Enhanced sterilization and healing of cutaneous pseudomonas infection using 5-aminolevulinic acid as a photosensitizer with 410-nm LED light

After the discovery of penicillin by Fleming in 1929, various antibiotics have been discovered and developed, making it one of the most important medical interventions to reduce morbidity and mortality [1,2]. However, multi-resistant bacteria have emerged due to the misuse of antibiotics [3], and we are challenged by this new threat. Thus, new means for treating infections that do not rely on antibiotics are needed.