Bovine Acellular Dermal Matrix in Immediate Breast Reconstruction: A Retrospective, Observational Study with SurgiMend

Background: Acellular dermal matrices can be combined with implant-based breast reconstruction to help optimize outcomes. SurgiMend PRS is a fetal bovine dermis–derived acellular dermal matrix composed of type I collagen and approximately 30 percent type III collagen, sharing many of the properties of human cadaveric acellular dermal matrix. Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center analysis of 111 adult patients (147 breasts) undergoing one-stage (83.7 percent) or two-stage (16.3 percent) immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy. The aims were to characterize the safety profile of SurgiMend and investigate associations between risk factors and complications. Results: The mean age of the patients was 47.9 years and the mean body mass index was 24.7 kg/m2. After a median follow-up of 24.3 months, the overall rates of minor and major complications were 25.2 percent (n = 37 of 147) and 12.9 percent (n = 19 of 147), respectively. The most common major complications were seroma [n = 12 (8.2 percent)] and necrosis [n = 9 (6.1 percent)]. All occurred within 3 months after surgery. The rate of capsular contracture was 2.7 percent (n = 4). A total of 2.7 percent of implanted breasts (n = 4) required explantation. In a univariate analysis, smokers had a greater risk of major complications (p = 0.013), and postoperative radiation therapy and obesity were associated with an increased risk of capsular contracture (p = 0.006) and explantation (p = 0.006), respectively. In a multivariate analysis, several factors were associated with complications or explantation, including obesity (p