Mycoses, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete Greece,00306932607174,00302841026182,alsfakia@gmail.com
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Παρασκευή 26 Οκτωβρίου 2018
DC‐SIGN and VDR polymorphisms are associated with chronic form of paracoccidioidomycosis with oral manifestations
Art and Belief
Successful surgical excision of cerebral abscess caused by Fonsecaea monophora in an immunocompetent patient and review of literature
Abstract
Cerebral abscesses caused by dark-pigmented Fonsecaea fungi are rare, especially in otherwise healthy individuals. In this case report, we present a 61-year-old man from Moldova, living in the Czech Republic, who had worked as a locksmith on oil platforms in Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Sudan, and Iraq since 1999, and was admitted to a neurology ward for a sudden motion disorder of the right leg, dysarthria, and hypomimia. Imaging revealed presence of expansive focus around the left lateral ventricle of the brain and a pronounced peripheral edema. The intracranial infectious focus was excised under intraoperative SonoWand guidance. Tissue samples were histologically positive for dark-pigmented hyphae, suggesting dematiaceous fungi. Therefore, liposomal amphotericin B therapy was initiated immediately. Fonsecaea monophora was provisionally identified using ITS rDNA region sequencing directly from brain tissue. The identification was subsequently confirmed by cultivation and DNA sequencing from culture. The strain exhibited in vitro sensitive to voriconazole (MIC = 0.016 μg/mL) and resistance to amphotericin B (MIC = 4 μg/mL); therefore, the amphotericin B was replaced with voriconazole. Postoperatively, a significant clinical improvement was observed and no additional surgery was required. Based on the literature review, this is the third documented case of cerebral infection due to this pathogen in patients without underlying conditions and the first such case in Europe.
Minimum Data Set for Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis (MDS-IAD) in adults: Design and pilot study in nursing home residents
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2018
Source: Journal of Tissue Viability
Author(s): Karen Van den Bussche, Sofie Verhaeghe, Ann Van Hecke, Dimitri Beeckman
Abstract
Study aim
The aim of this study was to develop a Minimum Data Set for Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis (MDS-IAD), to psychometrically evaluate and pilot test the instrument in nursing homes. Comparable to the MDS for pressure ulcers, the MDS-IAD aims to collect epidemiological data and evaluate the quality of care.
Materials and methods
After designing and content/face validation by experts and clinicians, staff nurses assessed 108 residents (75.9% female, 77.8% double incontinent) in a convenience sample of five wards. A second nurse independently assessed fifteen residents to calculate inter-rater agreement (p0) and reliability [Cohen's Kappa (ĸ)].
Results
The ĸ-value for 'urinary incontinence' was 0.68 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37–0.99] and 0.55 (95% CI 0.27–0.82) for 'faecal incontinence'. The p0 for severity categorisation according to the Ghent Global IAD Categorisation Tool (GLOBIAD) was 0.60. IAD was diagnosed in 21.3% of the residents. IAD management mainly involved the application of a leave-on product (66.7%), no-rinse foams (49.1%), toilet paper (47.9%), and water and soap (38.8%). Fully adequate prevention or treatment was provided to respectively 3.6% and 8.7% of the residents.
Conclusion
This instrument provides valuable insights in IAD prevalence at organisational level, will allow benchmarking between organisations, and will support policy makers. Future testing in other healthcare settings is recommended.
Thromboxane-induced α-CGRP release from peripheral neurons is an essential positive feedback loop in capsaicin-induced neurogenic inflammation
α-Calcitonin gene-related protein (α-CGRP) is synthesized by sensory nerves in the dermis and its release can cause vasodilatation and local inflammation. Its vasorelaxant effects are based on the direct activation of smooth muscle and endothelial cells as well as the activation of mast cells causing the release of vasoactive and proinflammatory mediators. Here, we show that in the capsaicin model for neurogenic inflammation capsaicin-induced edema formation is mediated by α-CGRP and mast cells but is absent in thromboxane receptor (TP)-deficient mice.
Dermatitis herpetiformis and celiac disease increase the risk of bullous pemphigoid
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) and dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) are autoimmune bullous skin diseases. DH has been described to evolve into BP and the two diseases can have overlapping clinical appearances and diagnostic findings, but the association between DH and BP has not previously been studied in a large population. To evaluate DH and celiac disease (CD) as risk factors for BP we conducted a retrospective case-control study of patients with BP and matched controls with basal cell carcinoma diagnosed in Finland between 1997 and 2013.
Syringaresinol reverses age-related skin atrophy by suppressing FoxO3a-mediated MMP2 activation in SOD1-deficient mice
Aging is characterized by accumulation of chronic and irreversible oxidative damage, chronic inflammation, and organ dysfunction. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) serves as a major enzyme for cellular superoxide radical metabolism and physiologically regulates cellular redox balance throughout the body. The copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1)-deficient mice showed diverse phenotypes associated with enhanced oxidative damage in whole organs. Here, we found that oral treatment with syringaresinol (SYR, also known as lirioresinol B), which is the active component in the berries of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer), attenuated the age-related changes in Sod1-/- skin.
Markers of systemic involvement and death in hospitalized cancer patients with severe cutaneous adverse reactions
Cancer patients have increased risk of severe cutaneous adverse reactions, without reliable biomarkers to identify predisposition for associated morbidity and mortality. In hospitalized cancer patients with morbilliform rash, elafin, IL-6, TNF-α were associated with mortality. IL-6, IL-10 were associated with drug-related systemic involvement. These biomarkers may guide future therapeutic research.
A Phase 2, Randomized Dose-Finding Study of Tapinarof (GSK2894512 Cream) for the Treatment of Plaque Psoriasis
Novel topical treatments for psoriasis have not been developed for many years. Tapinarof, a therapeutic AhR modulating agent, is a potential new treatment option for psoriasis patients. Tapinarof, delivered in a 1% cream, achieved ≥75% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index in 60% of patients treated once daily.
Catfish mucus alters the Flavobacterium columnare transcriptome
Should Self-Driving Cars Have Ethics?
To design a "moral machine," researchers updated a classic thought experiment for the autonomous vehicle age. But do we really want artificial intelligence making decisions on who lives or dies?
(Image credit: Andreas Arnold/Bloomberg via Getty Images)
Hochwasserprognose in der Steiermark – Erfahrungen und Herausforderungen
Zusammenfassung
Der Hydrographische Dienst Steiermark betreibt grenzüberschreitende Hochwasserprognosemodelle für die großen Flüsse in der Steiermark (Mur mit Slowenien und Ungarn, Raab mit Ungarn) sowie deren wichtigsten Zubringer. Im folgenden Beitrag werden die Erfahrungen im Modellbetrieb im internationalen Kontext sowie die damit in Verbindung stehenden Herausforderungen beleuchtet.
Kontinuität und Wandel: Die Hydrographie Österreichs – 125 Jahre Wasser-Wissen schaffen
Zusammenfassung
Die vergangenen 125 Jahre brachten vielfältige Veränderungen in gesellschaftlicher und technischer Hinsicht. Der Bogen spannt sich von der Monarchie bis zur Europäischen Union, vom Schreibstreifen zum Datensammler, von der telegrafischen Wasserstandsübertragung zur Übertragung via Satellit. Trotz aller Widrigkeiten blieb die 1894 festgelegte Organisationsform der Hydrographie Österreichs in ihrer grundsätzlichen Ausrichtung bestehen. Der Klimawandel und die rasante Entwicklung der elektronischen Datenverarbeitung fordern von der Hydrographie neue Lösungen, vor allem zur Zusammenstellung und Exploration großer Datensätze. Historische Daten müssen in ein Datenbanksystem integriert werden, das nachhaltig für das Management langer Zeitreihen ausgelegt ist. Zwar wird das Hydrographische Jahrbuch noch immer publiziert, aber es ist nicht mehr die einzige Form, in der geprüfte Daten und Auswertungen zur Planung wasserwirtschaftlicher Maßnahmen für die Öffentlichkeit und die Wissenschaft zur Verfügung gestellt werden.
Scientists And Parents Band Together To Research Cures For Rare Childhood Cancer
A research start-up is connecting parents with scientists in hopes of sparking new research on diseases whose survival rates and treatment options haven't budged in 30 years
(Image credit: Alex Walsh for NPR)
Grain size analysis of California waterbodies to determine the spatial extent and temporal trends of depositional areas where hydrophobic organic compounds could accumulate
Abstract
The objective of this study was to summarize the grain size data from 1993 to 2016 from California water bodies and determine the number and percent of sites where sediment samples are primarily depositional sediment (more than 50% silt/clay) or non-depositional sediment (less than 50% silt/clay). Fine grain depositional areas were of interest because these are areas where hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) can accumulate if sources exist. Trends analysis of percent silt/clay data were conducted for all nine California Water Board Regions if adequate data for this type of analysis were available. Sediment sampling protocols were reviewed for all the grain size measurements to determine if depositional areas were targeted or random sampling was conducted. Twelve of the 13 sediment sampling protocols targeted depositional areas. Based on 23 years of data from 685 sites (1859 observations) in all 9 California Regions, the summary analysis showed that only 58% of the sites were considered depositional areas even when targeted sampling for depositional areas was used. Since only slightly more than half the sites were reported as depositional areas based on sampling that targets depositional areas, these results would certainly suggest that depositional areas are not dominant. In fact, for the one protocol where random sampling was used, depositional areas were not reported to be dominant. From an ecological risk perspective, the implication of this finding is that HOCs would not be expected to accumulate in the dominant type of sediment found in most California waterbodies. Trends analysis of percent silt/clay data showed mixed results for the various California Regions.
Enhancement of visible-light photocatalytic activities of BiVO 4 coupled with g-C 3 N 4 prepared using different precursors
Abstract
Graphitic-like carbon nitride (g-C3N4) photocatalyst was synthesized by a facile chemical pyrolysis method, which was built on the self-condensation of different precursors to generate g-C3N4, e.g., melamine, urea, and thiocarbamide. And the different precursors produced a great influence on the photocatalytic activities of g-C3N4. Heterojunctions of g-C3N4 and BiVO4 were synthesized using a facile solvent evaporation method. The formation of BiVO4/g-C3N4 composites were confirmed by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, XPS, and UV-Vis DRS. The photocatalytic activities for RhB degradation were evaluated under visible-light irradiation. The photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4 prepared by urea was higher than that of g-C3N4 prepared by melamine and thiocarbamide, which was attributed to its favorable dispersibility, larger specific surface area, and higher oxidation capacity. The heterojunction composites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than pure g-C3N4 or BiVO4. The results showed obvious removal efficiency for RhB, and the optimal sample with a BiVO4 content of 10% exhibited higher efficiency than pure g-C3N4 and BiVO4, and 10 wt%BiVO4/CN-U showed the highest photocatalytic activity. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of BiVO4/g-C3N4 composite can be attributed to the intimate coupling between the two host substrates, resulting in an efficient charge separation.
Atmospheric monitoring of organochlorine pesticides across some West African countries
Abstract
Most African countries have ratified the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and are expected to reduce emissions of POPs such as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) to the atmosphere. Emerging evidence, however, suggests that there are contemporary sources of OCPs in African countries despite the global ban on these products. This study investigated the atmospheric contamination from OCPs in four West African countries—Togo, Benin, Nigeria, and Cameroon—to ascertain the emission levels of OCPs and the characteristic signatures of contamination. Polyurethane foam (PUF) disk passive air samplers (PAS) were deployed in each country for ca. 55 days in 2012 and analyzed for 25 OCPs. Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and DDTs constituted the highest burden of atmospheric OCPs in the target countries, at average concentrations of 441 pg m−3 (range 23–2718) and 403 pg m−3 (range 91–1880), respectively. Mirex had the lowest concentration, ranged between 0.1 and 3.3 pg m−3. The concentration of OCPs in rainy season was higher than in dry season in Cameroon, and presupposed inputs from agriculture during the rainy season. The concentrations of ∑25 OCPs in each country were in the following order: Cameroon > Nigeria > Benin > Togo. There was significant evidence, based on chemical signatures of the contamination that DDT, aldrin, chlordane, and endosulfan were recently applied at certain sites in the respective countries.
Assessment the activity of magnetic KOH/Fe 3 O 4 @Al 2 O 3 core–shell nanocatalyst in transesterification reaction: effect of Fe/Al ratio on structural and performance
Abstract
Recently, biodiesel production using heterogeneous catalysts has been of great concern. However, simple separation of these catalysts from product mixtures is a problem of the process. In this study, series of magnetic KOH/Fe3O4@Al2O3 core–shell nanocatalysts were synthesized via the incipient wetness impregnation method and the effect of weight ratio of Fe3O4-to-Al2O3 (0.15–0.35) on the catalytic performance was assessed. The samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR, BET-BJH, VSM, SEM, TEM, and EDX analyses and their basicity was measured by the Hammett indicator method. The results revealed that although the magnetic KOH/Fe3O4@Al2O3 nanocatalyst with 25 wt% of Fe3O4 showed less activity as compared to those with 15 wt% of Fe3O4, it exhibited higher surface area and appropriate magnetic properties. The sample presented superparamagnetic properties with the magnetic strength of 1.25 emu/g that was simply recovered by using an external magnetic field. The nanocatalyst converted 98.8% of canola oil to biodiesel under reflux condition at the best operational conditions of 12 M ratio of methanol/oil, 4 wt% of catalyst and 6 h of reaction time. Moreover, the nanocatalyst showed high reusability such that it was reused several times without appreciable loss of its catalytic activity.
Cleaner emissions from a DI-diesel engine fueled with mahua oil and low carbon ethanol-hydrogen in dual fuel mode
Abstract
This work is all about utilization of more than two low carbon fuels in a diesel engine with a main objective of reducing harmful emissions. Initially, test engine was tested with a non-petroleum-based fuel namely mahua oil, under different load conditions. In the second phase of the work, test engine was modified into dual fuel mode with slight modification in the intake manifold for the admission of a low carbon high octane primary fuel namely ethanol. The engine was tested by varying the ethanol energy share (EES) from 5% to the point at which engine tends to knock at 100% and 40% of the maximum engine power output. Finally, an attempt was made to induct a zero carbon high octane fuel (i.e., hydrogen) in the intake manifold of the dual fuel engine operated with mahua and ethanol and tested for the behavior. Experimental results claimed that inclusion of ethanol improved the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) only at the higher loads. Optimized EES at 100% load conditions was identified as 15%. It is found that injection of ethanol significantly reduced the harmful emissions like smoke and oxides of nitrogen at the price of increased hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions. It is also inferenced that BTE was improved further with the increases of hydrogen flow rate at peak load. Interestingly all the carbon-based emissions were drastically reduced with the inclusion of hydrogen. However, the oxides of nitrogen emission were found to be increased with increase of hydrogen flow rate.
Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp: a neutrophilic folliculitis within the spectrum of neutrophilic dermatoses. A clinicopathologic study of thirty cases
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2018
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Carlo Tomasini, Andrea Michelerio
Abstract
Background
It is general opinion that histopathology is nonspecific and of little value in diagnosing erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp (EPDS).
Objectives
Clinicopathologic correlation of erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp.
Methods
The clinical and pathological records of patients with a clinicopathologic diagnosis of EPDS, between 2011-2016, at the Dermatopathology Unit of the Turin University were reviewed.
Results
Thirty elderly patients with EPDS were identified, 22 males and 8 females. Androgenetic alopecia was present in 19/30 patients. Triggering factors included mechanical trauma in 10/30 cases, surgical procedures in 4/30, herpes zoster in 1/30. Three patients were affected by autoimmune disorders. The vertex was the most common location. Disease presentation varied markedly from tiny, erosive, scaly lesions to crusted and hemorrhagic plaques, mimicking pustular pyoderma gangrenosum. The pathologic changes differed according to the lesion type and disease duration. Interestingly, a spongiotic and suppurative infundibulo-folliculitis was observed in 8/30 cases.
Limitations
This was a retrospective study.
Conclusions
We believe that the primary lesion of erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp is a spongiotic, pustular superficial folliculitis. The clinicopathologic similarities with other neutrophilic dermatoses, such as pustular pyoderma gangrenosum, suggest this condition should be included in this spectrum, where pathergy plays a pathogenetic role.
Effect of Post-Injection Facial Exercise on Time of Onset of Botulinum Toxin for Glabella and Forehead Wrinkles: A Randomized Controlled, Crossover Clinical Trial
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2018
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Murad Alam, Amelia Geisler, Melanie Warycha, Kapila Paghdal, Wanjarus Roongpisuthipong, Daniel I. Schlessinger, Brian R. Chen, Kelly A. Reynolds, Dennis P. West, Emily Poon
Development and Implementation of an Order Set to Improve Value of Care for Patients with Severe Stasis Dermatitis
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2018
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Susan Nedorost, Sheree White, Douglas Y. Rowland, Beth Bednarchik, Susan Flocke, Teresa L. Carman, Lauren Karpinski, Yiwen Shi
Acquired Obliteration of the Proximal Lacrimal Drainage System
Correction of Recalcitrant Cicatricial Lower Lid Retraction and Entropion With Transverse Tarsotomy and Tarsoconjunctival Flap
Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Cavernous Venous Malformations of the Orbital Apex
Anthropometric Analysis on the Ocular Region Morphology of Children and Young Adults in Chinese Han Population
Spinal Ewing Sarcoma Metastatic to Bilateral Orbits
Impact of Food and Drug Administration Approval of Vismodegib on Prevalence of Orbital Exenteration as a Necessary Surgical Treatment for Locally Advanced Periocular Basal Cell Carcinoma
Unilateral Eyelid Swelling as a Sign of Antimelanoma Differentiation–Associated Gene 5 (Anti-MDA5)-Antibody–Positive Dermatomyositis
Multicentric Mucinous Adenocarcinoma in the Periorbital Region
Differentiating acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome from its mimics: a comparison of clinical features and routine laboratory biomarkers
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2018
Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
Author(s): Eric Lee, Elizabeth H. Barnes, Sam Mehr, Dianne E. Campbell
Abstract
Background
Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is frequently misdiagnosed and subject to diagnostic delay. Profuse vomiting, the cardinal feature of acute FPIES, may occur in more common paediatric disorders such as gastroenteritis and sepsis.
Objectives
We sought to determine differentiating features at acute presentation between FPIES, gastroenteritis and sepsis in young children presenting to an emergency department (ED) with profuse vomiting.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective case-control study of children aged 6 months to 4 years with a diagnosis of acute FPIES who had presented to ED and compared the clinical features, vital signs and routine laboratory studies of this cohort to similarly aged children presenting to ED with vomiting diagnosed with bacterial/viral gastroenteritis or bacterial sepsis.
Results
181 acute FPIES ED presentations were compared to 55 gastroenteritis and 36 bacterial sepsis ED presentations. Children with FPIES were more likely to present with lethargy, floppiness and pallor. Compared to FPIES, children with sepsis were likely to present with fever, tachycardia, tachypnea and diarrhoea, whilst those with gastroenteritis were likely to present with fever, diarrhoea and blood in stools. Normal CRP, leucocytosis, lymphocytosis, thrombocytosis, low MPV and an elevated albumin/globulin ratio were more commonly seen in FPIES than sepsis or gastroenteritis. No other clinical or laboratory markers examined reliably distinguished between the three disease groups.
Conclusions
In the young vomiting child, lethargy, floppiness, pallor without fever and normal CRP should alert clinicians to a possible diagnosis of FPIES. In contrast a highly elevated CRP is not a feature of FPIES, and in such cases an alternative diagnosis must be considered.
Facile synthetic Photoluminescent Graphene Quantum dots encapsulated β-cyclodextrin drug carrier system for the management of macular degeneration: Detailed analytical and biological investigations
Publication date: Available online 26 October 2018
Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology
Author(s): Cheng Qian, Panshi Yan, Guangming Wan, Shenzhi Liang, Yi Dong, Jiong Wang
Abstract
Drug administration by effective nano-carriers is an emerging and growing technology in the field of bio-medicine and particularly Age –related macular degeneration (AMD). This developed nanomaterials based methods with drug administration maximizes the biocompatibility and systemically increases drug delivery profile for the drugs. Herein, we described the effective drug molecules delivery profiles by the hydrothermally synthesized graphene quantum dots (GQDs) encapsulated with supramolecular β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as a drug delivery system for AMD. The drug release profiles were analysed and plotted by two different types of drugs ((Bevacizumab (Bev) and Ranibizumab (Ran))) and compounds displayed an initial burst delivery percentage of 55.7 ± 1.6% and 52.2 ± 2.6, respectively, within 15 min. After 1 h, 94.2% (Ran) and 93.1% (Bev) of loaded drug molecules were released from the β-CD encapsulated GQDs in sustained manner. The biocompatibility of the synthesized carriers was investigated quantitatively and qualitatively with the mouse Fibroblast L929 cell line. The biological cell analysis observed by calculated cell count and green fluorescence visualization has been clearly confirmed the samples are non-toxic and highly compatible to the cells with more than 90% cell viability after 5 days cell culture. The observed material properties and biological results demonstrated that the suitability of the developed nano-carriers for the drug delivery system in the AMD.
Graphical Abstract
Multicenter methodology comparison of the FDA and ISO standard for measurement of in vitro UVA protection of sunscreen products
Publication date: Available online 26 October 2018
Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology
Author(s): S. Bielfeldt, E. Klette, M. Rohr, B. Herzog, J. Grumelard, C. Hanay, U. Heinrich, P. Hansen, D. Kockott, J. Lademann, C. Mendrok-Edinger, S. Peters, T. Rudolph, T. Schläger, H. Tronnier, S. Wiechers, L. Zastrow, F. Pflücker
Abstract
In vitro standard methods are available and accepted worldwide to assess UVA protection of sunscreen products. Though, harmonisation of methods has made progress in the last decade, still two differing methods - one by FDA the other by ISO - are in use. In a multicentre study including 9 centres in Germany, 4 different commercial sunscreen products were assessed using both methods to discover their similarities and differences. UVA protection factor and Critical Wavelength were detected at various substrate type (sandblasted versus moulded PMMA plates), at different surface roughness of the plates as well as at different product application dose using two different irradiation spectra.
Results: The strongest influence on UVA protection factor results from the surface roughness of the plates. Depending on the roughness (accepted range of 2 to 7 μm in the FDA method) a variability in the UVA protection factor of up to 25% was observed, while the much narrower definition of plate roughness by ISO (4.5 to 5.2 μm) had no relevant influence on the test results. Sandblasted plates in our assessment led to higher UVA protection factors and produced less scattered results compared to moulded plates. These differences were not pronounced. Application dose and spectra of the irradiation source were of negligible influence on UVA protection factor results for the investigated UV-filter combinations. The UVA protection factor which is the endpoint of the ISO method was found to be a parameter with a high potential to differentiate among different test products. The endpoint of the FDA method - the Critical Wavelength - was found to be an unambitious endpoint. Insensitivity to all described modifications of the method was observed. All investigated products performed similar and passed the Critical Wavelength criteria independent of method and parameters.
Alopecia frontal fibrosante y lupus eritematoso discoide: más allá de la coexistencia
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2018
Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas
Author(s): P. Fernández-Crehuet, R. Ruiz-Villaverde
Tumoración occipital de rápido crecimiento
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2018
Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas
Author(s): E. Varas-Meis, C. Prada-García, P. Fernández-Canga, M.Á. Rodriguez-Prieto
Erupción papulosa fotodistribuida
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2018
Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas
Author(s): L. Schneller-Pavelescu, E. Vergara-de Caso, M.M. Blanes
El síndrome dismorfofóbico, entre otros, y la piel
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2018
Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas
Author(s): C. Martínez-González
Regresión espontánea de tres nevus melanocíticos congénitos medianos
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2018
Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas
Author(s): R. Alperovich, M.J. Fiandrino, R. Asial, M.C. Boente
Osteonevus de Nanta, un fenómeno cutáneo poco habitual
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2018
Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas
Author(s): A.V. Alvarado, J.J. Dávila-Rodríguez, B. Vélez, M. Montenegro-Zumárraga
Itching, chloroquine, and malaria: a review of recent molecular and neuroscience advances and their contribution to mechanistic understanding and therapeutics of chronic non‐histaminergic pruritus
International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Classification of contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) images
Abstract
Purpose
Contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) is a recently developed breast imaging technique. CESM relies on dual-energy acquisition following contrast agent injection to improve mammography sensitivity. CESM is comparable to contrast-enhanced MRI in terms of sensitivity, at a fraction of the cost. However, since lesion variability is large, even with the improved visibility provided by CESM, differentiation between benign and malignant enhancement is not accurate and a biopsy is usually performed for final assessment. Breast biopsies can be stressful to the patient and are expensive to healthcare systems. Moreover, as the biopsies results are most of the time benign, a specificity improvement in the radiologist diagnosis is required. This work presents a deep learning-based decision support system, which aims at improving the specificity of breast cancer diagnosis by CESM without affecting sensitivity.
Methods
We compare two analysis approaches, fine-tuning a pretrained network and fully training a convolutional neural network, for classification of CESM breast mass as benign or malignant. Breast Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (BIRADS) is a radiological lexicon, used with breast images, to categorize lesions. We improve each classification network by incorporating BIRADS textual features as an additional input to the network. We evaluate two ways of BIRADS fusion as network input: feature fusion and decision fusion. This leads to multimodal network architectures. At classification, we also exploit information from apparently normal breast tissue in the CESM of the considered patient, leading to a patient-specific classification.
Results
We evaluate performance using fivefold cross-validation, on 129 randomly selected breast lesions annotated by an experienced radiologist. Each annotation includes a contour of the mass in the image, biopsy-proven label of benign or malignant lesion and BIRADS descriptors. At 100% sensitivity, specificity of 66% was achieved using a multimodal network, which combines inputs at feature level and patient-specific classification.
Conclusions
The presented multimodal network may significantly reduce benign biopsies, without compromising sensitivity.
Explaining the modal force of natural laws
Abstract
In this paper, I will defend the thesis that fundamental natural laws are distinguished from accidental empirical generalizations neither by metaphysical necessity (e.g. Ellis 1999, 2001; Bird in Analysis, 65(2), 147–155, 2005, 2007) nor by contingent necessitation (Armstrong 1983). The only sort of modal force that distinguishes natural laws, I will argue, arises from the peculiar physical property of mutual independence of elementary interactions exemplifying the laws. Mutual independence of elementary interactions means that their existence and their nature do not depend in any way on which other interactions presently occur. It is exactly this general physical property of elementary interactions in the actual world that provides natural laws with their specific modal force and grounds the experience of nature's 'recalcitrance'. Thus, the modal force of natural laws is explained by contingent non-modal properties of nature. In the second part of the paper, I deal with some alleged counterexamples to my approach: constraint laws, compositional laws, symmetry principles and conservation laws. These sorts of laws turn out to be compatible with my approach: constraint laws and compositional laws do not represent the dynamics of interaction-types by themselves, but only as constitutive parts of a complete set of equations, whereas symmetry principles and conservation laws do not represent any specific dynamics, but only impose general constraints on possible interactions.
Autopoiesis, biological autonomy and the process view of life
Abstract
In recent years, an increasing number of theoretical biologists and philosophers of biology have been opposing reductionist research agendas by appealing to the concept of biological autonomy which draws on the older concept of autopoiesis. In my paper, I investigate some of the ontological implications of this approach. The emphasis on autonomy and autopoiesis, together with the associated idea of organisational closure, might evoke the impression that organisms are to be categorised ontologically as substances: ontologically independent, well-individuated, discrete particulars. However, I argue that this is mistaken. Autopoiesis and biological autonomy, properly understood, require a rigorous commitment to a process ontological view of life.
What we (should) talk about when we talk about fruitfulness
Abstract
What are the relevant values to the appraisal of research programs? This question remains hotly debated, as philosophers have recently proposed many lists of values potentially relevant to scientific appraisal. Surprisingly, despite being mentioned in many lists, little attention has been paid to fruitfulness. It is unclear how fruitfulness should be explicated, and whether it has any substantial role in scientific appraisal. In this paper, I argue we should explicate fruitfulness as the capacity to develop of research programs. Moreover, I provide a novel strategy to assess and compare the fruitfulness of programs focused on their research questions and heuristics. To illustrate how this strategy would work, I will discuss a case study, namely the adaptationist program in evolutionary psychology.
ATR/Chk1 pathway is activated by oxidative stress in response to UVA light in human Xeroderma Pigmentosum Variant cells
Photochemistry and Photobiology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Epidemiologic and genetic data suggest the presence of an endemic form of pemphigus foliaceus in Gran Canaria, Spain
British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Merkel cells in extraocular sebaceous carcinoma
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Cryptococcus‐like Changes in the Setting of Vasculitis
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia and Kimura Disease Overlap with Evidence of Diffuse Visceral Involvement
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Erythema Elevatum Diutinum a Rare and Poorly Understood Cutaneous Vasculitis: A Single Institution Experience
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
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Publication date: Available online 25 July 2018 Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology Author(s): Marco Ballestr...
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Editorial AJR Reviewers: Heartfelt Thanks From the Editors and Staff Thomas H. Berquist 1 Share + Affiliation: Citation: American Journal...
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Publication date: Available online 28 September 2017 Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas Author(s): F.J. Navarro-Triviño