The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The fourth author's name is Bianca Crewe, not Bianca Crew. The original article has been corrected.
Παρασκευή 10 Αυγούστου 2018
Mercury contamination in the sludge of drinking water treatment plants dumping into a reservoir in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Abstract
Although sludge piles from drinking water treatment plants can contain harmful substances, in many countries, their disposal methods are still unregulated. Besides aluminum, which is a major constituent in these residues, many other contaminants—like trace metals—can be present and may result from the quality of the raw materials used for water treatment. The application of these chemicals for the treatment of drinking water can generate toxic sludge and contaminate the produced water. In the present work, mercury contamination in the sludge piles of two drinking water treatment plants located along the margins of the Juturnaíba Reservoir, Southeast Brazil, was evaluated to verify whether contaminants are incorporated during water treatment. In the summer 2012, five cores were collected from the piles, and were analyzed for Eh, granulometry, total carbon, total nitrogen, and total mercury. The results indicated an anoxic environment, reflecting composition of the suspended matter. Carbon and nitrogen presented elevated concentrations, but also seemed to reproduce the characteristics of the suspended matter in the raw water. The concentrations of mercury were extremely variable but presented unexpectedly high values in some of the layers, reaching 18,484 ng g−1. On the other hand, concentrations ten times lower than those observed in the natural system (8 ng g−1) could be observed. It was concluded that the only possible source for the contamination of the sludge was the chemicals used for water treatment.
Incorporating diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MRI into a radiomics model improves diagnostic performance for pseudoprogression in glioblastoma patients
Abstract
Background
Pseudoprogression is a diagnostic challenge in early post-treatment glioblastoma. We therefore developed and validated a radiomics model using multiparametric MRI to differentiate pseudoprogression from early tumor progression in patients with glioblastoma. Methods
The model was developed from the enlarging contrast-enhancing portions of 61 glioblastomas within 3 months after standard treatment with 6472 radiomic features being obtained from contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and cerebral blood volume (CBV) maps. Imaging features were selected using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression model with 10-fold cross-validation. Diagnostic performance for pseudoprogression was compared with that for single parameters (mean and minimum ADC and mean and maximum CBV) and single imaging radiomics models using the area under the receiver-operating-characteristics curve (AUC). The model was validated with an external cohort (n = 34) imaged on a different scanner and an internal prospective registry data (n = 23). Results
Twelve significant radiomic features (3 from conventional, 2 from diffusion and 7 from perfusion MRI) were selected for model construction. The multiparametric radiomics model (AUC 0.90) showed significantly better performance than any single ADC or CBV parameter (AUC 0.57-0.79, P<.05), and better than single radiomics model using conventional MRI (AUC 0.76, P =.012), ADC (AUC 0.78, P =.014), or CBV (AUC 0.80, P=.43). The multiparametric radiomics showed higher performance in the external validation (AUC 0.85) and internal validation (AUC 0.96) than any single approach, thus demonstrating robustness. Conclusions
Incorporating diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MRI into a radiomics model improved diagnostic performance for identifying pseudoprogression and showed robustness in a multicenter setting.Trust in Police and Fear of Crime Among Young People from a Gender Perspective: The Case of Mexico
Violence and Gender, Ahead of Print.
Hypersensitivity Reactions to Antiepileptic Drugs in Children: Epidemiologic, Pathogenetic, Clinical, and Diagnostic Aspects
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
Author(s): Semanur Kuyucu, Jean-Christoph Caubet
Epilepsy affects approximately 10 million children globally. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are among the most frequent causes of drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs), especially severe ones. However, systematic studies about AED hypersensitivity among children are very rare. In this review, we aimed to gather all relevant and important data about different aspects of DHRs to AEDs in children by conducting a PubMed search including English-language studies published between January 1990 and June 2017. In these studies, aromatic AEDs were mostly incriminated in DHRs, but still being dominantly prescribed in both developed and developing countries. Although newer AEDs were increasingly prescribed owing to their presumed low toxicity profile, surveillance of DHRs is strongly recommended because case reports about severe reactions were recently reported. The pathogenesis seemed to be multifactorial including metabolic, genetic, and immunologic factors. Recent pharmacogenomic studies demonstrated strong genetic associations between some human leucocyte antigens and/or polymorphisms of AED metabolic enzymes and AED-induced DHRs among both adults and children. Young children, concurrent medications, a high starting dose and rapid dose escalation, and some genetic markers are important risk factors for AED-induced hypersensitivity. There were a very limited number of studies in the pediatric population evaluating the efficacy of different available diagnostic tools, such as intradermal, patch, and drug provocation tests. Data including mostly adult patients showed that patch tests had relatively high diagnostic value to identify the culprit with a positivity rate that ranged between 19.7% and 100% in delayed reactions to AEDs. Clinical cross-reactivity rates of 15% to 70% have been reported mainly between aromatic AEDs. In selected cases, where there is no other option, desensitization can be considered, although experience in children remained limited.
Combination therapy with montelukast and loratadine alleviates pharyngo-laryngeal symptoms related to seasonal allergic rhinitis
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2018
Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
Author(s): Yoshimasa Imoto, Tetsuji Takabayashi, Masafumi Sakashita, Takahiro Tokunaga, Taiyo Morikawa, Takahiro Ninomiya, Masayuki Okamoto, Norihiko Narita, Shigeharu Fujieda
One-Piece Nasal Osteotomy for the Correction of a Centrally Deviated Nose
Abstract
Background
A severely crooked nose due to trauma or other causes is difficult to correct. Although various nasal osteotomy techniques have been suggested, satisfactory outcomes have not always been achieved especially in centrally deviated noses. Definite correction of the midline and shape of the bony framework is necessary. We aimed to investigate a novel one-piece nasal bone osteotomy approach consisting of transverse osteotomy continued with bilateral lateral osteotomies for the correction of a centrally deviated nose.
Methods
This retrospective chart review included 66 consecutive patients who underwent corrective rhinoplasty with nasal bone osteotomy for a deviated nose. Group 1 was treated with one-piece osteotomy, and group 2 was treated with conventional lateral and/or medial osteotomy. Available preoperative and postoperative three-dimensional facial bone computed tomography images were used to quantify nasal landmarks through three-dimensional reconstruction. Patient satisfaction was evaluated using a rhinoplasty outcome evaluation questionnaire.
Results
Measurements of nasal landmark angles toward the longitudinal facial midline plane showed a statistically narrowed postoperative angle in group 1 (subnasale landmark: preoperative angle 1.66 ± 0.29° [group 1] vs. 0.76 ± 1.09° [group 2]; postoperative angle 0.96 ± 0.77° [group 1] vs. 0.31 ± 0.29° [group 2]). The questionnaire scores revealed higher satisfaction (3.11 ± 2.38 vs. 1.157 ± 1.147) and a higher proportion of 4-point scores in group 1.
Conclusions
This is the first study to introduce the one-piece nasal osteotomy technique for centrally deviated noses. The technique consists of transverse osteotomy with bilateral osteotomies in one stage, thus the name "one-piece." Considering anatomic variances in Asian rhinoplasty, a deviated nose should be effectively corrected to obtain satisfactory outcomes. We demonstrated the efficacy and satisfactory outcomes of this new technique.
Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
The Application of the Acellular Dermal Matrix in the Correction of the Tear Trough Deformity
Abstract
Objective
The acellular dermal matrix (ADM) used in correcting the tear trough deformity has been reported, but there were only a few cases. The long-term effectiveness of ADM was not clear. We aim to discuss the technique and the effect of using ADM to correct the tear trough deformity through more cases.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted from January 2012 to January 2017. Twenty-six patients who showed obvious tear trough deformity with moderate or severe orbital fat bulging and excess of lower eyelid skin were treated with ADM to improve the appearance of the midface. Follow-up was performed for 2–12 months in 26 cases. The level of postoperative satisfaction was assessed by interview during the follow-up and rated as very satisfied, satisfied, acceptable, or unacceptable.
Result
Twenty patients were very satisfied for having achieved complete correction. Three patients were satisfied for having achieved obvious improvement. Three patients felt the results were just acceptable and were refilled because of the insufficiency of the filler. No one was unacceptable. There were no complications such as rapid resorption, rejection, or inflammation.
Conclusion
The method of using ADM for the correction of tear trough deformity has the advantages of low absorption rate, good appearance, and high security. It provides a new choice for the treatment of tear trough deformity.
Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Mycosis fungoides presenting with pigmented purpuric rash
A 55-year-old woman presented with a pruritic rash existing for three months which was unresponsive to topical steroids. Dermatologic examination revealed generalized purpuric patches with unclear borders primarily localized on buttocks, abdomen, wrists and upper legs. Biopsy taken with diagnoses of pigmented purpuric dermatosis, pityriasis Rosea and mycosis fungoides, showed superficial and middermal lymphoid infiltrate with epidermotrophism and atypical large cerebriform cells as well as basaloid vacuolization, spongiosis and extravasated erythrocytes in the superficial dermis.
Prospective pilot evaluation of the efficacy and safety of adjuvant topical ingenol mebutate gel for localized patch/plaque-stage mycosis fungoides
Introduction: Whether ingenol mebutate (IM) is effective as adjuvant topical treatment for mycosis fungoides (MF) remains undetermined.
Paraneoplastic angiomatosis: A new entity
Paraneoplastic syndromes result from tumor secretion of hormones, peptides, or cytokines or from immunologic cross reactions between malignant and normal cells. Numerous organ systems may be affected by paraneoplastic conditions, including the skin. We report 2 cases of benign cutaneous vascular proliferations occurring in the setting of malignancy and propose the term paraneoplastic angiomatosis. Case 1: A 62-year-old man with multiple comorbidities presented with a large, irregular, blanching erythematous abdominal plaque.
Pilot evaluation of safety, efficacy, and tolerability of a new topical formulation for facial hyperpigmentation, combining ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate and crosslinked resilient hyaluronic acid
This study evaluated therapy of facial hyperpigmentation with a novel topical formulation combining two synergistic melanogenesis inhibitors: ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate (ATIP), the esterified form of vitamin C (concentration equivalent to 8% L-ascorbic acid), and crosslinked resilient hyaluronic acid (RHA). Vitamin C inhibits multiple oxidative steps during melanogenesis, diminishing tyrosinase activity. Clinical challenges with L-ascorbic acid include low skin penetrance, instability due to oxidation, and potential irritation.
No disclosure of support by ISDIN SA on poster
"Antiaging facial serum containing melatonin, bakuchiol, and ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate up-regulates antioxidant gene expression in medaka embryos"
Predictors of response to tildrakizumab for moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis
Introduction: Efficacy of tildrakizumab (TIL), a high-affinity, humanized, IgG1/κ monoclonal antibody against IL-23p19, has been evaluated for chronic plaque psoriasis (Pso) in 2 phase 3 randomized controlled trials. The objective of this analysis was to determine predictors of response to TIL treatment in the 2 trials.
Pembrolizumab-induced bullous pemphigoid
Background: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disorder characterized by autoantibody deposition at the epithelial basement membrane zone. It classically presents in elderly adults and can be idiopathic or drug-induced. The 2 major bullous pemphigoid antigens do not differ between the drug-induced and idiopathic variants of the disease, nor do the direct and indirect immunofluorescence (DIF and IIF) findings. Pembrolizumab is an anti–programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibody which inhibits the negative immune regulation caused by PD-1 receptor signaling resulting in reversal of T-cell suppression and induction of antitumor responses.
Omalizumab for chronic spontaneous urticaria in real-life practice
Background: Omalizumab has been shown to be highly effective in phase III clinical trials in treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU).
National trends in staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Background: Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a potentially fatal superficial blistering disorder caused by infection with exfoliative toxin producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
Comparison of Er:YAG laser, short pulse-duration pulsed dye laser, and long pulse-duration pulsed dye laser in treating sebaceous hyperplasia
Background: Patients of sebaceous hyperplasia (SH) usually seek treatment due to cosmetic concern. A few nonsurgical ablative devices are effective in treating SH, including carbon dioxide laser and erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnetlaser (Er:YAG) laser. But these options bear the considerable risk of postoperative discoloration and scar formation. Pulsed dye laser (PDL) has been reported effective in treating SH. However, only short pulse-duration PDL (SPDL) has been used in previous studies.
Εγγραφή σε:
Αναρτήσεις (Atom)
-
A Case of Diprosopus Tetraophthalmos: Ocular Findings and Surgical Treatment of Exposure KeratopathyDiprosopus is a rare variation of conjoined twinning. In this report, ophthalmic findings in an infant with diprosopus tetraophthalmos are p...
