Children with developmental language disorder: a frequency following response in the noise study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Children with developmental language disorder: a frequency following response in the noise study Via Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Mar 2:S1808-8694(21)00023-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.01.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Children with developmental language disorder have been reported to have poor temporal auditory processing. This study aimed to examine the frequency following response. OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to investigate speech processing in quiet and in noise. METHODS: Two groups of children were included in this work: the control group (15 children with normal language development) and the study group (25 children diagnosed with developmental language disorder). All children were submitted to intelligence scale, language assessment, full audiological evaluation, and frequency following response in quiet and noise (+5QNR and +10QNR). RESULTS: Results showed no statically significant difference between both groups as regards IQ or PTA. In the study group, the advanced analysis of frequency following response showed reduced F0 and F2 amplitudes. Results also showed that noise has an impact on both the transient and sustained components of the frequency following response in the same group. CONCLUSION: Children with developmental language disorder have difficulty in speech processing especially in the presence of background noise. Frequency following response is an efficient procedure that can be used to address speech processing problems in children with developmental language disorder. PMID:33766501 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.01.008 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Feasibility of CBCT in Diagnosing Otosclerosis by Measuring CBCT Bone Density: A Preliminary Study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Feasibility of CBCT in Diagnosing Otosclerosis by Measuring CBCT Bone Density: A Preliminary Study Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract The aim of this study was to measure cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) derived bone density of 6 anatomic points around the otic capsule in preoperative assessment of patients with clinically suspected otosclerosis, and to compare these densities with control group. CBCT images of 21 patients (34 ears, the otosclerosis group) with surgically confirmed otosclerosis and 26 patients (52 normal ears, the control group) were evaluated in this prospective study. Six regions of interest (ROI) were set manually around the otic capsule with the slice thickness of 0.3 mm. The mean CBCT bone density these regions were measured and compared in the case and control groups. In the case group, the mean CBCT bone density at the fissula ante fenestram (FAF) was significantly lower than the control group. Moreover, at the 4 points of the other ROIs (3–6) CBCT bone densities were significantly lower in the case group compared to the control group (p < 0.01 ). In this group, among 13 bilateral otosclerosis, 22 ears had conductive hearing loss (CHL), 4 ears had mixed hearing loss (MHL) and among 8 unilateral otosclerosis, 5 ears had CHL, 3 ears had MHL. Our study showed the mean CBCT bone density of ROIs 1 and 6 were correlated with the average air–bone gap in the bilateral and unilateral otosclerosis group, respectively. Quantitative evaluation of CBCT with a slice thickness of 0.3 mm can be used as a suitable tool for diagnosis and follow-up of otosclerosis in temporal bone. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Spindle Cell Carcinoma of Nasal Septum: A Rare Case Report with Review of Literature

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Spindle Cell Carcinoma of Nasal Septum: A Rare Case Report with Review of Literature Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Spindle Cell Carcinoma (SpCC) is a rare neoplasm that occurs mainly in the upper aero-digestive tract, mostly in larynx. We present a case of SpCC arising from nasal septum. Surgical excision was done with postoperative chemo-radiotherapy and the patient is in follow-up and is asymptomatic from the last 24 months. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Socioeconomic, comorbidity, lifestyle, and quality of life comparisons between chronic rhinosinusitis phenotypes

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Socioeconomic, comorbidity, lifestyle, and quality of life comparisons between chronic rhinosinusitis phenotypes Via The Laryngoscope Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous group of inflammatory sinonasal disorders with key defining symptoms, but traditionally separated into phenotypes by clinical/endoscopic findings. It is not known whether the two phenotypes have differing socioeconomic, comorbidity, and lifestyle differences. This analysis of the Chronic Rhinosinusitis Epidemiology Study (CRES) database sought to analyze any key differences in the socioeconomic variables between those with CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) and those without nasal polyps (CRSsNPs). We also sought to analyze differences in comorbidities, lifestyle, and quality of life. Methods Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of CRS in secondary and tertiary care outpatient settings in the UK were invited to participate in a questionnaire‐based case–control study. Variables included demographics, socioeconomic factors, comorbidities, lifestyle factors, and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) (level 3 evidence). Results A total of 1204 patients' data were analyzed: 553 CRSsNP and 651 CRSwNP participants. The key socioeconomic variables did not demonstrate any notable differences, nor did lifestyle variables other than alcohol consumption being higher in those with CRSwNP (P = .032), but the latter was not significant after adjusting for age and sex. Aside from confirmation of asthma being more common in CRSwNP, it was notable that this group complained less of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), and CRSsNP participants showed evidence of worse HRQoL scores in respect of body pain (P = .001). Conclusions Patients with CRSwNP experience higher rates of asthma and lower rates of URTIs; patients with CRSsNP have worse body pain scores. Otherwise, there are no demonstrable significant socioeconomic, comorbidity, lifestyle, or quality of life differences between the two phenotypes. Level of evidence 3 Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Atypical presentations of idiopathic intracranial hypertension

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Atypical presentations of idiopathic intracranial hypertension Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Taiwan J Ophthalmol. 2020 Dec 2;11(1):25-38. doi: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_69_20. eCollection 2021 Jan-Mar. ABSTRACT Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disorder of unknown etiology that results in isolated raised intracranial pressure. Classic symptoms and signs of IIH include headache, papilledema, diplopia from sixth nerve palsy and divergence insufficiency, and pulsatile tinnitus. Atypical presentations include: (1) highly asymmetric or even unilateral papilledema, and IIH without papilledema; (2) ocular motor disturbances from third nerve palsy, fourth nerve palsy, internuclear ophthalmoplegia, diffuse ophthalmoplegia, and skew deviation; (3) olfactory dysfunction; (4) trigeminal nerve dysfunction; (5) facial nerve dysfunction; (6) hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction; (7) lower cranial nerve dysfunction including deviated uvula, torticollis, and tongue weakness; (8) spontaneous skull base cerebrospinal fluid leak; and (9) seizures . Although atypical findings should raise a red flag and prompt further investigation for an alternative etiology, clinicians should be familiar with these unusual presentations. PMID:33767953 | PMC:PMC7971435 | DOI:10.4103/tjo.tjo_69_20 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Performance and characteristics of the Newborn Hearing Screening Program in Campania region (Italy) between 2013 and 2019

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Performance and characteristics of the Newborn Hearing Screening Program in Campania region (Italy) between 2013 and 2019 Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Mar 25. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06748-y. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) in the first month of life is crucial for facilitating both early hearing detection and intervention (EHDI) of significant permanent hearing impairment (PHI). In Campania region, UNHS has been introduced in 2003 by the Regional Council Resolution and started on January 2007. The aim of this paper is to update a previous article describing the performance of the program since its implementation in the period between 2013 and 2019. METHODS: A longitudinal retrospective study was carried at the Regional Reference Center III on 350,178 babies born in the analysis period. The paper reports the main results of overall coverage, referral rate, lost-to-follow-up rate,yield for PHI and shall determine various risk factor associations with hearing impairment RESULTS: In Campania region , 318,878 newborns were enrolled at I level, with a coverage rate of 91.06%, 301,818 (86.18%) Well Infant Nurseries (WIN) and 17,060 (5.35%) Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) babies. PHI was identified in 413 children, 288 (69.73%) bilaterally and 125 (30.26%) unilaterally. The overall cumulative incidence rate of PHI was 1.29 per 1000 live-born infants (95% CI 1.17-1.42) with a quite steady tendency during the whole study period. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the feasibility and effectiveness of UNHS in Campania region also in a setting with major socioeconomic and health organization restrictions.The program meets quality benchmarks to evaluate the progress of UNHS. Nowadays, it is possible to achieve an early diagnosis of all types of HL avoiding the consequences of hearing deprivation. PMID:33768315 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06748-y View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Covid-19 and Ear Surgery: Treatment Strategies and Triage during the Post-lockdown Period

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Covid-19 and Ear Surgery: Treatment Strategies and Triage during the Post-lockdown Period Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract The accumulated disease burden during lockdown period, due to postponement of regular surgeries, is expected to put additional pressure on surgeons during the post-lockdown period. Due to the contagious nature of SARS-CoV-2 and its suspected presence in middle ear mucosa and mastoid, Ear surgeons are bound to face a challenging situation in present times as well as in times to come. Through this article we aim to streamline fresh management strategies particularly for the post-lockdown period keeping in mind that immunity after vaccination may take a few months to develop due to various factors discussed in the article. The ENT Cochrane, Pubmed and Web of Science databases were searched extensively using the terms 'Covid-19 and SARS-CoV-2 in conjunction with Ear surgery and Otology. Data collected from these, put together with our experience helped us in putting forward fresh management strategies to deal with the current situation being experienced worldwide. To reduce the risk of infection to the healthcare staff, we have suggested a new triage strategy for ear surgeries to reduce the accumulated disease burden in the post-lockdown period until immunity by vaccination develops amongst a good number of Ear surgeons. Also we have put forward certain operating guidelines that might prove helpful for the Ear surgeon during these times. Fresh Triage guidelines mentioned in this article are particularly meant to help ear surgeons reduce the accumulated disease burden in the post lockdown-period with ease and efficacy. Since ear surgery poses a risk of infection to the healthcare workers, specific guidelines pertaining to ear surgery during the pandemic are mentioned in detail which in our opinion can be of immense help to all the healthcare professionals involved in ear procedures till the time the vaccine is administered on a large scale. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Ginsenoside Rg2 protects cardiomyocytes against trastuzumab-induced toxicity by inducing autophagy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Ginsenoside Rg2 protects cardiomyocytes against trastuzumab-induced toxicity by inducing autophagy Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 May;21(5):473. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9904. Epub 2021 Mar 11. ABSTRACT Trastuzumab (TZM) significantly improves the outcomes of patients with breast cancer; however, it is associated with severe cardiotoxicity. Ginsenoside Rg2 was reported to exert protective effects against myocardial injury and apoptosis in human cardiomyocytes (HCMs). However, whether ginsenoside Rg2 protects HCMs against TZM-induced toxicity remains unclear. The present study investigated the proliferation of HCMs using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and Ki67 immunofluorescence staining. Apoptotic cells were detected by Annexin V/propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. Furthermore, monodansylcadaverine staining was performed to detect cell autophagy. In addition, western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of phosphorylated (p)-Akt, p-mTOR, beclin 1, microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3α (LC3) and autophagy protein 5 (A TG5) in HCMs. Pretreatment with ginsenoside Rg2 significantly protected HCMs against TZM-induced cytotoxicity by inhibiting apoptosis. Furthermore, pretreatment with ginsenoside Rg2 induced autophagy in HCMs by upregulating the expression levels of p-Akt, p-mTOR, beclin 1, LC3 and ATG5. The results obtained in the present study suggested that ginsenoside Rg2 could protect HCMs against TZM-induced cardiotoxicity by activating autophagy. Therefore, ginsenoside Rg2 may serve as a potential therapeutic agent to prevent TZM-related cardiotoxicity in patients with breast cancer. PMID:33767768 | PMC:PMC7976377 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9904 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio predicts long-term outcomes for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease: A prospective observational cohort study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio predicts long-term outcomes for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease: A prospective observational cohort study Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 May;21(5):465. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9896. Epub 2021 Mar 8. ABSTRACT The fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio index (FAR) is a valuable tool reflecting the systemic inflammation level and associated with the severity of coronary artery disease. However, the utility of the FAR in predicting the long-term prognosis of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multivessel disease has remained to be determined. A total of 424 patients diagnosed with STEMI and multivessel disease were recruited for the present study. They were given emergent percutaneous coronary intervention treatment and then completed a follow-up for primary (all-cause mortality) and secondary endpoints (major adverse cardiac events, including MI, stroke, emergent revascularization and rehospitalization due to heart failure). The association between FAR and the Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score was investigated, while receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was adopted to assess the ability of the FAR to predict long-term outcomes. The long-term survival of high and low FAR groups was compared by drawing Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was adopted to evaluate the risk factors of primary and secondary endpoints. The FAR was revealed to have a linear correlation with the SYNTAX score (y=0.022x+17.737; P=0.015). Furthermore, the FAR was a significant predictor of all-cause death with a cut-off value of 128.4 (area under the curve, 0.832; P<0.001). A significant difference was determined between the high FAR group and the low FAR group in terms of the proportion of patients with the primary endpoint (P<0.001) and secondary endpoint (P=0.001). It was demonstrated that the FAR was an independent risk factor for all-cause death of patients with STEMI and multivessel disease (hazard ratio, 1.029; 95% CI: 1.020-1.037; P<0.001). In summary, the FAR is a valuable biomarker associated with STEMI and may be useful in the prediction of the long-term prognosis of patients with STEMI and multivessel disease. PMID:33767762 | PMC:PMC7976379 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9896 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Negative pressure wound therapy enhances bone regeneration compared with conventional therapy in a rabbit radius gap-healing model

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Negative pressure wound therapy enhances bone regeneration compared with conventional therapy in a rabbit radius gap-healing model Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 May;21(5):474. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9905. Epub 2021 Mar 12. ABSTRACT Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been recognized as an effective method for the treatment of intractable wounds. However, its effects on bone healing remain to be elucidated. Our previous study demonstrated that NPWT induced cell proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of rat periosteum-derived mesenchymal stem cells (P-MSCs). It was reported that following NPWT treatment, the expression of the mechanotransduction molecule integrin β5 is increased, indicating that NPWT may serve an active role in fracture healing by enhancing bone formation and reducing bone resorption. The present study sought to further investigate the efficacy of NPWT on the bone regeneration process in a rabbit radial gap-healing model. All rabbits with radial defects were randomly divided into two groups: NPWT and control groups. Continuous negative pressure at -125 mmHg was applied to all rabbits. Furthermore, X-ray imaging and scoring on day 7, 14, 21 and 28 postoperatively were performed to evaluate new bone formation. Histological changes were determined via hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining at 2- and 4-weeks following surgery. In addition, vimentin-positive cells located in the periosteum were detected via immunohistochemical examination on day 3 post operation. Finally, protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and osteopontin (OPN) were evaluated using western blot analysis on the 2nd and 4th week following NPWT. X-ray and histological examination revealed that the bone-healing processes in the NPWT group were faster compared with the control group. Additionally, compared with the control group, the NPWT group exhibited higher X-ray scores, increased percentage of positive vimentin-stained cells and upregulated expression of VEGF, BMP-2 and OPN p roteins. The aforementioned findings suggest that NPWT, under a continuous negative pressure of -125 mmHg, may accelerate bone regeneration by enhancing MSC proliferation, osteoblastic differentiation and VEGF, BMP-2 and OPN expression. PMID:33767769 | PMC:PMC7976378 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9905 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Effects of sevoflurane general anesthesia during early pregnancy on AIM2 expression in the hippocampus and parietal cortex of Sprague-Dawley offspring rats

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effects of sevoflurane general anesthesia during early pregnancy on AIM2 expression in the hippocampus and parietal cortex of Sprague-Dawley offspring rats Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 May;21(5):469. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9900. Epub 2021 Mar 8. ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of exposure to sevoflurane general anesthesia during early pregnancy on interferon-inducible protein AIM2 (AIM2) expression in the hippocampus and parietal cortex of the offspring Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. A total of 18 SD rats at a gestational age of 5-7 days were randomly divided into three groups: i) A control group (control); ii) 2-h sevoflurane general anesthesia, group 1 (S1); and iii) 4-h sevoflurane general anesthesia, group 2 (S2). The six offspring rats in each group were maintained for 30 days and assessed by Morris water maze testing. Brain specimens were collected from offspring rats 30 days after birth. Changes in the structural morphology of neurons in the hippocampus and parietal cortex were observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Nissl bodies in the hippocampus and pa rietal cortex were observed by Nissl staining. The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), AIM2, CD45 and IL-1β was detected by immunohistochemistry and the protein levels of CD45, IL-1β, pro-caspase-1 and caspase-1 p10 were detected by western blotting. Compared with the control group, offspring rats in the S1 and S2 groups exhibited poor long-term learning and memory ability and experienced different degrees of damage to both the hippocampus and parietal cortex. The expression levels of GFAP, AIM2, CD45, IL-1β, caspase-1 and caspase-1 p10 in the offspring of both the S1 and the S2 groups were significantly increased (P<0.05) compared with offspring of the control group. Moreover, compared with the offspring of the S1 group, hippocampal and parietal cortex injury in the offspring of the S2 group was further aggravated, and the expression of GFAP, AIM2, CD45, IL-1β, pro-caspase-1 and cleaved-caspase-1 was significantly increased (P<0.05). In conclusion, sevof lurane general anesthesia in SD rat early pregnancy promoted the expression of AIM2 and the inflammatory response in the hippocampus and parietal cortex of offspring rats. PMID:33767764 | PMC:PMC7976445 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9900 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.