The Relationship between Bone Remodeling and the Clockwise Rotation of the Facial Skelton – A Computed Tomography Imaging based Evaluation

Objective: Changes in midfacial skeletal angles and widths have been identified to contribute to the appearance of the aging face. However, information on the onset and gender differences of these changes, as well as a complete understanding of the theory behind this clockwise rotation, remain elusive. Material and Methods: 157 Caucasian individuals (10 males and 10 females of each: 20 – 29yrs, 30 – 39yrs, 40 – 49yrs, 50 – 59yrs, 60 – 69yrs, 70 – 79yrs, 80 – 89yrs & 8 males and 9 females 90 – 98 years) were investigated. Multi-planar computed tomographic scans with standardized angle and distance measurements in all 3 anatomical axes (x, y, z) in alignment to the sella – nasion (horizontal) line were conducted. Results: Both males and females displayed an increase in orbital floor angle (p