Epidemiology of Dermatophyte Infections among School Children in Menoufia Governorate, Egypt

Abstract

Background

Most superficial mycotic infections of human skin are due to dermatophytes. Children are frequently affected due to different predisposing factors, particularly overcrowding in classrooms.

Objectives

To estimate the prevalence of dermatophytes infections and their related risk factors among school children in Menoufia Governorate, Egypt.

Subjects and Methods

Six public primary and preparatory schools were randomly selected and their pupils (n= 3464) were asked to complete a predesigned questionnaire covering both personal data and suspected risk factors for superficial dermatophyte infections. The children were also examined for dermatological diseases. Any suspected lesions were biopsied for mycological examination.

Results

The prevalence of clinically suspected dermatophytes infections was (1.41%) while the prevalence of culture confirmed cases was (0.98%). The most common clinical type was tinea capitis with a prevalence of (1.01%). Microsporum canis was the only isolated organism from the suspicious lesions with a 69.4% positivity rate. A higher prevalence was observed among boys, low socio-economic pupils and those with a family history of dermatophyte infections. Pet contact and sharing towels and caps among pupils were significant risk factors.

Conclusions

Dermatophyte infection is still prevalent among basic school pupils. Fortunately, it is related to preventable risk factors. We recommend regular screening and use of educational health programs for kids to control it.

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