Animal models of Psoriasis (PsO) are important for our understanding of the pathophysiology of human disease but rarely manifest all features of the disease. In order to facilitate greater understanding of the underlying biology of PsO it is key that we understand the strengths and limitations of models used.
Τρίτη 7 Αυγούστου 2018
Mechanistic and pharmacological assessment of murine IL-23 mediated psoriasiform dermatitis; implications for drug discovery
Potential adverse effects of antimicrobial chemotherapy based on ultraviolet-A irradiation of polyphenols against the oral mucosa in hamsters and wounded skin in rats
Publication date: Available online 7 August 2018
Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology
Author(s): Keisuke Nakamura, Taichi Tenkumo, Takayuki Mokudai, Midori Shirato, Kirika Ishiyama, Taro Kanno, Keiichi Sasaki, Yoshimi Niwano
Abstract
Antimicrobial chemotherapy based on ultraviolet-A (UVA) irradiation of polyphenol solution has been proposed as an adjunctive treatment for dental caries. However, the safety of this treatment has not been thoroughly evaluated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the influence of this treatment on the oral mucosa in hamsters and wounded skin in rats. An oral mucosal irritation test was performed in hamsters. The cheek pouch was everted and treated with UVA irradiation (wavelength: 365 nm) of pure water, 1 mg/mL of caffeic acid, or 1 mg/mL of grape seed extract using a light-emitting diode at an irradiance of 275 mW/cm2. Each treatment was performed for 2 or 5 min and repeated three times. Macroscopic and histological evaluations were performed 24 h after the last treatment. We also examined the effects of the treatment on the healing process of skin wounds in rats. Full-thickness skin wounds created on the back of the rats were treated for 2 min as described above, but only once. The wound area was then assessed daily for 9 days. The results demonstrated that the treatment induced oral mucosal irritation depending on the irradiation time; however, it did not influence the wound healing process. The oral mucosal irritation potential of three treatment sessions performed for 2 and 5 min was minimal and mild to moderate, respectively, according to histological analysis. These findings suggest that the duration of treatment based on UVA irradiation of polyphenols in the oral cavity should be as short as possible, considering the clinical efficacy of the antimicrobial effects and the irritation potential.
Graphical Abstract
The association between ambient air pollution exposure and mental health status in Chinese female college students: a cross-sectional study
Abstract
The association between exposure to air pollution and mental health has not been adequately studied. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore the association between exposure to ambient air pollution and mental health status among female college students. We performed a cross-sectional study involving female students attending college located in Anshan, a heavy industry city in Northeast China. The investigation was performed using electronic questionnaires including the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Cornell Medical Index (CMI), and general well-being (GWB) scale between March and April 2017. The individual daily average of time spent outdoors in each season was used as an indicator of exposure to ambient air pollution. The association between mental health status and exposure to ambient air pollution was analyzed using general linear regression. Of the 412 female participants, 346 (83.98%) submitted valid questionnaires. Multivariate linear regression indicated that GWB was negatively associated with the SCL-90 score, and annual average daily outdoor time and sleep quality were positively associated with the SCL-90 score. This study demonstrated that exposure to ambient air pollution may be a risk factor for mental health problems among female college students.
The importance of early implementation of laser treatment in facial scars: A single-institution retrospective study
Background: Interest in minimizing scars especially on face has been rising recently.
Mycosis fungoides in Puerto Rico
Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sezary syndrome compromise about 53% of cutaneous lymphomas. Disease stage depends on involved body surface area, clinical presentation and the presence or absence systemic involvement, which will determine treatment. MF is generally diagnosed at early stages and carries a chronic and indolent disease course. In 2007, 30 MF cases in Puerto Rico were described from 1983 to 2002. We performed a retrospective chart review of MF cases (1999-2016) to compare these populations and identify any changes in disease prognosis and treatment response given different and new treatment modalities are now available.
Real-world use of secukinumab for the treatment of plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: Experience of four dermatology units in Spain
Introduction: Worldwide, there is an increasing trend to use real-world data to inform decision making in health care. The data regarding appropriate drug use, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness in real-world clinical practice is intended to complement the findings from clinical trials, and to evaluate a drug's real-world value. Secukinumab is a fully humanized anti–interleukin (IL) 17A antibody that specifically binds to IL-17A receptors. In recent years, IL-17A has been recognized to play an important role in the disease pathology.
Comorbid conditions in lichen planopilaris: A retrospective data analysis of 334 patients
Background: Lichen planopilaris (LPP) is a rare cicatricial, lymphocyte mediated alopecia. It is thought to have an autoimmune pathogenesis, and possibly related to other autoimmune diseases; however, data are limited. In addition, studies examining comorbid conditions are lacking.
Small molecule inhibitor of the Wnt pathway (SM04755) as a potential topical treatment for psoriasis
Background: Psoriasis (PSO) is an autoimmune disease causing patches of thick, inflamed, scaly skin due to excessive proliferation of skin cells. Wnt signaling plays an important role in PSO, regulating inflammation and keratinocyte proliferation. SM04755, a novel, topical small-molecule Wnt pathway inhibitor was previously shown to inhibit inflammation and keratinocyte proliferation in vitro and in an IMQ-induced mouse PSO model. In this study, the effects of SM04755 on inflammation and skin health were evaluated in a model using reconstitution of ICR scid mice with minor histocompatibility mismatched naive CD4+ T lymphocytes, which more closely resembles human PSO pathophysiology.
Time to tumor response and planned subgroup analyses from the BOLT trial for sonidegib in advanced basal cell carcinoma
Background: Sonidegib 200 mg once daily (qd) was approved in the United States for patients with locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (laBCC) not amenable to curative surgery or radiotherapy based on results of the phase 2 BOLT study (NCT01327053). Here we report time to tumor response and planned subgroup analyses from the 30-month efficacy data from BOLT.
Teledermatology in rural and remote British Columbia: A survey of primary care providers
Teledermatology, defined as the delivery of dermatology care at a distance through telecommunication technologies, has been proposed as a strategy to improve dermatology access to underserved populations. One such population is in rural and remote British Columbia, an area where there are currently no regularly practicing dermatologists. To gain an understanding of teledermatology utilization, attitudes and experiences in this area, we distributed a 14-question survey containing 10 questions related to the study objective.
Retrospective comparison of the clinical effects of programmed death protein 1 inhibitors to treat melanoma versus nonmelanoma skin cancer
Background: Programmed death protein (PD) 1 inhibitors have revolutionized treatment for cancers such as melanoma. However, clinical benefits and risks of PD-1 inhibitors among nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are less well known, although off-label usage has been reported in the medical literature.
Two cases of cutaneous endometriosis
Cutaneous endometriosis (CEM) is a rare cutaneous manifestation of a common gynecological disease. More than 70% of CEM lesions are seen at sites of previous surgical scars, however primary lesions can arise de-novo in previously normal epithelium. The clinical presentation can vary and mimic other common dermatologic conditions. We present 1 primary and 1 secondary case of young healthy African American women with umbilical CEM. A 30-year-old woman presented with 2 umbilical lesions present for 1 year, associated with intermittent pain, swelling, and bleeding with menstrual cycles.
Subject satisfaction demonstrated for two on-label injection volumes of abobotulinumtoxinA when used to treat moderate to severe glabellar lines
Introduction: In the U.S., glabellar lines (GLs) are most often treated with botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) and satisfaction with treatment is typically measured using patient-reported outcomes. Dysport (abobotulinumtoxinA [ABO]) is approved in the U.S. for the treatment of GLs and can be injected at 2 different injection volumes, 0.05 mL and 0.08 mL. In this study, we evaluated both on-label injection volumes in subjects with moderate to severe GLs at maximum frown and asked them to complete questionnaires before and after treatment to assess treatment satisfaction and health-related quality of life subject-reported outcomes, which is the focus of this report.
Secondary localized cutaneous amyloidosis in mycosis fungoides
Secondary localized cutaneous amyloidosis is often not clinically apparent, but may be seen histologically. It is associated with several skin tumors, and has been reported with PUVA use. To date, there are three reported cases of secondary localized cutaneous amyloidosis associated with mycosis fungoides before any treatment. We present a case of a 39-year-old woman who presented to the dermatology clinic for evaluation of facial acne. During the exam, several 5-10 mm hypopigmented patches were noted on the bilateral ventral forearms.
Ustekinumab an alternative therapeutic option for refractory erytroderma pytiriasis rubra pilaris disease
Introduction: Pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) is a rare, chronic erythematous squamous disorder. PRP is divided into six subtypes, type 1 being the most common and classic form in adults. PRP erytroderma may be a therapeutic challenge because standard therapies are lacking due to its unclear pathogenesis. Ustekinumab is a monoclonal antibody that is approved for the treatment of psoriasis, but has been shown to be effective as an off-label use treatment for PRP. We report a case of refractory erythroderma type 1 PRP with complete resolution with ustekinumab therapy.
Treating to target: Exploration of Investigator Global Assessment and body surface area (IGA×BSA) as a practical minimal disease activity goal
Objective: Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) is typically used in clinical trials, but may not be pragmatic for use in clinical practice. The Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) and percentage of affected body surface area (BSA) are measures of psoriasis disease activity that are easily performed in routine clinical practice. This retrospective pooled analysis explored cutoff values of the product of IGA and BSA (IGA×BSA) that correlate with minimal disease activity (MDA) and would allow for a treat-to-target approach that may be feasible in clinical practice.
The sun and your health: Targeting teenagers and adolescents in British Columbia
Introduction: Skin cancer is one of the most preventable forms of cancer. Approximately 85% of skin cancer cases could be avoided by reducing ultraviolet (UV) exposure, especially during childhood and adolescence. We conducted a pilot study to evaluate UV exposure and sun safety behaviors in this age group. In addition, the effectiveness in changing sun protection knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors using an innovative intervention was compared with the strategy of using education alone.
The effect of topical sunscreen plus antioxidant against the visible light biologic effects
Background: Visible light (VL) has been shown to induce erythema, pigmentation, and photodamage. Sunscreens effective against VL contain inorganic filters, but are often cosmetically unacceptable in darker skin tones. Antioxidants possess photoprotective properties and may serve as an alternative.
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