Inhibition of kidney potassium channels by fluoxetine: in vivo and in vitro studies

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Inhibition of kidney potassium channels by fluoxetine: in vivo and in vitro studies via Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology Abstract In vitro studies have demonstrated that fluoxetine, a commonly used antidepressant drug, can modulate the activity of K+ channels. In the present study, we investigated the in vivo effect of acute and sub-chronic treatment of rats with fluoxetine on K+ renal transport. Furthermore, OK cells, a kidney epithelial cell line, was used in order to evaluate the in vitro effect of fluoxetine on K+ currents. In the sub-chronic study, fluoxetine was administrated daily (10 mg/kg, p.o.) for 15 days to male adult Wistar rats. In the acute study, rats were given increasing doses of fluoxetine (1, 3, 10, 30 and 50 mg/kg, p.o.) for 24 hours. Results from the sub-chronic study show that urinary K+ content (in mmol/L) was markedly reduced in the fluoxetine-treated animals (fluoxetine: 83±9; control: 131±10; P<0.001). K+ fractional renal excretion (in %) was also significantly lower in the fluoxetine group (fluoxetine : 6±1; control: 13±2; P<0.001). No significant changes was observed in creatinine clearance and on renal tubular Na+,K+-ATPase activity. Results obtained from the acute study demonstrate that, after a 24-hour administration, fluoxetine produced a dose-dependent decrease in urinary K+, with an ED50 (in mg/kg) of 4.2 (2.8; 5.5) and a maximal effect of 62% reduction. In vitro, fluoxetine produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of K+ currents in OK cells, with an EC50 of 107 (84.8; 129.5) μM. In conclusion, fluoxetine produces a marked reduction on urinary K+ excretion; this effect constitutes an in vivo evidence for the inhibitory action of fluoxetine on kidney epithelial K+ channels. View on Web

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Innate Immune Sensing of Nucleic Acid in Endodontic Infection

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Innate Immune Sensing of Nucleic Acid in Endodontic Infection via International Endodontic Journal Abstract Innate immunity is the first line of defence and fight against microorganisms. Nucleic acids are important pathogen-associated molecular patterns to be recognized in innate immunity. There are three types of nucleic acid sensors, including endosomal sensors (NA-sensing TLRs), cytosolic DNA sensors (cGAS and AIM2), and cytosolic RNA sensors (RLG-I, MDA5 and LGP2). Recent studies have shown that nucleic acid sensors are expressed differently in a variety of dental pulp cells and mediate inflammation through complex pathways. Nucleic acid sensing may play a vital role in the development of endodontic infection. This review aims to summarise and analyze the possible roles of various nucleic acid sensors in endodontic infection. It may help better understand the pathogenesis of these diseases and find new strategies for prevention and treatment. View on Web

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Effect of TIVA on Pulmonary Complications in Microvascular Reconstruction for Head and Neck Cancer

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Effect of TIVA on Pulmonary Complications in Microvascular Reconstruction for Head and Neck Cancer via JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Online First This randomized clinical trial assesses the effect of total intravenous anesthesia vs inhalational anesthesia on postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing microvascular reconstruction for head and neck cancer. View on Web

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A 3‐year prospective cohort on the incidence of prosthodontic complications associated with three implant treatment options for the edentulous mandible

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader A 3‐year prospective cohort on the incidence of prosthodontic complications associated with three implant treatment options for the edentulous mandible via Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Abstract Objective this prospective study assessed the number and reasons for post-treatment visits due to prosthodontic complications in patients treated with three types of implant treatment for the edentulous mandible. Methods study groups comprised patients treated with single-implant overdenture (G-I; n=11), 2-implant overdenture (G-II; n=13), and 4-implant fixed prosthesis (G-III; n=13). Programmed recall visits occurred at the 6-, 12- and 36-month follow-ups. The management of prosthodontic complications occurred continuously in unscheduled appointments. Data analysis included calculation of incidence rates, chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Poisson regression with robust error variance to model the occurrence of visits due to prosthodontic complications. Results there were 89 unscheduled appointments during the entire follow-up period, ranging from 0 to 7 (mean=2.41; SD=2.2) per patient. No between-group differences were found regarding the frequency of unscheduled visits. However, the duration of the appointments (scheduled and unscheduled) was significantly higher for G-III (p<0.001). The length of follow-up was the only predictor of the number of post-insertion visits (p=0.004). The frequency of prosthodontic events was higher for G-I and G-II compared to G-III (p<0.001). Nearly half of the events in G-I and G-II were matrix replacements, and artificial teeth fracture was more frequent in G-III. Conclusions all patients were at risk of post-delivery prosthodontic complications and required regular recall visits to achieve satisfactory function and to prevent further problems. Overdentures required higher rates of maintenance visits, particularly for replacement of the retentive inserts, while fixed implant prostheses required longer clinical times for management of complications when compared to overdentures. View on Web

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Risk factors for lower border notching after bilateral mandibular sagittal ramus advancement: three-dimensional evaluation

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Risk factors for lower border notching after bilateral mandibular sagittal ramus advancement: three-dimensional evaluation via International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery via MedWorm.com The objective of this study was to calculate the incidence of MLBN and identify risk factors. This single-centre, retrospective study was performed between January 2018 and November 2020, in the Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Caen. Patients who underwent BSSO advancement and had cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans obtained preoperatively, immediately postoperative (within 1 week), and late postoperative ( ≥1 year) were included. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery) View on Web

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Clinical performance of implant supported mandibular overdentures with cantilever bar and stud attachments: A retrospective study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Clinical performance of implant supported mandibular overdentures with cantilever bar and stud attachments: A retrospective study via Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research Abstract Background Treatment of edentulous patients with implant-supported over-dentures improves denture's retention and stability. Published data concerning implant-supported overdenture with cantilever bars that claimed that can affect the survival and bone loss of implants are scarce. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate 5-year clinical performance of mandibular implant-supported over-dentures with different attachment systems. Materials and methods In this retrospective study, 103 patients who had received mandibular over-dentures supported by two implants were evaluated in a 5-year follow up. Studied groups were patients with Spherblock ball attachment (58 patients), Dolder bar with cantilever (36 patients), and Locator attachment (9 patients). Marginal bone-loss around implants, prosthetic complications, soft tissue status of the implants (gingival index, plaque index, pocket depth, and bleeding on probing) were used to compare studied groups. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) criteria was used to assay patient's satisfaction. One-way ANOVA, Scheffe, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney, and Fisher's exact tests, were used for the data analysis (α = 0.05). Results One hundred and three patients (46 male, 57 female, mean age 64.7 ± 8.6) with 206 implants (Strauman) were studied. The implant survival rate was 100% with mean bone loss of 0.22 mm around implants in 5 years. Prosthetic complications including attachment wear and denture fracture occurred more often with ball attachments. The number of attachment replacement, and post insertion appointments were significantly less in patients with bar attachments (p < 0.05). Pocket depth and gingival index were less in the ball attachment (p < 0.05). Conclusion Mandibular overdenture supported by two implants can be considered a successful treatment in edentulous patients. The frequency of prosthetic complication is higher in unsplinted than splinted superstructures. View on Web

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Scarless Neck Feminization: Chondrolaryngoplasty Through Endoscopic Transoral Vestibular Approach

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Scarless Neck Feminization: Chondrolaryngoplasty Through Endoscopic Transoral Vestibular Approach via The Laryngoscope We present in this paper a novel approach to perform endoscopic chondrolaryngoplasty without any external visible scars. The technique involves utilizing the endoscopic transoral vestibular approach. We have modified the technique by using the placement of a suture immediately above the anterior commissure, which provides a marker for the inferior extent of cartilage resection. Laryngoscope, 2022 View on Web

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Virologic failure following low-level viremia and viral blips during antiretroviral therapy: results from a European multicenter cohort

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Virologic failure following low-level viremia and viral blips during antiretroviral therapy: results from a European multicenter cohort via Clinical Infectious Diseases Advance Access Abstract Background It is unclear whether low-level viremia (LLV), defined as repeatedly detectable viral load (VL) of <200 copies/mL, and/or transient viremic episodes (blips) during antiretroviral therapy (ART), predict future virologic failure. We investigated the association between LLV, blips, and virologic failure (VF) in a multi-center European cohort. Methods People with HIV-1 who started ART 2005 or later were identified from the EuResist Integrate d Database. We analyzed the incidence of VF (≥200 copies/mL) depending on viremia exposure, starting 12 months after ART initiation (grouped as suppression [≤50 copies/mL], blips [isolated VL of 51–999 copies/mL], and LLV [repeated VLs of 51–199 copies/mL]) using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, injecting drug use, pre-ART VL, CD4 count, HIV-1 subtype, type of ART, and treatment experience. We queried the database for drug resistance mutations (DRM) related to episodes of LLV and VF and compared those with baseline resistance data. Results During 81,837 person-years of follow-up, we observed 1,424 events of VF in 22,523 participants. Both blips (adjusted subhazard ratio [aHR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3−2.2) and LLV (aHR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.6−3.0) were associated with VF, compared with virologic suppression. These associations remained statistically significant in sub-analyses restricted to people with VL <200 copies/mL and those starting ART 2014 or later. Among people with LLV and genotype data available within 90 days following LLV, 49/140 (35%) had at least one DRM. Conclusions Both blips and LLV during ART are associated with increased risk of subsequent VF. View on Web

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Comparison of the accuracy between conventional and various digital implant impressions for an implant‐supported mandibular complete arch fixed prosthesis: an in vitro study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparison of the accuracy between conventional and various digital implant impressions for an implant‐supported mandibular complete arch fixed prosthesis: an in vitro study via Journal of Prosthodontics Abstract Purpose This in vitro study compared the accuracy between conventional and different intraoral scanner impression methods and stereophotogrammetry term of 3D deviation for a complete mandibular edentulous arch with 5 placed implants. Materials and methods An edentulous mandibular model was prepared with three straight and two 17° angled screw-retained abutments screwed on implants. Different impression techniques were compared: 1 conventional impression, CO (Open-tray splint impression coping, Polyether), 3 groups of intraoral scanners, TS (Trios 4), IT (iTero Element 2), and PS (Primescan), and 1 Stereophotogrammetry, PIC (Precise Implants Capture). An extraoral scanner (E4 scanner) was used to digitize the reference model as a control group. Scan body positions were compared with 3D deviation by using a 3D analysis software program (Geomagic ControlX 2020.1.1) with the best fit alignment technique. The accuracy of the scan bodies' position of each impression technique between each group area was analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffé's comparison test for trueness and precision. (α = 0.05) Results Statistical 3D deviations of the whole scan body were found among the CO, TS, PS, IT, and PIC groups for both trueness (p < 0.05) and precision (p < 0.05). PIC showed the least 3D deviation of trueness (48.74 ± 1.80 μm) and precision (5.46 ± 1.10 μm), followed by TS, PS, IT, and CO. CO had the highest 3D deviation of trueness (141 ± 5.58 μm) and precision (40.4 ± 1.3.39 μm), which was significantly different from PIC, TS, and PS. Conclusion For completed-arch digital implant impressions, a stereophotogrammetry has shown better accuracy than other digital and conventional impression techniques, especially in terms of precision. The highest 3D deviation was found in the conventional splint open tray impression technique. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved View on Web

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Antagonistic, synergistic, and additive antibacterial interaction between ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin against Staphylococcus aureus

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Antagonistic, synergistic, and additive antibacterial interaction between ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin against Staphylococcus aureus via Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology Abstract The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the interaction between ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin against beta-lactamase-producing Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Concentration-dependent curves for each individual drug were carried out to obtain the mean inhibitory concentration in the agar well diffusion assay. Then, different ratios of the ciprofloxacin-amoxicillin combination (0.5:0.5, 0.8:0.2, 0.2:0.8, 0.9:0.1, 0.1:0.9, 0.95:0.05 and 0.05:0.95) were assessed. Data were analyzed using the isobolographic analysis and interaction index. The isobolographic evaluation show that the 0.9:0.1 and 0.95:0.05 ratios of the ciprofloxacin-amoxicillin combination produced a synergistic antimicrobial interaction, the 0.8:0.2, 0.2:0.8, 0.1:0.9, and 0.05:0.95 proportions showed an additive antibacterial effect, and the 0.5:0.5 proportion induced antagonistic antimicrobial effects. The interaction index showed similar outcomes to the isobolographic analysis. In conclu sion, the data of this study mainly show antimicrobial additive results of the ciprofloxacin-amoxicillin combination against beta-lactamase-producing S. aureus. View on Web

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