Modified Z‐plasty of the internal nasal valve ‐ to treat mechanical nasal obstruction: How we do it

Abstract

The internal nasal valve (INV) is bound by the nasal septum, inferior turbinate and the upper lateral cartilage (ULC). It is the most important determinant of nasal airflow, and critical for nasal breathing. The normal internal nasal valve angle is 10‐15^o.¹ Even a small change in the INV angle can have a significant impact on nasal airflow.

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