Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis

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Παρασκευή 12 Οκτωβρίου 2018

Diabetes Is Associated with Cognitive Decline in Middle-Aged Patients

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, Ahead of Print.

The Prevalence and Psychological Impact of Cyberbullying on Undergraduate Students at an HBCU

Violence and Gender, Ahead of Print.

Claudin‐1 expression decreases with increasing pathological grade in actinic keratosis and may be a marker of high‐risk actinic keratosis

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.

Skin cancer phototype: a new classification directly related to skin cancer and based on responses from 2,869 individuals

Photodermatology, Photoimmunology &Photomedicine, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

Usefulness of dermoscopy/dermatoscopy to improve the clinical and histopathologic diagnosis of skin cancers

Multiple studies have shown that dermoscopy increases the sensitivity and specificity for the detection of skin cancers compared to naked-eye examination. Dermoscopy can also lead to the detection of thinner and smaller cancers. Furthermore, dermoscopy leads to more precise selection of lesions requiring excision. In essence, dermoscopy helps clinicians differentiate benign from malignant lesions through the presence or absence of specific dermoscopic structures. Therefore, since most dermoscopic structures have direct histopathologic correlates, dermoscopy can allow the prediction of certain histologic findings present in skin cancers, thus helping select management and treatment options for select types of skin cancers.

Dermoscopy/dermatoscopy and dermatopathology correlates of cutaneous neoplasms

Dermoscopy is increasingly used by clinicians (dermatologists, family physicians, podiatrists, doctors of osteopathic medicine, etc.) to inform clinical management decisions. Dermoscopic findings and/or images provided to pathologists offer an important insight into the clinician's diagnostic and management thought process. However, with limited dermoscopic training in dermatopathology, dermoscopic descriptions and images provided in the requisition form will provide little value to pathologists.

Orbital decompression in thyroid eye disease

Thyroid eye disease is an orbital inflammatory manifestation of autoimmune thyroid disease that results in orbital congestion and can lead to significant cosmetic disfigurement, diplopia, and vision loss. Typically, there is an active, inflammatory phase that transitions into a quiescent, fibrotic state. Management of this condition consists of regulation of the underlying thyroid disease, modulation of risk factors, supportive care for symptoms, and both medical and surgical treatment of ocular sequelae.

Indication and Technique of Orbital Exenteration

Orbital exenteration is a rare, severely disfiguring operation for the treatment of malignant orbital tumors. The tumors can arise from the orbit, metastasize to the orbit from distant sites, or invade the orbit from surrounding structures. The technique of exenteration mandates complete removal of the intraorbital contents, sometimes including the encompassing bony structures. This article will describe the indications and technique of orbital exenteration, as well as complications and several reconstructive strategies.

Imaging of the Human Orbit

Imaging of the human orbit has significantly improved the diagnosis and management of orbital conditions. Prior to the use of CT and MRI imaging, the value of plain radiographs of the orbit was very limited. Today, modern imaging techniques are an essential adjunct to the physical examination of the eye and orbit, can confidently limit the differential, and in many cases yield a specific diagnosis. In addition, the value of imaging cannot be understated in surgical planning for orbital conditions.

Anatomy of the Human Orbit

The contents of the human orbit develop from all embryonic germinal layers to form diverse and specialized interconnected structures, whose unified function is that of providing sight. A thorough knowledge of these structures and their inter-relationships is imperative for the head and neck surgeon. This article will discuss the structures contained within the orbit from a surgical perspective in the hope of expanding the head and neck surgeon's knowledge and comfort when treatment indication necessitates entry into this space.

Mutations in PERP cause dominant and recessive keratoderma

Investigation of genetic determinants of Mendelian skin disorders has substantially advanced understanding of epidermal biology. Here we show that mutations in PERP, encoding a crucial component of desmosomes, cause both dominant and recessive human keratoderma. Heterozygosity for a C-terminal truncation, which produces protein that appears to be unstably incorporated into desmosomes, causes Olmsted syndrome with severe periorificial and palmoplantar keratoderma in multiple unrelated kindreds. Homozygosity for an N-terminal truncation ablates expression and causes widespread erythrokeratoderma, with expansion of epidermal differentiation markers.