Reducing gender differences in student motivational‐affective factors: A meta‐analysis of school‐based interventions

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Reducing gender differences in student motivational‐affective factors: A meta‐analysis of school‐based interventions via British Journal of Educational Psychology Abstract Background Research shows that gender differences tend to exist in student motivational-affective factors in core subjects such as math, science or reading, where one gender is stereotypically disadvantaged. Aims This study aimed to investigate strategies that could reduce these gender differences by conducting a meta-analysis on school-based intervention studies that targeted student motivational-affective factors. We therefore evaluated whether interventions had differential effects for male and female students' motivational-affective factors in a given academic subject. We also evaluated potential moderator variables. Method After conducting a systematic database search and screening abstracts for inclusion, we synthesized 71 effect sizes from 20 primary studies. All included studies were conducted in science or mathematics-related subjects, which are stereotypically female-disadvantaged. Results While the interventions had significant positive effects for both genders, there was no statistically significant difference between the two genders with regard to the intervention effects on motivational-affective factors. However, the descriptive effect size for female students (g = .49) was far greater than for male students (g = .28). Moderator analyses showed no significant effects for grade level, intervention duration, or school subject, but there was a significant influence of intervention method used. Conclusions This study demonstrated that school-based interventions have positive effects on motivational-affective factors for both genders. It also provides evidence that interventions in subjects where female students are stereotypically disadvantaged may have greater effects for females than for males. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed. View on Web

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Biophysiological stress markers relate differently to grit and school engagement among lower‐ and higher‐track secondary school students

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Biophysiological stress markers relate differently to grit and school engagement among lower‐ and higher‐track secondary school students via British Journal of Educational Psychology Abstract Background This study examines the relationship between adolescents' biophysiological stress (i.e. cortisol, alpha-amylase and oxidative stress) and the development of grit and school engagement over one school year. Aims The study aims to identify how objective stress affects grit and three dimensions of school engagement. Based on the conservation of resources (COR) theory, the study considers lower- and higher-track school students and their genders. Sample The sample consists of secondary school students (N = 82; MAge = 13.71; SD = 0.67; 48% girls) from Germany. Methods Students participated in a questionnaire and a biophysiological study in the first semester (t1) of the school year and completed the same questionnaire at the end of the school year (t2). After conducting whole-sample analysis, a multi-group cross-lagged panel model was calculated to identify differences among students at lower- and higher-track schools. Results Whole-sample analysis reveals that students who exhibit high levels of cortisol report lower cognitive school engagement at t2, whereas students who exhibit high levels of alpha-amylase exhibit less grit at t2. Additionally, lower-track students who exhibited high cortisol levels reported lower cognitive and emotional school engagement throughout the school year. Furthermore, higher-track students with high oxidative stress levels reported lower grit and behavioural school engagement at t2. Conclusions Examining the relationship between biophysiological stress markers and grit and school engagement of students at lower- and higher-track schools indicates that the educational context and its specific subculture shapes physiological stress reactions, which are related differently to grit and engagement dimensions. View on Web

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INNODIA Master Protocol for the evaluation of investigational medicinal products in children, adolescents and adults with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader INNODIA Master Protocol for the evaluation of investigational medicinal products in children, adolescents and adults with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes via Trials - Latest Articles The INNODIA consortium has established a pan-European infrastructure using validated centres to prospectively evaluate clinical data from individuals with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes combined with centrali... View on Web

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Efficacy and safety of Lenzumestrocel (Neuronata-R® inj.) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALSUMMIT study): study protocol for a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, sham procedure-controlled, phase III trial

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Efficacy and safety of Lenzumestrocel (Neuronata-R® inj.) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALSUMMIT study): study protocol for a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, sham procedure-controlled, phase III trial via Trials - Latest Articles A single cycle (two repeated treatments) with intrathecal autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs, 26-day interval) showed safety and provided therapeutic benefit lasting 6 months in pat... View on Web

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High flow nasal cannula in the management of obstructive sleep Apnoea postoperatively. Is flow a new alternative to positive pressure?

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader High flow nasal cannula in the management of obstructive sleep Apnoea postoperatively. Is flow a new alternative to positive pressure? via ScienceDirect Publication: American Journal of Otolaryngology Publication date: Available online 17 May 2022 Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology Author(s): Abhijit S. Nair, Antonio M. Esquinas View on Web

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Association between sperm mitochondrial DNA copy number and deletion rate and industrial air pollution dynamics

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Association between sperm mitochondrial DNA copy number and deletion rate and industrial air pollution dynamics via Earth and environmental sciences : nature.com subject feeds View on Web

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Changes in global DNA methylation under climatic stress in two related grasses suggest a possible role of epigenetics in the ecological success of polyploids

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Changes in global DNA methylation under climatic stress in two related grasses suggest a possible role of epigenetics in the ecological success of polyploids via Earth and environmental sciences : nature.com subject feeds View on Web

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Total inferior border ostectomy versus T-shape genioplasty for chin narrowing combined with mandibular contouring

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Total inferior border ostectomy versus T-shape genioplasty for chin narrowing combined with mandibular contouring via International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery via MedWorm.com The objective of this study was to compare the indications and outcomes of the total inferior border ostectomy and T-shape genioplasty. A retrospective study was conducted using the clinical notes and records of patients who underwent total inferior border ostectomy (group 1, n  = 42) and T-shape genioplasty (group 2, n = 60). The outcomes were evaluated by assessment of computed tomography images combined with medical records and photographs. Lower facial height, chin width, chin symmetry, and facial proportions, as well as patient satisfaction and complications were investigated. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery) View on Web

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Machine Learning Based Forecast of Dengue Fever in Brazilian Cities using Epidemiological and Meteorological Variables

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Machine Learning Based Forecast of Dengue Fever in Brazilian Cities using Epidemiological and Meteorological Variables via American Journal of Epidemiology - Advance Access Abstract Dengue is a serious public health concern in Brazil and globally. In the absence of a universal vaccine or specific treatments, prevention relies on vector control and disease surveillance. Accurate and early forecasts can help reduce the spread of the disease. In this study, we develop a model to predict monthly dengue cases in Brazilian cities one month ahead from 2007-2019. We compare different machine learning algorithms and feature selection methods using epidemiological and meteorological variables. We find that different models work best in different cities, and a random forests model trained on monthly dengue cases performs best overall. It produces lower errors than a seasonal naïve baseline model, gradient boosting regression, feed-forward neural network, and support vector regression. For each city, we compute the mean absolute error between predictions and true monthly dengue cases on the test set. For the median city, the error is 1 2.2 cases. This error is reduced to 11.9 when selecting the optimal combination of algorithm and input features for each city individually. Machine learning and especially decision tree ensemble models may contribute to dengue surveillance in Brazil, as they produce low out-of-sample prediction errors for a geographically diverse set of cities. View on Web

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METTL3-mediated m6A RNA methylation regulates dorsal lingual epithelium homeostasis

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader METTL3-mediated m<sup>6</sup>A RNA methylation regulates dorsal lingual epithelium homeostasis via International Journal of Oral Science - Issue International Journal of Oral Science, Published online: 17 May 2022; doi:10.1038/s41368-022-00176-2 METTL3-mediated m6A RNA methylation regulates dorsal lingual epithelium homeostasis View on Web

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Isoniazid prophylaxis in liver transplant recipient with latent tuberculosis; Is it harmful for transplanted liver?

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Isoniazid prophylaxis in liver transplant recipient with latent tuberculosis; Is it harmful for transplanted liver? via Transplant Infectious Disease Abstract Background : Liver transplantation (LT) is considered the only treatment for patients with end-stage liver disease and, despite its incredible impacts on the patients' health status, places them in an immunocompromised state in which opportunistic infection would find a way to present. Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) is the most common form of TB and can be diagnosed through Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) or Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRA). LT recipients are at significant risk of TB activation. There is no strict guideline to approaching these cases though, in most centers, Isoniazid (INH) would be prescribed prophylactically. INH is a hepatotoxic medication and can have adverse effects on the transplanted liver. There is no consensus on this issue; therefore, we aimed to survey the potential hepatotoxic effects of INH among LT recipients in Shiraz, Iran. Methods : A retrospective cohort study was conducted among LT candidates and recipients at Abu Ali Sina Organ Transplantation Center between 1993 and 2019. All the cases underwent TST and chest X-ray to detect LTBI. All the LTBI were treated with INH from six to nine months and followed by the level of liver enzymes for quick detection of hepatotoxicity. A control group was selected among LT recipients and matched for age, gender, MELD score, and donor age. Results : Among 4895 medical records reviewed, 55 (1.12%) cases had LTBI. Neither INH-related hepatotoxicity, nor signs and symptoms that were suspicious to TB reactivation were reported. Overall, three deaths were reported, two because of myocardial infarction and one due to pneumonia. Ten patients (18.2%) experienced acute rejection as confirmed with pathology and responded to methylprednisolone. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was diminished from pre-LT time to the first time after transplantation; after that, it showed a steady pattern. Meanwhile, Alanine transaminase (ALT) was constant before and one stage later and decreased after that. Statistical analyses only showed significant changes in the total bilirubin titer between the case and control groups. Conclusion : This survey showed prophylactic management of LTBI with INH in LT candidates and recipients was associated with no hepatotoxicity or related death. It seems INH prophylaxis is safe in LT settings and can efficiently prevent TB activation; however, careful monitoring for adverse effects and liver enzymes elevation is highly recommended. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved View on Web

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