Role of Metformin in the Treatment of Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Insulin Resistance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Thyroid, Ahead of Print.


http://bit.ly/2TrJEAJ

Analyse und Management von postoperativen Schmerzen nach Sialendoskopie

Laryngo-Rhino-Otol
DOI: 10.1055/a-0834-6147

Hintergrund Die Sialendoskopie ist ein minimal-invasives Verfahren zur Diagnostik und Therapie von Erkrankungen des Speicheldrüsengangsystems. Sie kann in ITN und in LA durchgeführt werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist die postoperative Schmerzsituation interessant, über deren Ausmaß aktuell jedoch wenig bekannt ist. Daher wurden in dieser Studie die postoperativen Schmerzen nach Sialendoskopie in LA und ihr Schmerzmanagement in einer quantitativen Untersuchung erfasst und analysiert. Material und Methoden Es wurden 103 Patienten in die retrospektive Studie eingeschlossen, bei denen im Zeitraum von 2013 bis 2015 eine Sialendoskopie der Glandula parotis oder der Glandula submanibularis in Lokalanästhesie durchgeführt wurde. Analysiert wurden die postoperativen Schmerzen in Ruhe und bei Belastung am Operationstag, sowie am ersten und zweiten postoperativen Tag. Die Schmerzen wurden anhand einer numerischen Rating Skala (NRS 0–10) erfasst, welche im Rahmen des QUIPS-Projektes (Qualitätsverbesserung in der postoperativen Schmerztherapie) verwendet wird. Ergebnisse Am Operationstag betrug der Schmerz in Ruhe 0,9 ± 1,9 und bei Belastung 0,7 ± 1,4. Am ersten postoperativen Tag wurden Schmerzen von 1,2 ± 1,8 in Ruhe und 0,9 ± 1,9 bei Belastung festgestellt. Am zweiten postoperativen Tag zeigte sich eine Reduktion der Schmerzen auf 0,75 ± 1,6 in Ruhe und 0,73 ± 1,5 bei Belastung. Insgesamt wurden Metamizol (Novalgin®) und Ibuprofen als häufigste postoperative Analgetika eingesetzt. Am Operationstag erhielten 37,9 % der Patienten Schmerzmittel, am ersten postoperativen Tag 26,2 % der Patienten und am zweiten postoperativen Tag 12,6 % der Patienten. Schlussfolgerung Sialendoskopien der Glandula submandibularis und parotis sind mit moderaten postoperativen Schmerzen verbunden, welche sich gut mit Nicht-Opioiden behandeln lassen.
[...]

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

http://bit.ly/2TsWA9s

Inhibition of Histone Methyltransferase G9a Attenuates Noise-Induced Cochlear Synaptopathy and Hearing Loss

ABSTRACT

Posttranslational modification of histones alters their interaction with DNA and nuclear proteins, influencing gene expression and cell fate. In this study, we investigated the effect of G9a (KMT1C, EHMT2), a major histone lysine methyltransferase encoded by the human EHMT2 gene and responsible for histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) on noise-induced permanent hearing loss (NIHL) in adult CBA/J mice. The conditions of noise exposure used in this study led to losses of cochlear synapses and outer hair cells (OHCs) and permanent auditory threshold shifts. Inhibition of G9a with its specific inhibitor BIX 01294 or with siRNA significantly attenuated these pathological features. Treatment with BIX 01294 also prevented the noise-induced decrease of KCNQ4 immunolabeling in OHCs. Additionally, G9a was increased in cochlear cells, including both outer and inner sensory hair cells, some spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs), and marginal cells, 1 h after the completion of the noise exposure. Also subsequent to noise exposure, immunoreactivity for H3K9me2 appeared in some nuclei of OHCs following a high-to-low frequency gradient with more labeled OHCs in the 45-kHz than the 32-kHz region, as well as in the marginal cells and in some SGNs of the basal turn. These findings suggest that epigenetic modifications of H3K9me2 are involved in NIHL and that pharmacological targeting of G9a may offer a strategy for protection against cochlear synaptopathy and NIHL.

http://bit.ly/2WAxcRi

Inhibition of Histone Methyltransferase G9a Attenuates Noise-Induced Cochlear Synaptopathy and Hearing Loss

ABSTRACT

Posttranslational modification of histones alters their interaction with DNA and nuclear proteins, influencing gene expression and cell fate. In this study, we investigated the effect of G9a (KMT1C, EHMT2), a major histone lysine methyltransferase encoded by the human EHMT2 gene and responsible for histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) on noise-induced permanent hearing loss (NIHL) in adult CBA/J mice. The conditions of noise exposure used in this study led to losses of cochlear synapses and outer hair cells (OHCs) and permanent auditory threshold shifts. Inhibition of G9a with its specific inhibitor BIX 01294 or with siRNA significantly attenuated these pathological features. Treatment with BIX 01294 also prevented the noise-induced decrease of KCNQ4 immunolabeling in OHCs. Additionally, G9a was increased in cochlear cells, including both outer and inner sensory hair cells, some spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs), and marginal cells, 1 h after the completion of the noise exposure. Also subsequent to noise exposure, immunoreactivity for H3K9me2 appeared in some nuclei of OHCs following a high-to-low frequency gradient with more labeled OHCs in the 45-kHz than the 32-kHz region, as well as in the marginal cells and in some SGNs of the basal turn. These findings suggest that epigenetic modifications of H3K9me2 are involved in NIHL and that pharmacological targeting of G9a may offer a strategy for protection against cochlear synaptopathy and NIHL.

http://bit.ly/2WAxcRi

The endoscopic endonasal approach for pediatric craniopharyngiomas

Publication date: Available online 1 February 2019

Source: Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

Author(s): Ian J. Koszewski, Hermes G. Garcia, William Parkes, Chandala Chitguppi, Mindy R. Rabinowitz, Gurston G. Nyquist, James J. Evans, Marc R. Rosen

Craniopharyngiomas are rare but challenging tumors of the ventral skull base affecting primarily pediatric patients. In select cases, the endoscopic endonasal approach represents an appropriate surgical option when tumor resection is favored. However, nuances of the pediatric nasal corridor must be carefully considered to optimize both tumor resection and skull base reconstruction. Here we review pertinent developmental details, options for creation of an optimal endonasal corridor, principles of tumor resection, and techniques for reconstruction. Considerations for intraoperative and postoperative patient care are also reviewed.

http://bit.ly/2HXuq5t

Modified Cormack Lehane Scores Evaluated by Laryngoscopy During Awake Versus Under General Anesthesia

Conditions:   Thyroid Cancer;   Thyroid Nodule;   Thyroid Adenoma
Interventions:   Procedure: Flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy;   Procedure: Direct laryngoscopy
Sponsor:   Istanbul University
Not yet recruiting

http://bit.ly/2HJkhZV

A New Spinal Orthosis for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Condition:   Scoliosis; Adolescence
Interventions:   Device: Spinal Orthosis with an Integrated System of Electric Surface Stimulation and Heat Sensing;   Device: spinal orthosis
Sponsor:   Changhua Christian Hospital
Recruiting

http://bit.ly/2t1qndL

Ultrasound-Guided Aspiration of PTA vs Conventional Landmark Technique - a RCT

Condition:   Peritonsillar Abscess
Interventions:   Diagnostic Test: Intraoral ultrasound;   Procedure: The landmark technique
Sponsors:   Tobias Todsen;   Odense University Hospital
Recruiting

http://bit.ly/2HJkjkv

Study to Determine the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and RP2D of ABBV-151 as a Single Agent and in Combination With ABBV-181 in Subjects With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors

Condition:   Advanced Solid Tumors Cancer
Interventions:   Drug: ABBV-151;   Drug: ABBV-181
Sponsor:   AbbVie
Not yet recruiting

http://bit.ly/2t0RhCI

Tavokinogene Telseplasmid With Electroporation, Pembrolizumab, and Epacadostat in Treating Patients With Unresectable Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Conditions:   Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma;   Recurrent Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma;   Unresectable Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Interventions:   Device: Electroporation;   Drug: Epacadostat;   Drug: Pembrolizumab
Sponsors:   University of California, San Francisco;   National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Not yet recruiting

http://bit.ly/2HM4Y2q

Intra-parotid Facial Nerve Imaging in Parotidectomy

Conditions:   Parotid Tumors;   Facial Nerve Paresis
Intervention:   Diagnostic Test: 3D-DESS MRI (3 dimensional double echo steady state MRI)
Sponsor:   Samsung Medical Center
Recruiting

http://bit.ly/2t44Oct

De-Escalation Radiotherapy in Patients With Low-Risk HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Condition:   Oropharyngeal Cancer
Interventions:   Radiation: Radiation;   Drug: Cisplatin
Sponsor:   Canadian Cancer Trials Group
Not yet recruiting

http://bit.ly/2HHDjzP

A Phase I/II Clinical Trial of PepCan in Head and Neck Cancer Patients

Condition:   Head and Neck Cancer
Intervention:   Biological: PepCan
Sponsor:   University of Arkansas
Not yet recruiting

http://bit.ly/2t1D0pc

Does Vestibular Rehabilitation Significantly Improve the Level of Vestibular Function Following Vestibular Neuritis?

Condition:   Vestibular Neuritis
Interventions:   Other: Vestibular rehabilitation;   Drug: Corticosteroid
Sponsor:   Aalborg Universitetshospital
Recruiting

http://bit.ly/2HKNjby

Efficacy of Navigation for Disparities and Untimely Radiation ThErapy: The ENDURE Study

Condition:   Cancer of Head and Neck
Intervention:   Other: Patient Navigation
Sponsor:   Medical University of South Carolina
Not yet recruiting

http://bit.ly/2t8LFGJ

Combination of Targeted and Immunotherapy for Advanced Biliary Tract and Esophagogastric Gastric Cancer

Conditions:   Esophageal Cancer;   Biliary Tract Cancer;   GastroEsophageal Cancer;   Hepatobiliary Neoplasm
Interventions:   Drug: DKN-01;   Drug: Atezolizumab;   Drug: Paclitaxel
Sponsors:   European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer - EORTC;   Hoffmann-La Roche;   Leap Therapeutics, Inc.
Not yet recruiting

http://bit.ly/2HLy7uO

Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab in Patients With Recurrent or Metastatic Squamous-cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Condition:   Head and Neck Neoplasms
Interventions:   Drug: Atezolizumab;   Drug: Bevacizumab
Sponsor:   Centre Leon Berard
Not yet recruiting

http://bit.ly/2t0yxU0

A Study to Assess the Effects of Multiple Study Drug Regimens in Subjects With Newly Diagnosed Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Condition:   Head and Neck Cancer
Interventions:   Drug: ABBV-181;   Drug: ABBV-368;   Drug: ABBV-927
Sponsor:   AbbVie
Not yet recruiting

http://bit.ly/2HLQIGX

Effects on Quality of Life With Zinc Supplementation in Patients With Gastrointestinal Cancer

Conditions:   Gastric Carcinoma;   Liver and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma;   Unresectable Esophageal Carcinoma;   Unresectable Pancreatic Carcinoma
Intervention:   Dietary Supplement: Zinc
Sponsor:   Emory University
Not yet recruiting

http://bit.ly/2t8LFqd

Safety and Efficacy of SCT200 in Patients With Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Condition:   Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Intervention:   Drug: recombinant anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody
Sponsors:   Sinocelltech Ltd.;   Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital
Recruiting

http://bit.ly/2HJLHi5