Dermatologic Reactions to Novel Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Dermatologic toxicities secondary to immune checkpoint inhibitors are prevalent and can be difficult to manage in the setting of underlying malignancy. This review summarizes the mucocutaneous adverse events associated with these agents and provides management options for varying degrees of presentation.

Recent Findings

Pruritus and rash are the most common dermatologic findings, but other manifestations such as vitiligo, lichenoid reactions, bullous pemphigoid, alopecia, and mucosal lesions have been observed. More recently, novel cases of rarer side effects, such as immunotherapy-induced scleroderma, fasciitis, and dermatomyositis, have been reported. Management often involves topical corticosteroids while more severe reactions require systemic treatment or discontinuation of immunotherapy.

Summary

Immune checkpoint inhibitors comprise a newer class of agents used in the treatment of various cancers. There is an increasing number and variety of cutaneous toxicities being reported as more of these immunotherapies are being used. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in effective management of these skin toxicities.