MicroRNA-340 inhibits squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion by downregulating RhoA

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) originates from the malignant transformation of epidermal keratinocyte with over 250,000 incidences in the United States every year [1,2]. The risk factors of SCC mainly include exposure to UV radiation, chemical carcinogens and immunosuppression [3]. Specifically, the patients who received immunosuppressive therapy, such as organ transplant recipients (OTRs), are at an increasing risk of SCC. While most sporadic SCCs can be cured by surgery and/or radiation therapy, the OTR-derived SCCs are characterized by a high frequency of metastasis, greatly contributing to the patients' mortality [4–6].