Maternal diet during breastfeeding in correlation to calcium and phosphorus concentrations in human milk

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Maternal diet during breastfeeding in correlation to calcium and phosphorus concentrations in human milk via Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics Abstract Background The impact of maternal diet on minerals concentration in human milk (HM) remains unclear. The main aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between maternal dietary intake and calcium and phosphorus concentrations in HM. Furthermore, we aimed to evaluate the intake of both minerals by exclusively breastfed infants. Methodology HM samples were obtained from 30 mothers at 6-8 weeks postpartum. Each mother was asked to express pre- and post-feeding milk four times during 24-h period (6.00-12.00, 12.00-18.00, 18.00-24.00, 24.00-6.00). Maternal dietary assessment was based on food frequency questionnaire and 3-day dietary records. Analyzed minerals were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (NexION 300D ICP Mass Spectrometer, Perkin Elmer SCIEX, USA). Results The mean concentrations of calcium and phosphorus in HM samples were 278.7 ± 61.0 mg/L and 137.1 ± 21.9 mg/L, respectively, maintaining 2:1 ratio b y weight. The concentration of both minerals was correlated with each other (r=0.632, p=<0.001). The infants' mean calcium intake was 149.53 ± 36.41 mg/L and for phosphorus it was 74.62 ± 19.41 mg/L. The risk of insufficient intake of calcium was reported in 60% of infants (n=18). Spearman/Pearson correlation coefficients did not reveal any correlations between HM calcium concentration and maternal diet, contrary to HM phosphorus concentration, which was positively correlated with energy (r=0.369, p=0.045), total protein (r=0.464, p=0.01), calcium (r=385, p=0.036), phosphorus (r=501, p=0.005), niacin (p<0.001) and pyridoxine (r=382, 0.037) intake. However, in multivariable analysis we observed that maternal dietary intake of both minerals had positive influence on their concentration in HM. Conclusion Maternal calcium and phosphorus intake influenced concentration of both minerals in HM, however the relationship was rather weak. Additionally, we observed that c alcium intake by most of the exclusively breastfed infants was insufficient to meet the recommended daily intake. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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