International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Τρίτη 9 Οκτωβρίου 2018
Full face ingenol mebutate for actinic keratosis: patient perspective
Transient dispersion of an initial point pollutant concentration in wetland flows
Abstract
Initial point pollutant transport in wetland flows acts as a typical form in various applications. Accurate determination of the basic characteristics for dispersion fundamentally supports the predication of pollutant transport especially in the transient stage. This work analytically studies the transient dispersion of an initial point pollutant concentration in wetland flows through the phase average technique and the method of concentration moments. The characteristics including the vertical mass distribution, longitudinal displacement, dispersivity, skewness, and kurtosis corresponding to the zeroth- to fourth-order concentration moments are accurately illustrated in their full-time dependance for the first time. Present results show to be distinctive from those of initial uniform concentration in the transient dispersion process. The temporal evolutions of the five characteristics are all dependent of the initial point release position. The results further demonstrate that the timescale 3.0 as measured by the skewness, rather than 0.5 as measured by the dispersivity, should be characterized as the transient period for the dispersion of initial point concentration in comparison with that of initial uniform. Furthermore, the longitudinally distributed mean concentration is as well analyzed through the Hermite polynomials. The results imply that strict criteria for environmental and ecological implications should be established by further accounting for the five characteristics.
Simulated reactive zone with emulsified vegetable oil for the long-term remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated aquifer: dynamic evolution of geological parameters and groundwater microbial community
Abstract
Cr(VI), which is highly toxic and soluble, is one of the most challenging groundwater contaminants. Previous work has indicated that emulsified vegetable oil (EVO) is an effective in situ amendment for removing Cr(VI) from groundwater. However, the spatial and temporal changes in geological parameters and microbial community structures throughout the remediation period are poorly understood. In this study, a large laboratory-scale sand-packed chamber (reactive zone of 100 × 50 × 30 cm) was used to simulate the bioremediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated aquifer by EVO over a 512-day period. Various geological parameters and microbial communities were monitored during both the establishment and remediation stages. The results indicate that several biogeochemical reactions occurred in a specific sequence following the injection of EVO, creating an acidic and reducing environment. A shift in the community structure and a decrease in the community diversity were observed. The abundance of microbes involved in the degradation of EVO and reduction of electron acceptors significantly increased. Then, the EVO reactive zone was flushed with Cr(VI)-contaminated groundwater. Biogeochemical reactions were inhibited after the inflow of Cr(VI) and subsequently recovered a month later. The pH of the aquifer returned to the initial neutral condition (approximately 7.2). The EVO reactive zone could remediate Cr(VI)-contaminated groundwater at an efficiency exceeding 97% over 480 days. Biogeochemistry played a major role in the early period (0~75 days). In the later period (240~480 days), the remediation of Cr(VI) in the reactive zone depended mostly on bio-reduction by Cr(VI)-reducing bacteria.
Stage-specific testicular protein levels of the oestrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) and Cyp19 and association with oestrogenic contamination in the lambari Astyanax rivularis (Pisces: Characidae)
Abstract
Oestrogens participate in various biological processes such as oogenesis, vitellogenesis and testicular development, but studies regarding the distribution and protein levels of oestrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) and aromatase (Cyp19) in testis are rarely investigated in fish species. The aim of the present study was to analyse the expression pattern of ERα, ERβ and Cyp19 in testis of Astyanax rivularis and, in addition, to verify if oestrogenic contamination interferes in the expression levels of these proteins. Quarterly, field samplings were carried out during a reproductive cycle in a stream of the Upper Velhas River with a good conservation status (site S1). In the gonadal maturation peak (June), when ripe stage was most abundant, fish collection was made in three streams: S1, reference site, and S2 and S3, sites contaminated by untreated sewage. The results of immunohistochemistry demonstrated labelling of Cyp19 in Leydig cells and acidophilic granulocytes, but spermatogonia, Sertoli cells, spermatids and spermatozoa were also labelled. ERα was more widely distributed than ERβ being found in all developmental germ cell phases. On the other hand, ERβ was found only in spermatogonia and spermatocytes. During testicular maturation, ELISA levels for Cyp19, ERα and ERβ followed the gonadosomatic index (GSI) with significant higher values in the ripe stage. Regarding to endocrine disruption, the males exposed to domestic sewage presented significant higher expression of Cyp19 and ERα when compared to the non-exposed fish. Together, our results demonstrate expression patterns of Cyp19, ERα and ERβ in the testis of A. rivularis. In addition, we indicate ERα and Cyp19 as sensitive biomarkers for monitoring of oestrogenic contamination in freshwater environments.
Intralesional pentoxifylline injection in localized alopecia areata
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.
Hypertensive Waist and Lipid Accumulation Product as Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome
Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, Ahead of Print.
Relationship Between Obesity and Lumbar Spine Degeneration: A Cross-Sectional Study from the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2010–2012
Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, Ahead of Print.
The steadily growing problem of lentigo maligna and lentigo maligna melanoma in Australia: Population‐based data on diagnosis and management
Australasian Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
A 21.6 kDa tegumental protein of Clonorchis sinensis induces a Th1/Th2 mixed immune response in mice
Immunity, Inflammation and Disease, EarlyView.
Androgens in Women: Hormone modulating therapies for skin disease (Part II)
Androgen-mediated cutaneous disorders (AMCDs) in women including acne, hirsutism, and female pattern hair loss (FPHL) can be treated with hormone-modulating therapies. In the second part of this Continuing Medical Education series, we discuss the hormone-modulating therapies available to dermatologists for the treatment of AMCDs including combined oral contraceptives, spironolactone, finasteride, dutasteride, and flutamide. Available hormone-modulating treatments utilized for each AMCDs are reviewed, along with mechanisms of androgen modulation, safety profile, contraindications, monitoring parameters, and evidence of efficacy.
Androgens in Women: Androgen mediated skin disease and patient evaluation (Part I)
Androgens are produced throughout the body in steroid-producing organs, such as the adrenal glands and ovaries, as well as in other tissues, like the skin. Several androgens are found normally in women, including dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S), testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and androstenedione. These androgens are essential in the development of several common cutaneous conditions in women, including acne, hirsutism, and female pattern hair loss (FPHL) – androgen mediated cutaneous disorders (AMCDs).
Dissipation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil amended with sewage sludge and sludge compost
Abstract
In this study, greenhouse experiments were conducted under the condition of different amendment ratios and planting tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). The amendment ratios of sewage sludge or sludge compost to soil were of 0, 10, 25, and 50% (w/w). The removal rates of PAH, catalase, and dehydrogenase activities of amended soil and accumulation of PAHs by vegetation were detected to investigate the differences of PAH dissipation in sludge-amended and compost-amended soils. The initial PAH concentrations in three amended soils increased with the more addition of sludge or compost. After 126-day experiment, maximum PAH removal rates were observed in sludge-amended and compost-amended soils with PAH concentration of about 200 μg kg−1. And the removal of PAHs showed better efficiencies in compost soil rather than in sludge soil. The more catalase activity and dehydrogenase activity of soil were obtained, respectively, in sludge soil and compost soil. The results indicated that the mechanism of PAH dissipation in two types of amended soils were different. The abundant amount of microorganism dominated PAH dissipation in sludge soils, and PAHs dissipated mainly caused of intense activity of microorganism in compost soils. In addition, PAH accumulation in tall fescue suggested that the transference approach of PAHs was from soil to the roots, and then accumulated in the shoots of tall fescue. It was prone to store up more PAHs in vegetation in the condition of high molar weight of PAHs, more biomass of vegetation, and heavy PAH concentration in soil.
The trade-environment nexus in light of governance: a global potential
Abstract
The theme of paper is to explore the trade-environment relationship and the role of institutions for 117 countries from global standpoint and five regions: Sub Saharan, European, Middle East and North Africa, Asia and Pacific, and Latin America and Caribbean, using the panel data span 2002–2014. By considering the endogeneity problem, to validate the nature of trade-environment nexuses, we applied the GMM first difference model in two steps. Likewise, Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel causality analysis is employed to affirm the causal relationship among the concern variables. The empirical findings of this study validate that the overall trade is significantly good to environment for sample countries (117) of the entire World, Europe, Asia, and Pacific regions. In further assessment, we incorporate interactive terms of institutions with trade, scale effect, and scale-technique effect. The estimated results confirm that institution is the persistent instrument for resolving the environmental problems. Furthermore, we find the evidence of inverted u shape EKC in overall selected sample of the World, Sub-Saharan, Europe, Asia, and Pacific regions. In contrast, there is no confirmation of inverted u shape EKC hypothesis in Middle East and North Africa regions. Similarly, no strong evidence of inverted u-shaped EKC hypothesis is observed in Latin-America and Caribbean region.
Low-frequency electromagnetic treatment of oilfield produced water for reuse in agriculture: effect on water quality, germination, and plant growth
Abstract
Competing demand for high-quality fresh water for agricultural, industrial, and municipal uses has placed tremendous stress on water resources; irrigating crops with fresh water is expensive and unsustainable. Using unconventional water sources such as oilfield produced water (PW) and treating PW with physical treatment methods such as electromagnetic treatment may overcome water-limitation challenges. A germination experiment was conducted using treated and untreated PW to examine the effect on the germination of iron and clay cowpeas (ICCs) since germination is the stage at which plants are most sensitive to external factors and stresses. The results from the study showed that ICCs germinated when irrigated with higher salinity water that was treated using the electromagnetic technology. A plant growth study was also conducted to assess the effect of electromagnetic treatment of high-salinity PW on the growing ability and crop health of ICCs. A reduction in leaf area expansion rate, the first indicator of salt stress on plants, was observed. After 14 days, plants showed early signs of salt stress such as wilting, lightening in color, and reduction in leaf area. After 28 days, plants watered with higher salinity PW (21,475–42,950 mg/L total dissolved solids) died and plants watered with lower salinity PW (< 21,475 mg/L total dissolved solids) survived but grew smaller than plants irrigated using fresh water. Results from both experiments suggested a potential total dissolved solids limit of ICCs or electromagnetic technology (or both) between 4000 and 10,000 mg/L. The results further suggested that while the electromagnetic technology did not have a strong effect on plant growth, high-salinity water might be treated for reuse in agriculture.
Dysregulation of Sqstm1, mitophagy, and apoptotic genes in chronic exposure to arsenic and high-fat diet (HFD)
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a toxic and hazardous metalloid. Unfortunately, its presence in drinking water together with wrong nutritional patterns is associated with an increase in the occurrence of metabolic disorders in young people. Degradation of mitochondria is presented by a specific form of autophagy called mitophagy which is an important landmark leading to apoptosis during lipotoxicity. Lipotoxicity and cellular toxicity due to arsenic intake can lead to changes in mitophagy and apoptosis. The protein derived from SQSTM1 gene, also called p62, plays an important role in energy homeostasis in the liver, and it can contribute to the regulation of autophagic responses given its effect on signaling of mTOR, MAPK, and NF-KB. Consequently, changes in Sqstm1, mitophagy (BNIP3), and apoptotic (caspase 3) genes in the livers of NMRI mice were examined with the use of real-time RT-PCR Array followed by exposure to an environmentally relevant and negligible cytotoxic concentration of arsenite (50 ppm) in drinking water while being fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet (LFD) for 20 weeks (LFD-As and HFD-As groups). While LFD-As and HFD groups showed a decrease in BNIP3 expression, a significant increase was observed in the HFD-As group. P62 gene showed downregulation in LFD-As and HFD groups, and upregeneration was observed in the HFD-As group. Caspase 3 showed increased expression as the key factor associated with apoptotic liver cell death in the three groups, with the highest value in HFD-As group. Overall, the changes observed in the expression of Sqstm1, BNIP3, and caspase 3 in this study can be related to the level of liver damage caused by exposure to arsenic and HFD and probably, BNIP3 pro-apoptotic protein is associated with an increased cell death due to HFD and As.
Assessing the ratio of Bacillus spores and vegetative cells by shotgun proteomics
Abstract
Mass spectrometry for rapid identification of microorganisms is expanding over the last years because this approach is quick. This methodology provides a decisive interest to fight against bioterrorism as it is applicable whatever the pathogen to be considered and often allows subtyping which may be crucial for confirming a massive and widespread attack with biological agents. Here, we present a methodology based on next-generation proteomics and tandem mass spectrometry for discovering numerous protein biomarkers allowing the discrimination of spores and vegetative cells of Bacillus atrophaeus, a biowarfare simulant. We propose a global quantitative evaluation of the two groups of discriminant biomarkers based on their aggregated normalized spectral abundance factors.
Inter-rater Agreement Between Exposure Assessment Using Automatic Algorithms and Using Experts
Abstract
Objectives
To estimate the inter-rater agreement between exposure assessment to asthmagens in current jobs by algorithms based on task-based questionnaires (OccIDEAS) and by experts. Methods
Participants in a cross-sectional national survey of exposure to asthmagens (AWES-Asthma) were randomly split into two subcohorts of equal size. Subcohort 1 was used to determine the most common asthmagen groups and occupational groups. From subcohort 2, a random sample of 200 participants was drawn and current occupational exposure (yes/no) was assessed in these by OccIDEAS and by two experts independently and then as a consensus. Inter-rater agreement was estimated using Cohen's Kappa coefficient. The null hypothesis was set at 0.4, because both the experts and the automatic algorithm assessed the exposure using the same task-based questionnaires and therefore an agreement better than by chance would be expected. Results
The Kappa coefficients for the agreement between the experts and the algorithm-based assessments ranged from 0.37 to 1, while the agreement between the two experts ranged from 0.29 to 0.94, depending on the agent being assessed. After discussion by both experts the Kappa coefficients for the consensus decision and OccIDEAS were significantly larger than 0.4 for 7 of the 10 asthmagen groups, while overall the inter-rater agreement was greater than by chance (P < 0.0001). Conclusions
The web-based application OccIDEAS is an appropriate tool for automated assessment of current exposure to asthmagens (yes/no), and requires less time-consuming work by highly-qualified research personnel than the traditional expert-based method. Further, it can learn and reuse expert determinations in future studies.“Green” UV‐LED Gel Nail Polishes from Bio‐Based Materials
International Journal of Cosmetic Science, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
A dermatoscopic portrait of morphological changes of vulvar melanosis over time
JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, EarlyView.
Complete response to pembrolizumab after initial progress in a patient with metastatic uveal melanoma
JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, EarlyView.
Nail clipping with onychomycosis and surprise clue to the diagnosis of nail unit melanoma
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, Volume 45, Issue 11, Page 803-806, November 2018.
Treatment of mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome with romidepsin: a series of 32 cases of the French Study Group for Cutaneous Lymphoma
British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Case Series showing efficacy of ALA‐Photodynamic therapy for Epidermal Growth factor Receptor Inhibitors‐induced paronychia and pyogenic granuloma like lesions
British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Life expectancy with and without dementia: a population-based study of dementia burden and preventive potential
Abstract
Reliable population estimates of life-expectancy with dementia are required for shaping health care policy. 10,348 persons from the population-based Rotterdam Study were followed from 1990-2015 for dementia and death. We created multi-state lifetables, and assessed the effect of postponing disease onset. During 120,673 person-years, 1,666 persons developed dementia, and 6,150 died. Overall life-expectancy of women ranged from 18.0 years (95% confidence interval:17.8-18.2) at age 65 to 2.3 years (2.2-2.3) at age 95. Of total life-expectancy at age 65, 5.7%, i.e. 1.0 year (1.0-1.1), was lived with dementia, increasing with age to 42.1% (1.0 year,0.9-1.0) of life-expectancy at age 95. For men, overall life-expectancy ranged from 15.6 years (15.4-15.9) at age 65 to 1.8 years (1.7-1.8) at age 95, of which 3.7% (0.6 year,0.5-0.6) and 35.3% (0.6 year,0.5-0.7) was lived with dementia, respectively. Postponing dementia onset by 1-3 years resulted in 25-57% reductions in years lived with dementia. Survival after dementia diagnosis ranged from 6.7 (95%CI 5.3-8.1) years when diagnosed before age 70, to 2.6 years (2.3-2.9) >90 years. Dementia places a large burden on individuals and society in terms of healthy life-years lost, but this is potentially highly amendable by preventive interventions at the population level.Reductions in Cigarettes per Day and Mortality Among Older Adults in The United States
Abstract
Many smokers do not quit but instead reduce the number of cigarettes that they smoke per day (CPD) over their lifetime, yet the associations of such changes in CPD with health risks are unclear. We examined the association of changes in CPD with subsequent mortality (2004-2011) among 253,947 participants of the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. We identified cigarette smokers who quit, decreased, maintained, or increased their CPD between ages 25-29 and 50-59 using a questionnaire assessing smoking history in 2004-2005. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were from multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression. Relative to never smokers, smokers who maintained a consistent CPD had 2.93 times (95%CI: 2.82, 3.05) higher all-cause mortality risk, with still higher risks observed in participants who increased their CPD (HR: 3.37, 95%CI: 3.23, 3.52). Risks were lower among participants who decreased their CPD (HR: 2.38, 95%CI: 2.25, 2.52) or quit smoking (HR for quitting between 30-39 years: 1.32, 95%CI: 1.25, 1.39). Similar patterns were observed for smoking-related causes of death, with particularly strong associations for lung cancer and respiratory disease. Reductions in CPD over the lifetime meaningfully decrease mortality risk. But cessation provides a larger benefit than even large declines in CPD.Target Validity and the Hierarchy of Study Designs
Abstract
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to problems of external validity, specifically to methodological approaches for both quantitative generalizability and transportability of study results. However, most approaches to these issues have considered external validity separately from internal validity. Here, we argue that considering either internal or external validity in isolation may be problematic. Further, we argue that a joint measure of the validity of an effect estimate with respect to a specific population of interest may be more useful: we call this proposed measure target validity. In this work, we introduce and formally define target validity as the total difference between the true causal effect in the target population and the estimated causal effect in the study sample. We illustrate this measure with a series of examples and show how this measure may help us to think more clearly about comparisons between experimental and non-experimental research results. Specifically, we show that even perfect internal validity does not ensure that a causal effect will be unbiased in a specific target population.Synthesis, theoretical, spectroscopic and electrochemical DNA binding investigations of 1, 3, 4-thiadiazole derivatives of ibuprofen and ciprofloxacin: Cancer cell line studies
Publication date: Available online 9 October 2018
Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology
Author(s): Shahid Iqbal Farooqi, Nasima Arshad, Pervaiz Ali Channar, Fouzia Perveen, Aamer Saeed, Fayaz Ali Larik, Aneela Javeed
Abstract
Two new 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives of ibuprofen and ciprofloxacin namely {(5-(1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine)} 1 and {(3-(5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-7-(piperazin-1-yl)quinolin-4(1H)-one)} 2 were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic and elemental analysis. DFT and molecular docking were done initially for theoretical binding possibilities of the investigated compounds. In vitro DNA binding investigations were carried out with UV–visible spectroscopic, fluorescence spectroscopic, cyclic voltammetric (CV) experiments under physiological conditions of the stomach (4.7) and blood (7.4) pH and at normal body temperature (37 °C). Both theoretical and experimental results suggested spontaneous and significant intercalative binding of the compounds with DNA. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters (Kb, ΔG) were evaluated greater for compound 2 which showed comparatively more binding and more spontaneity of 2 than 1 to bind with DNA at both pH values. Binding site sizes were found greater (n > 1) and revealed the possibility of other sites for interactions along with intercalation. Overall results for DNA binding were found more significant for 2 at Stomach (4.7) pH. Viscometric studies further verified intercalation as a prominent binding mode for both compounds. IC50 values obtained from human hepatocellular carcinoma (Huh-7) cell line studies revealed 2 as potent anticancer agent than 1 as value found 25.75 μM (lesser than 50 μM). Theoretical and experimental DNA binding studies showed good correlation with cancer cell (Huh-7) line activity of 1 and 2 and further suggested that these compounds could act as potential anti-cancer drug candidates.
Graphical Abstract
Photodynamic inactivation of non-enveloped RNA viruses
Publication date: Available online 9 October 2018
Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology
Author(s): Hussaini Majiya, Oluwapelumi O. Adeyemi, Morgan Herod, Nicola J. Stonehouse, Paul Millner
Abstract
We recently reported the photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of bacteriophage MS2 with a photosensitiser- 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis (1-methyl-4-pyridinio) porphyrin- tetra- p-toluene sulfonate (TMPyP) in solution and concluded that the A-protein of the virus is the main target of inactivation. Here, we have extended these studies and carried out PDI of bacteriophage Qβ, bovine enterovirus 2 (BEV-2) and type 1 murine norovirus (MNV-1). The rate of inactivation observed was in the order MS2 > Qβ > MNV-1 > BEV-2. Data suggested that TMPyP-treatment could also target the viral genome as well as result in disintegration/disassembly of viral particles. Although emergence of viral drug resistance is a well-documented phenomenon, it was not possible to generate PDI-resistant MS2. However, emergence of a mutation in the lysis protein was detected after serial exposure to PDI.
Chalazodermie amyloïde multifocale. Le concept d’élastopathie immunoglobulinémique
Publication date: Available online 9 October 2018
Source: Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): G. Hazemann, L. Gusdorf, M. Mitcov, C. Lenormand, D. Lipsker
Résumé
Introduction
Des altérations du tissu élastique dermique surviennent au cours de différentes entités, associées à une synthèse anormale d'immunoglobulines par un clone plasmocytaire, comme dans l'élastose amyloïde, l'amylose cutanée nodulaire anétodermique ou la cutis laxa associée à une gammapathie monoclonale. Nous rapportons le cas d'une amylose cutanée immunoglobulinémique révélée par une présentation chalazodermique inhabituelle et revisitons le spectre anatomoclinique des altérations du tissu élastique au cours des maladies impliquant une synthèse anormale d'immunoglobulines.
Observation
Une femme de 67 ans consultait pour des lésions non infiltrées anétodermiques du flanc gauche évoluant depuis une dizaine d'années. Elle avait aussi une plaque molle chalazodermique axillaire droite. Des biopsies révélaient des dépôts amyloïdes dermo-hypodermiques marqués par les anticorps anti-chaînes légères lambda en immunohistochimie, tandis que la coloration par l'orcéine et la microscopie électronique montraient une disparition quasi-complète des fibres élastiques. Il n'y avait pas d'argument en faveur d'une amylose systémique, mais une gammapathie monoclonale IgG lambda à l'état de traces est apparue au cours du suivi.
Discussion
Il s'agit d'une présentation clinique chalazodermique tout à fait inhabituelle d'une amylose immunoglobulinémique, ne s'intégrant dans aucun cadre nosologique clairement défini. Cela met en évidence les interactions complexes entre les protéines dérivées des immunoglobulines, incluant les chaînes légères et lourdes, et les composants du tissu élastique, conduisant à différents types d'altérations de ce dernier. Nous proposons donc le concept unificateur d'élastopathie immunoglobulinémique, soulignant la nécessité de rechercher une gammapathie monoclonale chez les patients atteints d'altérations du tissu élastique.
Summary
Introduction
Impairment of dermal elastic tissue occurs in different entities associated with immunoglobulins or immunoglobulin-derived protein-secreting clonal plasma cell proliferations, such as amyloid elastosis, anetodermic nodular amyloidosis or monoclonal gammopathy-associated cutis laxa. We report a case of cutaneous immunoglobulinemic amyloidosis revealed by a unique chalazodermic presentation and we review elastic tissue impairment in patients with monoclonal gammopathies.
Observation
A 67-year-old woman consulted for non-infiltrated anetodermic lesions on the upper left quadrant of her abdomen present for ten years. She also had a chalazodermic plaque with abnormal skin wrinkling and laxity in her right axilla. Biopsies revealed deep dermal and subcutaneous amyloid deposits. Immunohistochemistry with lambda light chain was positive. Orcein staining and electron microscopy showed extensive elastolysis. The patient presented no signs of systemic involvement, but a very small amount of monoclonal IgGλ gammopathy was detected during follow-up.
Discussion
This is a unique chalazodermic presentation of immunoglobulinemic amyloidosis that does not fit into a clearly-defined nosological setting. It highlights the complex interactions between immunoglobulin-derived proteins, including light and heavy chains, and elastic tissue components, leading to different types of impairment of the latter. We therefore suggest the unifying concept of immunoglobulinemic elastopathy, underscoring the need to screen for monoclonal gammopathy in patients presenting elastic tissue impairments.
The Impact of Tree Nut Oral Food Challenges on Quality of Life and Acute Reactions in Nut Allergic Patients
Publication date: Available online 9 October 2018
Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
Author(s): Jennifer A. Dantzer, Robert A. Wood
zxcvbnUS Trends in Mortality Rates for Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases
Publication date: Available online 9 October 2018
Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
Author(s): Evans R. Fernández Pérez, Maya Hunter, Rohit K. Katial
The simple 10-item PARC tool to predict childhood asthma – an external validation
Publication date: Available online 9 October 2018
Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
Author(s): Eva S.L. Pedersen, Ben D. Spycher, Carmen de Jong, Florian Halbeisen, Alban Ramette, Erol A. Gaillard, Raquel Granell, A John Henderson, Claudia E. Kuehni
Abstract
Background
External validation of prediction models is important to assess generalisability to other populations than the one used for model development. The Predicting Asthma Risk in Children (PARC) tool, developed in the Leicestershire Respiratory Cohort (LRC), uses information on preschool respiratory symptoms to predict asthma at school age.
Objective
We performed an external validation of PARC using the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC).
Methods
We defined inclusion criteria, prediction score items at baseline and asthma at follow-up in ALSPAC to match those used in LRC using information from parent-reported questionnaires. We assessed performance of PARC by calculating sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratios, area under the curve (AUC), Brier score and Nagelkerke's R-squared. Sensitivity analyses varied inclusion criteria, scoring items and outcomes.
Results
The validation population included 2690 children with preschool respiratory symptoms of which 373 (14%) had asthma at school age. Discriminative performance of PARC was similar in ALSPAC (AUC=0.77, Brier score 0.13) as in LRC (0.78, 0.22). The score cut-off of 4 showed the highest sum of sensitivity (69%) and specificity (76%) and positive and negative likelihood ratios of 2.87 and 0.41, respectively. Changes to inclusion criteria, scoring items or outcome definitions barely altered the prediction performance.
Conclusion
Performing equally well in the validation cohort as in the development cohort, PARC is a valid tool for predicting asthma in population based cohorts. Its use in clinical practice is ready to be tested.
Does Obesity Increase Respiratory Tract Infections in Patients with Asthma?
Publication date: Available online 9 October 2018
Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
Author(s): Monica Tang, Robert J. Henderson, Janet T. Holbrook, Loretta G. Que, Anne M. Mathews, Robert A. Wise, Anne E. Dixon, Stephen P. Peters, Linda Rogers, Lewis J. Smith, W. Gerald Teague, Jason E. Lang
Abstract
Background
Since respiratory tract infections (RTIs) precede most exacerbations, better understanding of the risk factors of RTIs and RTI-associated exacerbations in patients with asthma is a pressing public health need. Obesity in patients with asthma is associated with worse asthma control and higher asthma-associated healthcare utilization but its effect on RTI risk is unknown.
Objective
We aimed to study the association of BMI classification on the risk of self-reported RTIs and related asthma morbidity among adults and children with asthma.
Methods
This post-hoc analysis of five large asthma trials involving 747 children and 1287 adults compared BMI classification, defined as lean, overweight and obese based on age-appropriate body mass index (BMI) and BMI-percentile conventions. The primary outcome was rate of visits with RTIs. Secondary asthma outcomes included upper respiratory infection (URI) severity, systemic steroid use, and healthcare contact.
Results
Children had 1.4 times the rate of RTI compared to adults (95% CI 1.27-1.56). In all participants, BMI classification did not affect the rate of visits with RTI. In children, BMI classification did not affect URI severity, all-cause asthma events or RTI-associated asthma events. However, in adults, higher BMI classification was associated with an increase in moderate/severe URI (p=0.02). Adults with higher BMI classification also had increased rates of all-cause and RTI-associated asthma exacerbations requiring systemic steroids and healthcare contact.
Conclusions
BMI classification was not associated with increased risk of RTIs in children or adults. In adults only, obesity was associated with increased URI severity and all-cause and RTI-associated asthma morbidity.
On the fragmentalist interpretation of special relativity
Abstract
Fragmentalism was first introduced by Kit Fine in his 'Tense and Reality' (Modality and tense: philosophical papers, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 261–320, 2005). According to fragmentalism, reality is an inherently perspectival place that exhibits a fragmented structure. The current paper defends the fragmentalist interpretation of the special theory of relativity, which Fine briefly considers in his paper. The fragmentalist interpretation makes room for genuine facts regarding absolute simultaneity, duration and length. One might worry that positing such variant properties is a turn for the worse in terms of theoretical virtues because such properties are not involved in physical explanations and hence theoretically redundant. It will be argued that this is not right: if variant properties are indeed instantiated, they will also be involved in straightforward physical explanations and hence not explanatorily redundant. Hofweber and Lange, in their 'Fine's Fragmentalist Interpretation of Special Relativity' (Noûs 51:871–883, 2017), object that the fragmentalist interpretation is in tension with the right explanation of the Lorentz transformations. It will be argued that their objection targets an inessential aspect of the fragmentalist framework and fails to raise any serious problem for the fragmentalist interpretation of special relativity.
Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola: a histopathologic pitfall
JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, EarlyView.
Disseminated Trichosporon asahii infection in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia
The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Novel MBTPS2 mutation causes a mild phenotype of ichthyosis follicularis with atrichia and photophobia syndrome in a Chinese pedigree
The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Demographic and clinical features of hidradenitis suppurativa in Korea
The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.
Epidermal barrier function in healthy black South African infants compared with adults
Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.
BRAF Mutation in Papillary Thyroid cancer ‐ prevalence and clinical correlation in a Southeast Asian cohort
Clinical Otolaryngology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Effect of adjuvant radiotherapy on the local recurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma with perineural invasion: a systematic review
Clinical Otolaryngology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Log margin‐to‐thickness ratio improves disease‐specific survival prediction in oral cancer: A single cancer center database
Clinical Otolaryngology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Jessner–Kanof lymphocyte infiltration responded well to impulse intralesional corticosteroid
Dermatologic Therapy, EarlyView.
Sunscreens are no harmless substitutes for mindful behavior under the sun
Dermatologic Therapy, EarlyView.
Update of calcineurin inhibitors to treat inverse psoriasis: A systematic review
Dermatologic Therapy, EarlyView.
A patient with delusional infestation by proxy: Issues for vulnerable adults
Dermatologic Therapy, EarlyView.
Low dose isotretinoin for pigmented post‐varicella scars
Dermatologic Therapy, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
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