Predictive Value of Risk Factors for Pharyngocutaneous Fistula After Total Laryngectomy

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Predictive Value of Risk Factors for Pharyngocutaneous Fistula After Total Laryngectomy via The Laryngoscope Multiple patient-, disease-, and surgery-related factors are risk factors for pharyngocutaneous fistula. In particular, postoperative hypoproteinemia could be a good predictive factor for pharyngocutaneous fistula in patients undergoing total laryngectomy. Objectives To assess the predictive value of various risk factors for pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) after total laryngectomy. Methods The characteristics of each study were collected from six databases up to January of 2022. Risk for bias was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Results A total of 58 studies in 9845 patients were included in the analysis. The incidence of PCF was 21.69%, 95% confidence intervals (CI) [0.20; 0.24] in the included studies. Age (OR = 1.33, 95% CI [1.12; 1.58]), postoperative anemia (OR = 2.29, 95% CI [1.47; 3.57]), diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.81, 95% CI [1.20; 2.71]), tumor site (above or below the glottis) (OR = 1.47, 95% CI [1.15; 1.88]), previous radiation therapy (OR = 2.06, 95% CI [1.56; 2.72]), previous tracheostomy (OR = 1.26, 95% CI [1.04; 1.53]), surgery timing (salvage vs. primary) (OR = 2.08, 95% CI [1.46; 2.97]), extended total laryngectomy (including pharyngectomy) (OR = 1.96, 95% CI [1.28; 3.00]), primary tracheoesophageal puncture (OR = 0.61, 95% CI [0.40; 0.93]), and postoperative hypoproteinemia (OR = 9.98, 95% CI [3.68; 27.03]) were significantly associated with the occurrence of PCF. In view of predictive ability, pos toperative hypoproteinemia showed the highest accuracy (sensitivity = 51%, specificity = 90%, area under the curve = 0.84). Conclusion Multiple patient-, disease-, and surgery-related factors are risk factors for PCF. In particular, postoperative hypoproteinemia could be a good predictive factor for PCF in patients undergoing total laryngectomy. Laryngoscope, 2022 View on Web

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Feasibility of robotic thyroidectomy via hairline incision using da Vinci single port system: Initial experience with 40 consecutive cases

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Feasibility of robotic thyroidectomy via hairline incision using da Vinci single port system: Initial experience with 40 consecutive cases via Head & Neck Abstract Background This study aimed to introduce our robotic technique, which can minimize dissection extent using the da Vinci SP robotic system via hairline incision. Methods Forty patients underwent robotic thyroidectomy using the da Vinci SP robotic system via a hairline incision between February 2020 and April 2021 at Ulsan University Hospital. All procedures were performed successfully by one surgeon using the SP robotic system. Results Hemithyroidectomies were performed in 32 patients and total thyroidectomies in eight patients. Central neck dissection was performed in 32 patients. The overall mean operative time was 140.2 ± 50.7 min, and the mean console time was 74.0 ± 42.7 min. All patients were discharged on the second or third day after operation without any complications. Conclusions Robotic thyroidectomy using the SP robotic system via hairline incision is technically feasible and safe, with a shorter incision length when compared with that of the Xi system. View on Web

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Effects of baloxavir and oseltamivir antiviral therapy on the transmission of seasonal influenza in China: a mathematical modeling analysis

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Effects of baloxavir and oseltamivir antiviral therapy on the transmission of seasonal influenza in China: a mathematical modeling analysis via Journal of Medical Virology Abstract New antiviral influenza treatments can effectively alleviate illness while reducing viral shedding. However, how such effects can translate into lower population infections of seasonal influenza in China remains unknown. To shed light on the public health impacts of novel antiviral agents for influenza, we constructed a dynamic transmission model to simulate the seasonal influenza epidemics in China. Two antivirus treatments, baloxavir and oseltamivir, were evaluated by estimating their impacts on the incidences of influenza infection in a single flu season. In the base-case analysis of 10% antiviral treatment uptake rate, 2,760 and 3,420 per 10,000 persons contracted influenza under the treatment of baloxavir and oseltamivir, respectively. These incidence rates amounted to a 18.90% relative risk reduction (RRR) of infection associated with baloxavir in relation to oseltamivir. The corresponding RRR was 82.16% when the antiviral treatment uptake rate was inc reased to 35%. In addition, the peak of the prevlance of infected individuals (per 10,000 persons) under the baloxavir treatment was 177 (Range: 93 to 274) fewer than that of oseltamivir. Our analyses suggest that the baloxavir treatment strategy reduces the incidence of influenza in China compared with oseltamivir in the setting of a seasonal flu epidemic. Also, increasing the uptake rate of antiviral treatment can potentially prevent millions of infections during a single flu season. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Morphology of Peri‐Implant Tissues around Permanent Prostheses with Various Emergence Angles Following Free Gingival Grafting

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Morphology of Peri‐Implant Tissues around Permanent Prostheses with Various Emergence Angles Following Free Gingival Grafting via Journal of Prosthodontics Abstract Purpose To analyze the tissue morphology around implant-supported prostheses by digital technology and to evaluate the effect of prosthetic contours on the changes in tissues following free gingiva graft procedure. Material and Methods A total of 53 implants in 32 patients receiving free gingiva grafts were selected. These had previously presented insufficient keratinized mucosa width (KMW). At the follow-up visits (mean: 16.66 ±9.97 months), the implant position and tissue condition were documented with an oral scanner. Vertical soft tissue thickness (VT), measured from the implant-abutment connection to the marginal tissues, and horizontal soft tissue thickness (HT), at the level of the platform, were calculated. The VT, HT and emergence angle (EA) of prostheses were assessed by 3Shape analyzing software. The final KMW was measured by clinical assessment. Marginal bone loss (MBL) was calculated in the follow-up bitewing radiographs. Results The mean VT in the study was 2.65 ±0.75 mm at the mid-buccal sites, 3.74 ±1.22 mm at the mesial, 3.16 ±1.08 mm at the distal, and 2.53 ±0.92 at the mid-lingual aspects. The mid-buccal HT was 1.45 ±0.53 mm while the mid-lingual was 1.05 ±0.43 mm (P = 0.008). Interestingly, prostheses with mid-buccal EA>30∘ exhibited slightly lower VT, but higher HT, than the ones with EA≤30∘. Prostheses with proximal EA>30∘ displayed slightly more MBL, compared to prostheses with EA≤30∘. The mean KMW was 4.08 ±1.10 mm. Conclusions Free gingival grafting is a predictable treatment approach to augmenting soft tissue 3-dimensionally. Prostheses with EA≤30∘ were preferable for preserving the maximal VT and maintaining crestal bone stability. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved View on Web

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The association of specific types of vegetables consumption with 10‐year type II diabetes risk: Findings from the ATTICA cohort study.

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The association of specific types of vegetables consumption with 10‐year type II diabetes risk: Findings from the ATTICA cohort study. via Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics Abstract Background To investigate the association between vegetable consumption, in total as well as per type/ category, and 10-year type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence. Methodology ATTICA study was conducted during 2001-2012 in 3,042 apparently healthy adults living in Athens area, Greece. A detailed biochemical, clinical, and lifestyle evaluation was performed; vegetables' consumption (total, per type) was evaluated through a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. After excluding those with no complete information of diabetes status or those lost at the 10-year follow-up, data from 1,485 participants were used for the current analysis. Results After adjusting for several participants' characteristics, including overall dietary habits, it was observed that participants consuming at least 4 servings/day of vegetables had 0.42-times lower risk of developing T2DM [HR (95% CI): 0.42 (0.29, 0.61)]; the benefits of consumption we re greater in women [HR (95% CI): 0.29 (0.16, 0.53)] as compared to men [HR (95% CI): 0.56 (0.34, 0.92)]. Only 33% of the sample consumed vegetables 4 servings/day. The most significant associations were observed for allium vegetables in women and for red/orange/yellow vegetables, as well as for legumes in men. Principal conclusions The intake of at least 4 servings/day of vegetables was associated with a considerably reduced risk of T2DM, independently of other dietary habits; underlying the need for further elaboration of current dietary recommendations at population level. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Association Between Inferior Turbinate Hypertrophy and Extraesophageal Reflux

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Association Between Inferior Turbinate Hypertrophy and Extraesophageal Reflux via JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Online First This cohort study examines the association between inferior turbinate hypertrophy and extraesophageal reflux in patients at 3 referral centers. View on Web

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Dysphagia in a Patient With Sarcoidosis

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Dysphagia in a Patient With Sarcoidosis via JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Online First This case report describes a woman in her 70s with a medical history of sarcoidosis, atrial fibrillation, asthma, gastroesophageal reflux disease, Schatzki's ring status after multiple dilations, pulmonary hypertension, and hypothyroidism who presented with a more than 10-year history of dysphagia and was found to have sarcoid involvement of the upper esophageal sphincter. View on Web

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Prevalence of anti‐Parvovirus B19 IgG and IgM and Parvovirus B19 viremia in pregnant women in an urban area of northern Italy

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Prevalence of anti‐Parvovirus B19 IgG and IgM and Parvovirus B19 viremia in pregnant women in an urban area of northern Italy via Journal of Medical Virology Abstract Parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection in pregnancy is mostly asymptomatic, but can cause complications including abortion and foetal hydrops. Although its infection is ubiquitous, seroprevalence among pregnant women varies according to different geographical areas. Since seroprevalence data in Italy are limited, the prevalence of antibodies and DNA in pregnant women was evaluated retrospectively, correlating the clinical situation of mothers and newborns. One thousand eight hundred and ninety-three sequential sera were examined from pregnant women (60.8% in the first trimester, 16.6% in the second one and 22.6% in the third one, respectively) for anti-B19V IgG and IgM (confirmed by immunoblot); 1402 (74.1%) were of Italian origin and 491 (25.9%) non-Italian women. Molecular tests were used to search for viral genome. One thousand three hundred and fifteen (69.5%) samples were IgG-positive, 21 (1.1%) IgM-positive for and 578 (30.5%) non-immune. The difference in Ig G seroprevalence between Italian (71.1%) and non-Italian women (64.8%) was statistically significant. Of the 21 IgM-positive women, 16 were confirmed positive also by immunoblot (prevalence: 0.8%), of which 11 were viraemic (prevalence: 0.6%; mean 1.3x104 geq/mL). Mothers were asymptomatic, and the newborns had no clinical signs of congenital infection. IgG seroprevalence in Italy is high, with differences between Italian women and non-Italian women from geographic areas with lower endemic levels of B19V. The consistent migratory flows in place could lead to an increase in the number of susceptible women. The prevalence of viremia is low, and has not been associated with evident foetal damage at birth. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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SARS‐CoV‐2 ORF10 antagonizes STING‐dependent interferon activation and autophagy

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader SARS‐CoV‐2 ORF10 antagonizes STING‐dependent interferon activation and autophagy via Journal of Medical Virology Abstract A characteristic feature of COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, is the dysregulated immune response with impaired type I and III interferon (IFN) expression and an overwhelming inflammatory cytokine storm. RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) and cGAS-STING signaling pathways are responsible for sensing viral infection and inducing IFN production to combat invading viruses. Multiple proteins of SARS-CoV-2 have been reported to modulate the RLR signaling pathways to achieve immune evasion. Although SARS-CoV-2 infection also activates the cGAS-STING signaling by stimulating micronuclei formation during the process of syncytia, whether SARS-CoV-2 modulates the cGAS-STING pathway requires further investigation. Here, we screened 29 SARS-CoV-2-encoded viral proteins to explore the viral proteins that affect the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and found that SARS-CoV-2 ORF10 targets STING to antagonize IFN activation. Overexpression of ORF10 inhibits cGAS-ST ING-induced IRF3 phosphorylation, translocation, and subsequent IFN induction. Mechanistically, ORF10 interacts with STING, attenuates the STING-TBK1 association, and impairs STING oligomerization and aggregation and STING-mediated autophagy; ORF10 also prevents the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi trafficking of STING by anchoring STING in the ER. Taken together, these findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 ORF10 impairs the cGAS-STING signaling by blocking the translocation of STING and the interaction between STING and TBK1 to antagonize innate antiviral immunity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Voice Therapy Improves Acoustic and Auditory‐Perceptual Outcomes in Children

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Voice Therapy Improves Acoustic and Auditory‐Perceptual Outcomes in Children via The Laryngoscope This study examined the effects of voice therapy in 129 children diagnosed with benign vocal fold lesions. Significant improvements were observed in auditory-perceptual assessments, jitter, Noise-to-Harmonic Ratio (NHR), and cepstral peak prominence (CPP) on sustained vowels, as well as CPP and Low-to-High Ratio (LHR) on connected speech. CPP effectively quantified voice therapy gains and allowed for analysis of connected speech. These findings demonstrate the value of CPP as a tool in assessing pediatric voice therapy outcomes and support the efficacy of voice therapy for children presenting with benign vocal fold lesions. Purpose This study employed acoustic measures as well as auditory-perceptual assessments to examine the effects of voice therapy in children presenting with benign vocal fold lesions. Methods A retrospective, observational cohort design was employed. Sustained vowels produced by 129 children diagnosed with benign vocal fold lesions were analyzed, as well as connected speech samples produced by 47 children. Treatment outcome measures included Consensus of Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V), jitter, shimmer, Noise-to-Harmonic Ratio (NHR), cepstral peak prominence (CPP), and Low-to-High Ratio (LHR) on sustained vowels, and CPP and LHR on connected speech. Results Following voice therapy, significant improvements in CAPE-V ratings (p < 0.001) were observed. Additionally, jitter (p = 0.041), NHR (p = 0.019), and CPP (p < 0.01) on sustained vowels, and CPP (p = 0.002), and LHR (p = 0.008) on connected speech significantly improved following voice therapy. CPP increased with age in males but did not change in females. CAPE-V ratings and perturbation measures indicated that dysphonia was more severe in younger children pre and post-therapy. Conclusions Auditory-perceptual and acoustic measures demonstrated improved voice quality following voice therapy in children with dysphonia. CPP effectively quantified voice therapy gains and allowed for analysis of connected speech, in addition to sustained vowels. These findings demonstrate the value of CPP as a tool in assessing therapy outcomes and support the efficacy of voice therapy for children presenting with vocal fold lesions. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 2022 View on Web

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