Embryological development of the human cranio-facial arterial system: a pictorial review.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Embryological development of the human cranio-facial arterial system: a pictorial review. Via radiol anat Related Articles Embryological development of the human cranio-facial arterial system: a pictorial review. Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Jan 25;: Authors: Bertulli L, Robert T Abstract The embryological development of the cerebral vasculature is very complex. Historical and also more recent studies based on human embryos, comparative anatomy and cerebral angiographies allowed us to better understand this vasculature development. The knowledge and understanding of such embryological development are important for physicians interested in neurovascular pathologies. Indeed, all vascular variants and almost all vascular pathologies, such as aneurysms, dolichoectasia, atherosclerosis, and neurovascular conflicts could be explained by an alteration during the embryological life. There are also many variants of these vascular structures present in normal developed adults, which are variably associated with pathological entities. Understanding the process which leads to the development of the normal cerebral arterial system in humans is, therefore, very important to have a better knowledge of the possible clinical and surgical implications of these anomalies. In thi s paper, we review the embryological development of the cranio-facial arterial vasculature from its beginning at approximately days 21-50 of intrauterine life, with pictures illustrating each developmental phase. PMID: 33492439 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Patient iPSC-derived retinal organoids: Observable retinal diseases in-a-dish.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Patient iPSC-derived retinal organoids: Observable retinal diseases in-a-dish. Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Related Articles Patient iPSC-derived retinal organoids: Observable retinal diseases in-a-dish. Histol Histopathol. 2021 Jan 22;:18307 Authors: Zhang XH, Jin ZB Abstract Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), reprogrammed from human somatic cells, hold the capacity to differentiate into most human body cells. iPSCs can be differentiated into retinal organoids, a three-dimensional structured retina containing various retinal cells. Patient-specific retinal organoids provide a powerful disease model to recapitulate the disease to study the pathogenesis of inherited retinal dystrophies, to screen or discover new drugs, and most importantly to supply an unlimited cell source for retinal regeneration. PMID: 33491763 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The relationship between cochleovestibular function tests and endolymphatic hydrops grading on MRI in patients with Menière's disease.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The relationship between cochleovestibular function tests and endolymphatic hydrops grading on MRI in patients with Menière's disease. Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Related Articles The relationship between cochleovestibular function tests and endolymphatic hydrops grading on MRI in patients with Menière's disease. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jan 25;: Authors: Sluydts M, Bernaerts A, Casselman JW, De Foer B, Blaivie C, Zarowski A, van Dinther JJ, Offeciers E, Wuyts FL, Vanspauwen R Abstract PURPOSE: In this retrospective study the relationship between cochleovestibular function and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI-) based classification system of endolymphatic hydrops was investigated. METHODS: Seventy-eight patients with unilateral definite Menière's disease who underwent MRI were included. The parameters of Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA), caloric irrigation test, cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials, and video Head Impulse Test were compared between the grades of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) and perilymphatic enhancement (PE) on MRI. RESULTS: The low-frequency PTA was significantly different between cochlear EH grades I and II (p = 0.036; Grade I: mean (Standard Deviation, SD) = 51 decibel Hearing Level (dB HL) (18 dB HL); Grade II: mean (SD) = 60 dB HL (16 dB HL)), and vestibular EH grades 0 and III (p = 0.018; Grade 0: mean (SD) = 43 dB HL (21 dB HL); Grade III: mean = 60 dB HL (10 dB HL)). The ipsilateral caloric sum of ears with vestibular EH grade I (n = 6) was increased with regards to vestibular EH grades 0 (p = 0.001), II (p < 0.001), and III (p < 0.001) (Grade 0: mean (SD) = 24°/s (15°/s); Grade I: mean (SD) = 47°/s (11°/s); Grade II: mean (SD) = 21°/s (13°/s); Grade III: mean (SD) = 16°/s (8°/s)). CONCLUSION: According to these results we can conclude that only the highest grades of cochlear and vestibular EH seem to be associated with decreased cochleovestibular functioning. PMID: 33492418 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Incidence and survival of HNSCC patients living with HIV compared with HIV-negative HNSCC patients.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Incidence and survival of HNSCC patients living with HIV compared with HIV-negative HNSCC patients. Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Related Articles Incidence and survival of HNSCC patients living with HIV compared with HIV-negative HNSCC patients. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jan 25;: Authors: Haase K, Piwonski I, Stromberger C, Thieme N, Heiland M, Beck-Broichsitter B, Hofmann VM, Kofla G, Sander S, Keilholz U, Neumann K, Stölzel K, Olze H, Arens P, Dommerich S, Coordes A Abstract PURPOSE: The aim was to analyze the incidence and survival of patients living with HIV (PLWH) with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and to compare with a control group of HIV-negative HNSCC patients. METHODS: Clinicopathological data and predictors for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were investigated (2009-2019). RESULTS: 50 of 5151 HNSCC patients (0.97%) were PLWH, and 76% were smokers. Age ≤ 60 years, HIV-PCR ≤ 50 copies, CD4 cells ≤ 200/mm3, cART treatment, T and UICC classification, oral cavity and nasal/paranasal sinuses, and therapy were significantly associated with OS in univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, only age and HIV-PCR independently predicted OS. The OS of the 50 PLWH was not significantly altered compared with the 5101 HIV-negative controls. However, OS and DFS were significantly inferior in advanced tumor stages of PLWH compared with an age-matched control group of 150 HIV-negative patients. CONCLUSIONS: PLWH were diagnosed with HNSCC at a significantly younger age compared to HIV-negative patients. Taking into account patient age at initial diagnosis, both OS and DFS rates in PLWH are significantly worse compared with a matched control group of HIV-negative patients in advanced tumor stages UICC III/IV. The prognosis (OS) is improved when taking cART treatment, the HIV viral load is undetectable and CD4 count is high. PMID: 33492419 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Thyrolipoma and thyrolipomatosis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader [Association of thyrolipoma and thyrolipomatosis: A case report]. Via Laryngologie Related Articles [Association of thyrolipoma and thyrolipomatosis: A case report]. Ann Pathol. 2021 Jan 21;: Authors: Ayadi S, Hammami B, Boudaouara O, Boudawara T, Kallel S, Charfeddine I Abstract We report a rare case of thyrolipoma-thyrolipomatosis' association. A 48-year-old patient, with a past history of high blood pressure and chronic renal failure secondary to AA amyloidosis, presented with a midline neck swelling increasing in size since one year. Ultrasound showed a multinodular goiter, the worst nodule was left-lobar and categorized as EU-TIRADS 4. Grossly, cut section of the thyroïd specimen showed a yellow-tan left-lobar nodule measuring 2.5cm, the surrounding tissue had a diffuse yellow-brown appearance with scattered whitish areas. Histopathologic examination revealed that the nodule corresponded to a follicular adenoma.Thyroid fat infiltration was noticed both within the nodule and in the neighboring parenchyma. Thus, the diagnosis of an association thyrolipoma-thyrolipomatosis was rendered. The association of thyrolipoma-thyrolipomatosis is a very rare occurrence of unclear pathogenesis. To the best of our knowledge, this report describes the second ca se in the literature. The diagnosis is retained on the basis of certain histological features, revealing mature adipose tissue within thyroid gland as a combined nodular and diffuse pattern. PMID: 33487459 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Dipyrone as pre-emptive measure in postoperative analgesia after tonsillectomy in children: a systematic review.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Dipyrone as pre-emptive measure in postoperative analgesia after tonsillectomy in children: a systematic review. Via Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial Related Articles Dipyrone as pre-emptive measure in postoperative analgesia after tonsillectomy in children: a systematic review. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jan 02;: Authors: Stangler MIS, Lubianca JPN, Lubianca JN, Lubianca Neto JF Abstract INTRODUCTION: Tonsillectomy is the 2nd most common outpatient surgery performed on children in the United States of America. Its main complication is pain, which varies in intensity from moderate to severe. Dipyrone is one of the most widely used painkillers in the postoperative period in children. Its use, however, is controversial in the literature, to the point that it is banned in many countries due to its potential severe adverse effects. Because of this controversy, reviewing the analgesic use of dipyrone in the postoperative period of tonsillectomy in children is essential. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to review the analgesic use of dipyrone in the postoperative period of tonsillectomy in children. METHODS: Systematic review of the literature, involving an evaluation of the quality of articles in the databases MEDLINE/Pubmed, EMBASE and Virtual Health Library, selected with a preestablished search strategy. Only studies with a randomised clinical trial design evaluating the use of dipyrone in the postoperative period of tonsillectomy in children were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Only 2 randomised clinical trials were found. Both compared dipyrone, paracetamol, and placebo. We were unable to carry out a metanalysis because the studies were too heterogenous (dipyrone was used as pre-emptive analgesic in one and only postoperatively in another). The analgesic effect of dipyrone, measured by validated pain scales in childhood, was shown to be superior to placebo and similar to paracetamol. It appears that dipyrone exhibits a profile suitable for use in children. However, the scarcity of randomised clinical trials evaluating its analgesic effect in this age group leads to the conclusion that more well-designed studies are still needed to establish the role of dipyrone in the postoperative period of tonsillectomy in children. PMID: 33485779 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Abdominal weakness, bulge, or hernia after DIEP flaps: An algorithm of management, prevention, and surgical repair with classification.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Abdominal weakness, bulge, or hernia after DIEP flaps: An algorithm of management, prevention, and surgical repair with classification. Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS Related Articles Abdominal weakness, bulge, or hernia after DIEP flaps: An algorithm of management, prevention, and surgical repair with classification. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2020 Dec 26;: Authors: Haddock NT, Culver AJ, Teotia SS Abstract BACKGROUND: This study analyzes abdominal weakness, hernia, and bulge following deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction. Abdominal wall morbidities are categorized, and an algorithm for management is provided. METHODS: A retrospective review of 644 patients who underwent abdominal based flap breast reconstruction between 2009 and 2018 and met selection criteria was performed. Bulge and hernia were evaluated on exam and then by imaging and/or operative exploration. The incidence of abdominal weakness was evaluated by BREAST-Q™ data. Risk factors were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 644 patients, 23 (3.6%) had a clinically significant bulge or hernia on exam postoperatively. Developing an abdominal wound postoperatively and sacrificing nerves both correlated with an increased incidence of bulge or hernia (p < 0.05). The use of lateral row perforators, keeping the umbilicus, higher BMI, and the use of biological mesh in the initial abdominal wall repair trended toward an increased incidence of bulge or hernia; however, these data were not statistically significant. Seven percent of patients who answered the BREAST-Q™ reported abdominal weakness. Patients in the umbilicus sacrificing cohort had an increased incidence of weakness (p < 0.05). Abdominal wounds, nerve sacrificing procedures and obesity correlated with an increased incidence of weakness; these data were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: A classification and algorithm for treatment of functional abdominal wall morbidity after DIEP flap is provided. Abdominal wall morbidity is classified as: type 1 - abdominal weakness; type 2 - smaller, unilateral abdominal bulge; and type 3 - true abdominal hernia or large bilateral bulge. An algorithm of treatment is presented, which includes physical therapy and surgical repair recommendations. PMID: 33487570 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Acoustic Reflexes in Aural Atresia Patients: Evidence of an Intact Efferent System?

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Acoustic Reflexes in Aural Atresia Patients: Evidence of an Intact Efferent System? Via otol rhinol Related Articles Acoustic Reflexes in Aural Atresia Patients: Evidence of an Intact Efferent System? Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2021 Jan 24;:3489421990168 Authors: Casazza GC, Gray LC, Hildebrand D, Kesser BW Abstract OBJECTIVE: To record crossed acoustic reflex thresholds (xART's) postoperatively from patients after surgical repair of unilateral congenital aural atresia (CAA). To seek explanations for when xARTs can and cannot be recorded. We hope to understand the implications for this central auditory reflex despite early afferent deprivation. METHODS: Patients who underwent surgery to correct unilateral CAA at a tertiary academic medical were prospectively enrolled to evaluate for the presence of xART. Preoperative ARTs in the normal (non-atretic) ear, and postoperative ipsilateral ARTs (stimulus in the normal ear) and contralateral ARTs (stimulus in the newly reconstructed atretic ear; record in the normal ear) were measured at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz. RESULTS: Four of 11 patients with normal ipsilateral reflex thresholds preoperatively demonstrated crossed acoustic reflexes postoperatively (stimulus in reconstructed ear; record from normal ear). Four other patients demonstrated normal ipsilateral thresholds preoperatively but did not have crossed reflexes postoperatively. No reflexes (pre- or postoperatively) could be recorded in 3 patients. Crossed reflex threshold is significantly correlated with the postoperative audiometric threshold. There was no correlation between ipsilateral and contralateral reflex thresholds. CONCLUSION: Crossed acoustic reflexes can be recorded from some but not all postoperative atresia patients, and the thresholds for those reflexes correlate with the postoperative pure tone threshold. The presence of acoustic reflexes implies an intact CN VIII-to-opposite CN VII central reflex arc despite early unilateral sound deprivation. PMID: 33491463 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Remote Cerebellar Hemorrhage Associated With Intra-Operative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak: A Report of Two Rare Case Presentations and Review of the Literature.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Remote Cerebellar Hemorrhage Associated With Intra-Operative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak: A Report of Two Rare Case Presentations and Review of the Literature. Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Related Articles Remote Cerebellar Hemorrhage Associated With Intra-Operative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak: A Report of Two Rare Case Presentations and Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2020 Dec 14;12(12):e12082 Authors: Di L, Wei G, Eichberg DG, Komotar RJ, Ivan M Abstract Remote cerebellar hemorrhage (RCH) is a rare complication following cranial or spinal neurosurgical procedures. Traditionally, RCH has been associated with frontal or frontotemporal craniotomy with supine patient positioning. Though the exact etiology is unknown, theories have described patient positioning and excessive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage intra-operatively as contributing factors to cerebellar displacement (cerebellar sag), obstruction of venous flow, and pathogenesis of RCH.  We report two cases of RCH following a prone, suboccipital craniotomy-C1 laminectomy and a temporal burr hole evacuation of a subdural hygroma. In each case, a large volume of CSF was rapidly evacuated intra-operatively. To the best of our knowledge, both instances represent relatively rare settings for RCH. Additionally, we conducted a comprehensive literature review of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science for all cases of RCH in which peri-operative CSF leakage was explici tly detailed. Although RCH is thought to be a rare complication of frontotemporal and frontal craniotomies, this case report signifies that RCH may occur in the setting of sub-occipital craniotomy or even after minimally invasive burr hole procedures. For these procedures, careful symptomatic monitoring and follow-up imaging remain essential in diagnosis. Controlled CSF drainage may be useful in mediating dramatic alterations in intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebellar sag contributing to RCH. PMID: 33489500 [PubMed] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Intricacies of the Epitympanum-Endoscopically Revisited

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Intricacies of the Epitympanum-Endoscopically Revisited Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Endoscopic demonstration of the temporal bone and its related structures is a better tool specially for understanding the complex intricacies of the middle ear. In this study we aim to understand the anatomy of the epitympanum/attic with the aid of Otoendoscopy using transmastoid and transattic approaches. Fifty four adult cadaveric temporal bones were dissected at our centre. Transcanal and transmastoid approaches were performed to visualize the middle ear spaces. We could demonstrate Cog, a ridge of bone that extends inferiorly from the tegmen plate just anterior to the head of malleus, epitympanic diaphragm by exploring the three malleal ligamental folds, Prussak's space and its boundaries, pathways of ventilation. Better understanding of the ventilation pathways of the middle ear, restoration of adequate air access in the attic help in better healing and prevent recurrences of diseases. Thus having a three dimentional orientation of the attic and its conten ts aid the surgeon in performing better surgery and thus provide disease free ear. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Predictive Value of Delphian Lymph Node Metastasis in the Thyroid Cancer

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Predictive Value of Delphian Lymph Node Metastasis in the Thyroid Cancer Via The Laryngoscope Objective/Hypothesis To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Delphian lymph node (DLN) metastasis for the prediction of central lymph node (CLN) metastasis and lateral lymph node (LLN) metastasis. Methods Two authors independently reviewed the six databases (Cochrane database, Embase, Google Scholar, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science). Four parameters were extracted from each study: true positive, true negative, false positive, and false negative. The quality of the methodology was evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies ver. 2 tool. Results The diagnostic odds ratio of DLN in CLN metastasis was 8.859 (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.419; 16.578). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.748. The diagnostic odds ratio of DLN in LLN metastasis was 7.61 (95% CI, 4.48; 12.94). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.837. DLN metastasis was moderately predictive of CLN metastasis (sensitivity = 32%, specificity = 95%), LLN metastasis (sensitivity = 52%, specificity = 89%), and contralateral CLN metastasis (sensitivity = 46%, specificity = 85%). DLN metastasis had statistically significant correlation with specific clinicopathological characteristics, including younger age (< 45 years old), bilaterality, capsule invasion, extrathyroidal extension, lymphovascular invasion, male sex, multifocality, and tumor size (> 1 cm). Conclusions The higher specificities of DLN pathology may help predict central and lateral compartment involvement in patients with thyroid cancer. Level of Evidence N/A Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.