Publication date: Available online 16 January 2019
Source: Archives of Oral Biology
Author(s): Farhan Shah, Per Stål, Jian Li, Barry J. Sessle, Limor Avivi-Arber
Abstract
Objective
to determine if tooth loss and dental implant placement in rats induce changes in the morphological and histochemical features of the Anterior Digastric muscle.
Design
Adult maleSprague-Dawley rats had their right maxillary molar teeth extracted. 'Extraction-1' and 'Extraction-2 groups were sacrificed, respectively, 4 ) or 8 weeks later, and an Implant group had an implant placement 2 weeks after the molar extraction, and rats were sacrificed 3 weeks later (n = 4/group). Naive rats (n = 3) had no treatment. Morphometric and immunohistochemical techniques quantified Anterior Digastric muscle myofibres' cross-sectional area (CSA) and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform proportions. Significant ANOVAs were followed by post-hoc tests; p < 0.05 and 0.1 were considered to reflect levels of statistical significance.
Results
In naïve rats, the peripheral regions of the Anterior Digastric muscle dominated by MyHC-IIx/b isoform and there were no MyHC-I isoforms; the central regions dominated by MyHC-IIx/b and MyHC-IIa isoforms. Compared with naive rats, tooth extraction produced, 8 (but not 4) weeks later, a decreased proportion of fast-contracting fatigue-resistant MyHC-IIa isoform (p = 0.08), and increased proportion of fast and intermediate fatigue-resistance MyHC-IIa/x/b isoform (p = 0.03). Dental implant placement following tooth extraction attenuated the extraction effects but produced a decreased proportion of fast-contracting fatiguable MyHC-llx/b isoform (p = 0.03) in the peripheral region, and increased inter-animal variability in myofibre-CSAs.
Conclusions
Given the crucial role that the Anterior Digastric muscle plays in many vital oral functions (e.g., chewing, swallowing), these changes may contribute to the changes in oral sensorimotor functions that occur in humans following such treatments.
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