal women. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Controlled Accuracy-Based Recursive Algorithm for Approximation of Sigmoid Activation

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A Controlled Accuracy-Based Recursive Algorithm for Approximation of Sigmoid Activation Via Latest Results for National Academy Science Letters Abstract The sigmoid activation function is widely used in the development of neural networks. It is implemented in hardware development using an approximation scheme. In this paper, a piecewise linear (PWL) approximation scheme is developed as an accuracy controlled recursive algorithm. It uses a maximum allowable error as an input parameter and the least square method for finding the PWL function. The algorithm's accuracy is calculated with an absolute average and maximum error and compared to the state of the art. The approximation scheme's hardware implementation complexity is compared in terms of the number of PWL functions required. Results show that the proposed algorithm requires comparatively fewer PWL functions for the approximate sigmoid function for the specified accuracy. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Die dentogene Sinusitis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Die dentogene Sinusitis Via Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie Laryngorhinootologie DOI: 10.1055/a-1339-1606 In den letzten Jahren wird eine steigende Anzahl odontogener Entzündungen der Kieferhöhle beobachtet. Voraussetzung für eine bakterielle Infektion der Kieferhöhle ist die Perforation der Schneider'schen Membran. Pathogenetisch ist die ostiomeatale Einheit durch die vom Kieferhöhlenboden aufsteigende Infektion erst sekundär involviert. Wichtig sind neben der Anamnese bildgebende Verfahren, wobei der hochauflösenden CT und der DVT wegen der 3-dimensionalen Auflösung eine besondere Aufgabe zukommt. Eine zahnärztliche Röntgenaufnahme oder eine zahnärztliche Untersuchung zur Diagnostik ist in vielen Fällen nicht ausreichend. Aufgrund der Anatomie sind vor allem die Molaren al s Auslöser einer dentogenen Sinusitis anzusehen. Das Keimspektrum ist polymikrobiell mit einer Dominanz von Anaerobiern. Therapeutisch favorisieren wir die 1-zeitige Operation mit Sanierung des zugrunde liegenden Prozesses und funktioneller Nebenhöhlenchirurgie. Auch in der Implantologie kann die funktionelle Nebenhöhlenchirurgie einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Sanierung entzündlicher Komplikationen leisten. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

GREB1L, CRELD2 and ITGA10 expression in the human developmental and postnatal kidneys: an immunohistochemical study.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader GREB1L, CRELD2 and ITGA10 expression in the human developmental and postnatal kidneys: an immunohistochemical study. Via histochem Related Articles GREB1L, CRELD2 and ITGA10 expression in the human developmental and postnatal kidneys: an immunohistochemical study. Acta Histochem. 2021 Jan 15;123(2):151679 Authors: Lasić V, Kosović I, Jurić M, Racetin A, Čurčić J, Šolić I, Lozić M, Filipović N, Šoljić V, Martinović V, Saraga-Babić M, Vukojević K Abstract BACKGROUND: Aim of our study is to provide an insight into the genetic expression landscape of GREB1L, ITGA10 and CRELD2 which are important in human genitourinary tract development which might help elucidate the critical stages for the onset of kidney anomalies. METHODS: Morphological parameters were analyzed using immunohistochemistry on human foetal (13-38 w) and postnatal (1.5 and 7.5y) human kidney samples. RESULTS: GREB1L marker had a strong intensity and the highest rate in proximal tubules (PTC) of 1.5 years' kidney (90.25%). In the distal tubules (DCT) there were statistically significant differences in 13 w, 15 w, 16 w, 21 w, 38 w and 7.5y regarding 1.5y (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.001). There was significantly more GREB1L in the glomeruli at 21 w and 38 w in regard to all other stages (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.01). ITGA10 staining intensity was strongest in PCT with the highest rate in 13 w (92.75%), while the lowest rate was found in glomeruli and DCT (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.001). CRELD2 had the strongest staining intensity in PCT with the highest rate in 13 w and 1.5y (92.25%) and lowest in the glomeruli of 7.5 years (24.3 %). In DCT there were statistically significant differences in CRELD2 positive cells in 13 w, 15 w, 16 w, 21 w, 38 w and 7.5y regarding 1.5y (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.01). ITGA10 and CRELD 2 co-localised in the postnatal period in DCT. CONCLUSION: High kidney expressions of GREB1L, ITGA10 and CRELD2 even in the postnatal period implicate their importance not only for the onset of CAKUT in the case of their mutation but also for maintenance of kidney homeostasis. PMID: 33460985 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Methotrexate on the hippocampus, cerebellum, liver, and kidneys

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Evaluation of the effect of methotrexate on the hippocampus, cerebellum, liver, and kidneys of adult male albino rat: Histopathological, immunohistochemical and biochemical studies. Via histochem Related Articles Evaluation of the effect of methotrexate on the hippocampus, cerebellum, liver, and kidneys of adult male albino rat: Histopathological, immunohistochemical and biochemical studies. Acta Histochem. 2021 Jan 16;123(2):151682 Authors: Ahmed ZSO, Hussein S, Ghandour RA, Azouz AA, El-Sakhawy MA Abstract Methotrexate (MTX) has been used for treatment of autoimmune diseases, inflammatory disorders as rheumatic arthritis, and different types of cancers. However, it has shown adverse effects on vital organs. The current study was conducted to investigate the toxic effect of MTX on the hippocampus, cerebellum, liver and kidneys of adult male albino rats. MTX was injected weekly at 5 mg/kg body weight via I/P injection for 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, histopathological, immunohistochemical and biochemical evaluation were performed on the hippocampus, cerebellum, liver, and kidney tissues of the sacrificed rats. We observed that methotrexate induced neural tissue damage in the hippocampus and cerebellum, degeneration of hepatocytes, congestion of the central vein and blood sinusoids of the liver, distortion in the renal corpuscles and necrosis of the renal tubule. Immunohistochemical findings revealed strong positive expression of Caspase-3, PCNA and GFAP. Biochemical stu dies revealed significant elevation in the serum levels of AST and ALT, in addition to high serum concentrations of creatinine and urea. Also, MTX injection increased MDA, while it decreased GSH, SOD and AChE levels. We conclude the ability of MTX to induce oxidative stress that results into apoptosis and tissue injury, leading to neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. PMID: 33465564 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Anatomo-sonographic identification of the longissimus capitis and splenius cervicis muscles: principles for possible application to ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin injections in cervical dystonia.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Anatomo-sonographic identification of the longissimus capitis and splenius cervicis muscles: principles for possible application to ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin injections in cervical dystonia. Via radiol anat Related Articles Anatomo-sonographic identification of the longissimus capitis and splenius cervicis muscles: principles for possible application to ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin injections in cervical dystonia. Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Jan 18;: Authors: Brumpt E, Aubry S, Vuillier F, Tatu L Abstract OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study was to define and verify anatomo-sonographic landmarks for ultrasound-guided injection of botulinum toxin into the longissimus capitis (LC) and splenius cervicis (SC) muscles. METHODS AND RESULTS: After a preliminary work of anatomical description of the LC and SC muscles, we identified these muscles on two cadavers and then on a healthy volunteer using ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to establish a radio-anatomical correlation. We defined an anatomo-sonographic landmark for the injection of each of these muscles. The correct positioning of vascular glue into the LC muscle and a metal clip into the SC muscle of a fresh cadaver as verified by dissection confirmed the utility of the selected landmarks. DISCUSSION: For the LC muscle, the intramuscular tendon of the cranial part of the muscle appears to be a reliable anatomical landmark. The ultrasound-guided injection can be performed within the cranial portion of the muscle, between the intra-muscular tendon and insertion into the mastoid process at dens of the axis level. For the SC muscle, the surface topographic landmarks of the spinous processes of the C4-C5 vertebrae and the muscle body of the levator scapulae muscle seem to be reliable landmarks. From these, the ultrasound-guided injection can be carried out laterally by transfixing the body of the levator scapulae. CONCLUSION: The study defined two cervical anatomo-sonographic landmarks for injecting the LC and SC muscles. PMID: 33459837 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The infragluteal fold: An appraisal by MRI combined with an anatomic study.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The infragluteal fold: An appraisal by MRI combined with an anatomic study. Via radiol anat Related Articles The infragluteal fold: An appraisal by MRI combined with an anatomic study. Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Jan 18;: Authors: Stivala A, di Summa PG, Bernard C, Moris V, See LA, Loffroy R, Zwetyenga N, Cheynel N, Guillier D Abstract PURPOSE: The gluteal region is a key element of beauty balance and sexual appearance. However, there is no clear anatomical description of the infragluteal fold, nor any classification exists allowing standardizing treatment of this area in case of jeopardisation. The purpose of this study was to perform an anatomical description of the infragluteal fold (IGF) matching radiological and anatomical findings in describing specifically raise of the fibrous component at the bone level. METHODS: Six volunteers (three males and three females) underwent an MRI scan (Siemens Aera® 1.5 T) of the pelvic region. T1 Vibe Morpho T2, Sag Space 3D, and Millimetric slices were performed in order to obtain a more detailed selection of the gluteal landmark. Trabecular connective tissue of the region was analyzed using Horos® ROI (region of interest) segmentation function. Four fresh cadavers (two males, two females, accounting for 8 hemipelvis) were dissected in order to compare the radiological findings. RESULTS: The infragluteal fold is a connectival fibrous band extending from the ramus of the ischium (but not involving the ischial tuberosity, for a length of 21 mm ± 2 and 21 mm ± 3), the apex of the sacrum (for a length of 13 ± 2 and 11 mm ± 2), and the coccyx (for a length of 19 mm ± 2 and 20 mm ± 2, all measures referring to volunteers and cadavers, respectively) reaching superficially the dermis of the medial one-third of the cutaneous fold. No significant difference was found between volunteer and cadaver group in MRI measurement of bony origins, or between MRI and cadaveric dissection measurements. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of this structure will define novel surgical techniques in infragluteal fold restoration. PMID: 33462737 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Shoulder scaption is dependent on the behavior of the different partitions of the infraspinatus muscle.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Shoulder scaption is dependent on the behavior of the different partitions of the infraspinatus muscle. Via radiol anat Related Articles Shoulder scaption is dependent on the behavior of the different partitions of the infraspinatus muscle. Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Jan 19;: Authors: Hoshikawa K, Yuri T, Giambini H, Kiyoshige Y Abstract PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate if the three partitions (superior, middle, and inferior partitions) of the infraspinatus muscle previously described in anatomical studies will present different behavior during scapular plane abduction (scaption) as described using shear-wave elastography, especially during initial range of motion. METHODS: Eight volunteers held their arm against gravity 15° intervals from 30° to 150° in scaption. Shear-wave elastography was implemented at each position to measure shear modulus at rest and during muscle contraction, as a surrogate for muscle stiffness, of each partition. Muscle activity was defined as the difference in stiffness values between the resting positions and those during muscle contraction (ΔE = stiffness at contraction-stiffness at rest). RESULTS: The activity value for the middle partition was 25.1 ± 10.8 kPa at 30° and increased up to 105° (52.2 ± 10.8 kPa), with a subsequent decrease at larger angle positions (p < .001). The superior partition showed a flatter and constant behavior with smaller activity values except at higher angles (p < .001). Peak activity values for the superior partition were observed at 135° (23.0 ± 12.0 kPa). Increase activity for inferior partition began at 60° and showed a peak at 135° (p < .001; 32.9 ± 13.8 kPa). CONCLUSION: Stiffness measured using shear-wave elastography in each partition of the infraspinatus muscle demonstrated different behavior between these partitions during scaption. The middle partition generated force throughout scaption, while the superior and inferior partitions exerted force at end range. PMID: 33464394 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs, and Treatment Burden Related to the Use of Levothyroxine in Hypothyroid Pregnant Women in the United States

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Message: Abstract Background: The use of prescribed medications during pregnancy is a challenge and an underestimated source of treatment burden. Levothyroxine (LT4) for the treatment of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism is extensively prescribed during pregnancy. To this end, we aimed to explore the patients' perceived benefits and risks, knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and related burden of LT4 therapy during pregnancy. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed pregnant women who were treated with LT4 during pregnancy from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019, in a tertiary academic medical center of the United States. The anonymous online survey included questions to gather demographic data and multiple-choice questions regarding the benefits and risks, knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and burden related to LT4 use during pregnancy. Results: Sixty-four pregnant women (mean age 31.5 years) completed the study survey (response rate: 96%): 62% were diagnosed with hypothyroidism more than 12 months before pregnancy, 16% less than or about 12 months before pregnancy, and 22% during pregnancy. We found that one-third of pregnant women using LT4 had a feeling of uneasiness/anxiety due to their hypothyroidism diagnosis. About half of the respondents (45%) reported that they did not receive an explanation by their clinician regarding the maternal/fetal risks of uncontrolled hypothyroidism or the benefits of adequate control. Finally, two in three patients expressed various concerns of LT4-related treatment burden. Conclusions: Our findings support the need for increased effective communication and tailored counseling to address fears, anxiety, and uncertainties about the benefits and risks of LT4 use in pregnancy. For patients with clear benefits from LT4 treatment in pregnancy, it could help to overcome their concerns, promote adherence, and decrease adverse maternal/fetal outcomes. For patients with no clear benefits established, clinicians need to be aware of LT4-related treatment burden in pregnancy and implement patient-centered approaches in their clinical practices. Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs, and Treatment Burden Related to the Use of Levothyroxine in Hypothyroid Pregnant Women in the United States Via liebertpub1 Thyroid, Ahead of Print. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with High-Grade Features Versus Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: An Analysis of Clinicopathologic and Molecular Features and Outcome

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Message: Abstract Background: Similar to poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC), papillary thyroid carcinoma with high-grade features (PTC HGF) demonstrates increased mitotic activity and/or necrosis; however, PTC HGF is excluded from the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of PDTC based on maintained nuclear features of PTC. Methods: Consecutive tumors that met criteria for PTC HGF, defined as tumors with maintained nuclear features of PTC and mitoses numbering 5 or more per 10 contiguous high-power fields and/or tumor necrosis, and PDTC (defined as per the WHO criteria) were identified. Clinicopathologic characteristics, follow-up data, and targeted next-generation sequencing results were compared between groups. Results: There were 15 PTC HGF and 47 PDTC. PTC HGF was associated with a higher rate of pT4 disease (53% vs. 13%, p = 0.0027) and lymph node metastases (73% vs. 38%, p = 0.049). The disease-specific survival was worse for patients with PTC HGF compared with those with PDTC using Kaplan–Meier estimation (p < 0.001) and was worse in subgroup analysis evaluating patients with widely invasive PDTC (i.e., those with a similar rate of pT4 disease) and PTC HGF (p = 0.040). PTC HGF had a higher BRAFV600E mutation rate (42% vs. 3%; p = 0.003), a trend toward more gene fusions (25% vs. 3%; p = 0.052), and a higher rate of relative gain of 1q (67% vs. 15%; p = 0.002) than PDTC. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that PTC HGF are important to recognize based on their aggressive behavior. The molecular differences between PTC HGF and PDTC suggest that PTC HGF should be considered a distinct group from PDTC. Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with High-Grade Features Versus Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: An Analysis of Clinicopathologic and Molecular Features and Outcome Via liebertpub1 Thyroid, Ahead of Print. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Middle Ear Carcinoid Tumor With External Auditory Canal Extension

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Middle Ear Carcinoid Tumor With External Auditory Canal Extension: A Case Report. Via ear nose throat Related Articles Middle Ear Carcinoid Tumor With External Auditory Canal Extension: A Case Report. Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Jan 20;:145561321989145 Authors: Tsetsos N, Poutoglidis A, Sotiroudi S, Baliaka A, Vlachtsis K PMID: 33470831 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.