Cyclin D1 promoter -56 and -54bp CpG un-methylation predicts invasive progression in arsenic-induced Bowen’s disease

Globally, hundreds of millions of people are under the challenge of environmental arsenic exposure (WHO 2008). Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that long-term exposure to arsenic is associated with an increased risk of malignant tumors in many organs, such as the skin, lung, and urinary bladder [1]. Arsenic-induced Bowen's disease (As-BD), an intraepidermal carcinoma, is the most prevalent arsenic-induced skin cancer [2–4]. As-BD lesions are able to progress to invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in the skin [4–6].