Characterization of the microbiome in the infant diapered area: Insights from healthy and damaged skin

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Characterization of the microbiome in the infant diapered area: Insights from healthy and damaged skin Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract It has been recognized for nearly a century that human beings are inhabited by a remarkably dense and diverse microbial ecosystem, yet we are only just beginning to understand and appreciate the many roles that these microbes play in human health and development. Establishment of the microbiome begins at birth, but many previous studies on infant skin health have focused on Candida species. Little is known on the full microbial composition across different areas and even less is known on how these communities change during disease/inflammatory states. In this clinical study, infants were recruited during periods of diaper dermatitis (DD) and health to characterize the skin microbiome in these two states. Substantial shifts in the skin microbiome were observed across four sites in the diapered area (genitals, intertriginous, buttocks and perianal), as well as during periods of DD. As DD scores increased, there was a shift in relative abundance that demonstrated higher community per centages of faecal coliforms, such as Enterococcus, and lower percentages of Staphylococcus strains. In high-rash samples, the predominant Staphylococcus species is S aureus, potentially implicating S aureus as a DD aetiological agent. This study provides new information related to the microbiome on infant skin in the diapered area and provides insights into the role of the microbiome in the development of DD. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Comparison of the skin microbiota in acne and rosacea

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparison of the skin microbiota in acne and rosacea Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Acne and rosacea, despite their similar clinical presentations, follow distinct clinical courses, suggesting that fundamental differences exist in their pathophysiology. We performed a case-control study profiling the skin microbiota in rosacea and acne patients compared to matched controls. Nineteen rosacea and eight acne patients were matched to controls by age ± 5 years, sex and race. DNA was extracted from facial skin swabs. The V3V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using Illumina MiSeq and analysed using QIIME/Metastats 2.0 software. The mean relative abundance of Cutibacterium acnes in rosacea with inflammatory papules and pustules (20.454% ±16.943%) was more similar to that of acne (19.055% ±15.469%) than that of rosacea without inflammatory papules and pustules (30.419% ±21.862%). C acnes (P = .048) and Serratia marcescens (P = .038) were significantly enriched in individuals with rosacea compared to acne. Investigating the differences between the skin microbiota in acne and rosacea can provide important clues towards understanding the disease progression in each condition. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A systematic review and critical appraisal of metagenomic and culture studies in hidradenitis suppurativa

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A systematic review and critical appraisal of metagenomic and culture studies in hidradenitis suppurativa Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), also known as acne inversa, is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with still largely unknown pathogenesis. While infectious organisms have been identified in lesions of the disease since the 1980s, questions remain over the role that bacteria and microbiome play. Recent studies using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and larger culture-based studies have begun to paint a clearer picture of the microbial world of HS. With this systematic review, we summarize all the work that has been done to date in HS bacteriology, analyse potential pitfalls and limitations of the current studies, and address future directions of investigation. This systematic review attempted to collate and analyse all bacteriology studies done to date. This review was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (1670769) performed in line with the PRISMA checklist. Twenty two studies were identified comprising 862 individual HS patients for culture studies and 206 HS patients for 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies. Methodology tended to be varied, with different sampling, culturing and sequencing methods as well as amount of analysis and stratification of patients. Bacteria identified as elevated in HS lesions in sequencing studies as well as grown from HS lesions in culture studies are identified and discussed. These primarily included the anerobic Gram-negative bacilli Prevotella, Porphyromonas and Fusibacterium, the Gram-positive bacilli Corynebacterium, and the Gram-positive cocci Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Parvimonas. Potential interactions, as well as work in other disease models with related bacteria are also discussed. Areas of further investigation include in vitro studies of interactions between bacteria and keratinocytes, gut and oral microbiome studies and deep sequencing studies for virulence and phage factors. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Retrospective analysis of adjuvant therapy using dabrafenib plus trametinib in Japanese patients with advanced melanoma: analysis of 36 cases

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Retrospective analysis of adjuvant therapy using dabrafenib plus trametinib in Japanese patients with advanced melanoma: analysis of 36 cases Via Melanoma Research - Published Ahead-of-Print Patients with resected stage IIIB, IIIC and IIID melanomas have a high risk of recurrence. Therefore, an appropriate protocol for stage III melanoma is needed. Since adjuvant dabrafenib plus trametinib (D+T) combined therapy and anti-PD1 antibody (Ab) therapy reduce the risk of recurrence in patients with resected st age III BRAF-mutated melanoma, selecting the adjuvant therapy for BRAF-mutated melanoma is controversial. The efficacy and safety profiles of D+T combined therapy in the adjuvant setting were retrospectively analyzed in 36 Japanese. BRAF-mutated advanced melanoma patients. The relapse-free rate (RFR) at 12 months was 82.1% (95% confidential interval (CI), 63.9–92.6%). In the 21 patients who completed the protocol, the RFR at 12 months was 85.7% (95% CI, 64.5–95.9%). In the seven patients whose protocol was interrupted by adverse events, the RFR was 71.4% (95% CI, 35.2–92.4%). The incidence rate of any AEs for all patients was 69.7% (95% CI, 52.5–82.8%), including 13 cases of pyrexia, five cases of skin rash and four cases of liver dysfunction. The present study suggested that D+T therapy in the adjuvant setting is a useful and very tolerable protocol for BRAF-mutated melanoma in the Japanese population. Received 8 June 2021 Accepted 14 July 2021 Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's website, www.melanomaresearch.com. Correspondence to Taku Fujimura, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan, Tel: +81 22 717 7271; fax: +81 22 717 7361; e-mail: tfujimura1@mac.com Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Lower melanoma pulmonary metastatic burden in obese mice: role of FGF-21

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Lower melanoma pulmonary metastatic burden in obese mice: role of FGF-21 Via Melanoma Research - Published Ahead-of-Print Obesity is a risk factor for malignant melanoma. The lungs are main target organs for metastization and their immune response is a key modulator of this mechanism. The concept that the metastatic potential of some types of cancer is reduced or inhibited by obesity, known as the obesity paradox, drives major concerns on the prognosis of metastasized patients. The aim of this study was to investigate how high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity affects melanoma metastization. C57Bl6/J mice were fed with HFD or standard diet for 180 days and inoculated intravenously with B16F10 melanoma cells. Upon 21 days of inoculation, lung tissue of overweight and lean mice was assessed for histology and immunohistochemistry assays. Adipokine antibody arrays were performed in mice serum. In vitro RAW 264.7 macrophage cultures were established and incubated with FGF-21 and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Conditioned media was added to B16F10 cells for viability quantification. HFD-fed mice presented a reduced number of metastases with lower proliferative rates. The high content of inflammatory foci observed in noninoculated obese mice was significantly decreased upon B16F10 inoculation, concurrent with a slight fibrosis reduction. Plasma levels of fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21), an endocrine regulator, were elevated in noninoculated HFD mice and the expression of FGF receptor 1 (FGFR-1) was significantly upregulated after inoculation. FGF-21 reduced melanoma viability in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Altogether, these findings suggest that higher amounts of FGF-21 are able to counterbalance the proinflammatory effects associated with obesity, protecting the lungs from melanoma metastization. Received 17 December 2020 Accepted 17 August 2021 Correspondence to Pedro Coelho, PhD, Chemical Sciences and Biomolecules, School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400 4200 - 072 Porto, Portugal, Tel: +351 222 061 000; e-mail: pvc@ess.ipp.pt Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Prospective study of clinical characteristics of melanoma patients with retinopathy caused by a high-dose interferon α-2b

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Prospective study of clinical characteristics of melanoma patients with retinopathy caused by a high-dose interferon α-2b Via Melanoma Research - Published Ahead-of-Print Retinopathy is a rare side effect of interferon α-2b treatment. The goal of this study was to prospectively investigate the clinical characteristics of Chinese patients with melanomas who developed retinopathy following high doses of interferon α-2b (HD-IFN) therapy. The study included 56 melanoma stage I–III pat ients that were treated with HD-IFN. Fourty-three patients developed HD-IFN-induced retinopathies. Forty-three melanoma patients (76%) developed retinopathy after being treated with HD-IFN. Among these patients, 49% had cotton–wool spots, 19% had retinal hemorrhage, and 30% had retinal hemorrhage. The median time of occurrence of retinopathy was 4 weeks after treatment, and the median time of duration was 4 weeks. No patient showed other symptoms except one who had blurred vision. A comparison of clinical characteristics (age, gender, primary site, stage, and ulceration) and laboratory examinations (white blood cell and platelet counts, hemoglobin, serum lactate dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and lipid) between the HD-IFN-induced retinopathy patients and nonretinopathy patients did not show any significant differences (P > 0.05). Although all patients that developed retinopathy h ad diabetes or hypertension, an equal percentage of patients were without retinopathy had diabetes or hypertension. HD-IFN therapy in patients with melanomas may induce mild retinopathy. Our results; however, do not necessarily suggest to discontinue the HD-IFN treatment because retinopathy is a reversible disorder. Received 24 October 2020 Accepted 8 July 2021 Correspondence to Di Wu, PhD, Cancer Center, the 1st Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin St, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021 ChinaTel: +86 431 88783170; e-mail: wudi1971@jlu.edu.cn Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Risk Factors for Procurence of Mucormycosis and its Manifestations Post Covid-19: a Single Arm Retrospective Unicentric Clinical Study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Risk Factors for Procurence of Mucormycosis and its Manifestations Post Covid-19: a Single Arm Retrospective Unicentric Clinical Study Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract To assess the risk factors causative of ROCM post COVID-19. To determine the clinical manifestations, causative factors leading to surge in ROCM & factors contributing to poor prognosis in ROCM cases occurring in Western Rajasthan post COVID-19. In a Retrospective observational study, 56 post COVID-19 ROCM patients were analyzed from 'May–June 2021' at M.D.M. Hospital, Jodhpur. All patients after onset of disease were assessed as per selection criteria, included patients were examined for risk factors and clinical manifestations & then were statistically evaluated. Median age was 53 years with male to female ratio 2.7:1. Uncontrolled diabetes was noted in at least 85% patients. Steroid use was seen in 66%. Other major contributing factor to ROCM was the occupation; Out of 56 patients 69% were FARMERS.72% had no history of COVID-19 vaccination. Only 3% had no underlying disease. Overall mortality rate was 16% .2 determinants were associated with poor prognosis: higher HbA1c-Out of 7 cases of orbital exenteration, 6 (85%) had HbA1c > 12. 36% took immoderate amounts of Steam inhalation. Maxillary sinuses were the most involved sites (94%). Orbital involvement was seen in 33 and 12% were PL negative. Palatal involvement & intracranial involvement were seen in 14% and 7% respectively. Bilateral disease was seen in 28%. Uncontrolled DM & Humid working conditions came out to be the main predisposing factors for ROCM. Facial pain is considered to be the most common presenting complain. Maxillary sinus is the most involved site. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Effect of Glycerol Administration on ECochG and VEMP Findings in Individual with Meniere's Disease

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effect of Glycerol Administration on ECochG and VEMP Findings in Individual with Meniere's Disease Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract The present study aimed to find the effect of glycerol administration on Electrocochleography (ECochG), cervical and ocular Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential (c-VEMP, o-VEMP) findings in individual with Meniere's disease. Sixteen participants (32 ears) diagnosed with Meniere's disease underwent ECochG, c-VEMP and o-VEMP for both pre and 1 h post-glycerol administration. Paired t-test indicated that the SP/AP ratio of ECochG measures was significantly improved with post-glycerol administration. There was no significant difference in the mean amplitude of o-VEMP and c-VEMP between pre and post-glycerol administration. However, while individual differences were compared, 75% of the participants reported either improvement in c-VEMP amplitude or newly emerging c-VEMP& o-VEMP. Based on the recommendation by Adams et al. (Otolaryngol Clin North Am 43(5):995–1009, 2010), the improvement on these tests results with post glycerol administration were cons idered as a significant indicator for the presence of Meniere's disease.With post glycerol administration, the present study found that 84%of participants were found to have an improvement in the amplitude for ECochG measures. There was an improvement in the amplitude measures of o-VEMP and c-VEMP, which were observed in 75% and 68%of participants respectively with post-glycerol administration. Improvement in the amplitude of test measures with post-glycerol administration were observed to be more for cochlear potentials of ECochG followed by vestibular potentials of c-VEMP and o-VEMP. Thus, improvement of ECochG amplitude with post-glycerol administration might serve as an additional indicator for the presence of Meniere's disease. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The Efficacy of Septal Quilting Sutures Versus Nasal Packing in Septoplasty

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The Efficacy of Septal Quilting Sutures Versus Nasal Packing in Septoplasty Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Nasal packing is the classic method adopted by many otolaryngologists to stabilize the nasal septum and decrease the occurrence of postoperative bleeding and septal hematoma after septoplasty. However, because of its associated postoperative morbidity, many surgeons started to adopt alternative methods. This study aimed to assess the outcome and benefits of septal quilting sutures in comparison to nasal packing after septoplasty. A prospective non-randomized comparative interventional study was carried out at two teaching hospitals in Mosul city from January 2020 to January 2021. A total of 60 patients who were candidates for septoplasty, were included in the study. According to the surgeon's preference; 30 patients had placement of septal quilting sutures (group A), and in the other 30 patients nasal packing was performed (group B). Patients were assessed for postoperative morbidity and early outcome in the first 24 h, 1 week and 1 month postopera tively. In the first 24 h after septoplasty, patients in group B had significantly higher levels of nasal/facial pain, headache, sleep disturbance, breathing difficulties and swallowing difficulties compared to group A (p < 0.001). Over the follow up period of 1 month, no significant differences were recorded regarding postoperative bleeding, hematoma, infection, adhesions formation and septal perforation between the two groups (p > 0.05). Septal quilting sutures technique is more favorable in the early period in terms of patient discomfort after septoplasty, better nasal block and nasal/facial pain, the absence of misery on pack removal, with minimal bleeding after surgery. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Variation of Harmonics to Noise Ratio from the Age Range of 9–18 Years Old in both the Genders

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Variation of Harmonics to Noise Ratio from the Age Range of 9–18 Years Old in both the Genders Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Voice is the perception of physical complexity of the laryngeal tone modified by a resonating cavity. The voice parameters are the vital signs of an individual to project their personality and gender. The basic acoustical parameters of voice are: Fundamental frequency, Intensity, Jitter, Shimmer and Harmonics to noise ratio (HNR) and among these parameters HNR is the most significant. The voice component represents the periodic and aperiodic signals and predominantly aperiodic signals. There are many research work have been documented on acoustical analysis of voice with narrowed age range at different zonals in India. The motive of the study was mainly focused on the ratio between periodic and aperiodic components of voice and its changes from pre pubertal to post pubertal stages in both the genders. Due to the paucity of literature on changes in HNR in developing children, the present study was conducted to find out how do the changes in HNR occur in both the g enders. Observational study design with convenient sampling method was used for the collection of raw data. A total of 198 subjects comprising of group I males (n = 99) and group II females (n = 99). These groups were further subdivided into 9 sub groups in males (n = 99) and females (n = 99) based on the age range. Sustained phonation of /a/ was used as a stimulus for voice sample. The data was analyzed using PRAAT software. The over mean Harmonic to Noise Ratio was found to be higher in males compared to the females. When age wise comparison was done, a significant difference in the Harmonic to Noise Ratio was found in males with no significant changes noticed in females. The transition in the Harmonic to Noise Ratio in males was seen to start at the age of 14–15 years. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Excising or preserving perforation margins in endoscopic transtympanic cartilage myringoplasty does not affect surgical success

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Excising or preserving perforation margins in endoscopic transtympanic cartilage myringoplasty does not affect surgical success Via Clinical Otolaryngology Abstract Objective To compare the outcome of endoscopic transtympanic cartilage myringoplasty with and without removal of perforation edges for repairing chronic perforations with mucosal chronic otitis media (COM). Study design Quasi-randomized clinical trial. Setting Tertiary referral center. Materials and Methods Patients with chronic perforations and mucosal COM undergoing endoscopic transtympanic cartilage myringoplasty were allocated to a control group for whom the perforation edges were preserved (n=40) and an intervention group for whom the edges were removed (n=39). Mean operation time, graft success rate, mean scores of graft neovascularization and epithelialization, and hearing were compared between the groups at 4 weeks and/or 6 months postoperatively. Results Graft success rate was 95% (38/40) in the control group and 97% (38/39) in the intervention group at 6 months postoperatively; the difference was not significant. Mean graft neovascularization scores 4 weeks postoperatively were 2.52±0.59 in the control group and 2.58±0.55 in the intervention group; the difference was not significant. Mean graft epithelization scores 4 weeks postoperatively were 1.48±0.57 in the control group and 1.68±0.51 in the intervention group; the difference was not significant, and remained nonsignificant 6 months postoperatively (2.5±0.55 vs. 2.76±0.36). Audiological outcomes at 6 months did not differ between the groups. Conclusion Endoscopic, transtympanic cartilage underlay myringoplasty with preservation of the perforation margins did not affect graft neovascularization, epithelialization, or success. Longer-term outcomes and risk of cholesteatoma, require further study. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.