Anti-oxidative effects of 17 β-estradiol and genistein in human skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes

Estrogens have been widely shown to exert many important beneficial effects in skin physiology [1] targeting, among others, keratinocytes and fibroblasts [2]; their importance in the maintenance of human skin homeostasis is highlighted by the acceleration of skin aging that can be observed in postmenopausal women [3]. Overall, estrogens not only improve collagen content and quality, but they also increase skin thickness and vascularization [4] and enhance keratinocytes migrations, as demonstrated also in the wound healing process [5,6].