A 3-variable prognostic score (3-PS) for overall survival prediction in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with 223 Radium-dichloride

Abstract

Objective

In mCRPC patients treated with ²²³Ra, a major issue is the validation of reliable prognostic and predictive biomarkers to maximize clinical benefit and minimize toxicities and costs. Bearing in mind how changes in tALP did not meet statistical requirements as surrogate marker for survival, aim of this single-center retrospective study was to characterize the prognostic and predictive role of baseline clinical variables associated with overall survival in patients receiving ²²³Ra treatment.

Methods

92 consecutive CRPC patients with symptomatic bone metastases receiving ²²³Ra treatment were included. Available baseline clinical data relevant to the survival analysis were retrospectively collected. The primary end-point of the study was overall survival, which was established from the first ²²³Ra administration until date of death from any cause.

Results

Median follow-up time from the first ²²³Ra administration was 6 months (range 1–31 months). The univariate analysis evaluating the prognostic value of all baseline clinical variables showed that patients' weight, BMI, ECOG PS, Hb and tALP values were independently associated with OS. On multivariable analysis only baseline Hb value and ECOG PS remained significantly correlated with OS. To determine reliable baseline predictive factors for survival in patients receiving ²²³Ra treatment, we produced a predictive score. We tried all possible variable combinations, and found that the best score was obtained by combining baseline ECOG PS with Hb < 12 g/dl and PSA ≥ 20 ng/ml. This resulted in a score ranging from 0 to 4, with AUC 78.4% (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

We propose a multidimensional clinical evaluation to select those mCRPC subjects suitable to receive the maximum benefit from ²²³Ra treatment.