Diabetes mellitus: Plasticizers and nanomaterials acting as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (Review)

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Diabetes mellitus: Plasticizers and nanomaterials acting as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (Review) Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2022 Apr;23(4):288. doi: 10.3892/etm.2022.11217. Epub 2022 Feb 16. ABSTRACT Various plasticizers and nanomaterials have been linked to endocrine disruptors or endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) which represent a large, heterogeneous, yet incompletely understood group of structures acting on normal and pathological body pathways such as hormonal production, secretion, transport and receptor binding. By contrast, various applications of nanoparticles are currently under investigation since the delivery of useful drugs, particularly insulin in diabetes mellitus, is essential in case of insulin deficiency. The aim of the present review was to introduce and examine different plasticizers and nanomaterials with potential applications for diabetic patients (such as selenium or gold-based nanoparticles that help the oral delivery of insulin) or plasticizers/nanomaterials acting similarly to EDCs in relation to the human and an imal body, particularly glucose metabolism impairment such as diabetes mellitus (DM). Bisphenol A is a chemical used worldwide; however, the effect of exposure varies with regard to the source, environment, time of exposure and the age of the organism. Daily exposure is mostly related to food and drinks stored in polycarbonate plastics. However, exposure may also be through the skin or through the maternal placenta or breast milk which are risk factors for the fetus and for the newborn. It exerts an estrogen-like profile, but it also induces insulin resistance by impairing peripheral insulin receptors or it decreases insulin secretion by acting at the level of insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells. Phthalates, compounds of flexible plastics, act as EDCs via their human metabolites such as diethyl phthalate and derivative monoethyl phthalate. Their role in inducing gestational DM and weight gain/obesity during pregnancy has been showcased. The vast field of plasticizers and nanomolec ules acting as endocrine disruptors is widely linked to clinical aspects of DM, a serious condition with a major population impact. The importance of understanding and using these agents and applications is reflected in saving numerous human lives. PMID:35317436 | PMC:PMC8908456 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2022.11217 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.