Real-world frequency of BRAF testing and utilization of therapies in patients with advanced melanoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Real-world frequency of BRAF testing and utilization of therapies in patients with advanced melanoma Via Melanoma Research - Current Issue Both BRAF/MEK targeted agents and immunotherapy are approved for the treatment of advanced melanoma. BRAF testing is recommended at the time of advanced melanoma diagnosis. In addition, little is known regarding the treatment trends for patients with BRAF mutated tumors. This investigation aims to assess the real-world prevalence of molecular testing and treatment trends for patients with BRAF mutated tumors. Using a de-identified database, patients of age ≥18 years with advanced melanoma from 2013 to 2018 were examined. Molecular testing performed within 3 months of advanced diagnosis was considered to have the test pe rformed at the time of diagnosis. Test prevalence was calculated and compared in groups stratified by the patient, tumor and treatment factors. In total 4459 patients were included; 1936 (43.4%) stage III, 1191 (26.7%) stage IV and 1332 (29.9%) recurrent. Totally 50.4% of patients received systemic treatment; 76.4% stage IV, 71% recurrent patients and 26.7% stage III patients. However, 73.5% received first-line immunotherapy. In total 73.8% of patients had molecular testing, and 50.5% had tested at the time of advanced diagnosis. Of those tested 42% had a BRAF mutated tumor. In total 48% of these patients received first-line immunotherapy whereas 43% received a BRAF inhibitor, with increasing immunotherapy use seen over time. The majority of patients with advanced melanoma undergo molecular testing at the time of advanced diagnosis. Immunotherapy is the most commonly prescribed treatment regardless of BRAF mutational status. These results provide real-world data on the frequency of molecular testing and treatment trends for patients with advanced melanoma. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Risk factors for second primary malignancies following thyroid cancer: a nationwide cohort study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Risk factors for second primary malignancies following thyroid cancer: a nationwide cohort study Via radioactive iodine Eur J Endocrinol. 2022 Mar 1:EJE-21-1208. doi: 10.1530/EJE-21-1208. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Thyroid cancer survivors have a high risk of second primary malignancies (SPMs). We aimed to evaluate the site-specific incidence, prognosis, and risk factors for metachronous SPMs following thyroid cancer. DESIGN: A nationwide cohort study Methods: This study included data from the Korea National Health Insurance Service (between 2002 and 2018). Exposure to diagnost ic radiation was defined by the number of computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography-CT scans after the index date. A cumulative radioactive iodine (RAI) dose >100 mCi was considered high-dose RAI. RESULTS: During the median six years of follow-up, among 291,640 patients, 13,083 (4·5%) developed SPMs. Thyroid cancer survivors had a 26% increased risk of SPMs compared with the general population (SIR, 1·26; 95% CI, 1·22-1·29). Furthermore, those with SPMs had a significantly poorer survival rate than those without SPMs (HR, 11·85; 95% CI, 11·21-12·54; p<0·001). Significantly elevated risks were observed in myeloid leukemia and 13 solid cancer sites: lip, salivary gland, small intestine, larynx, lung, mediastinum and pleura, mesothelium, breast, corpus uteri, ovary, prostate, kidney, and bladder. Frequent diagnostic medical radiation exposure and high-dose RAI therapy were independent risk factors for several SPMs, including the cancer of salivary gl and, lung, mediastinum and pleura, breast, kidney, and bladder, as well as myeloid leukemia. CONCLUSIONS: Frequent diagnostic radiation exposure and high-dose RAI therapy are independent risk factors for SPM following thyroid cancer. Clinicians need to consider for minimizing unnecessary diagnostic radiation exposure and administering a high dose RAI only when justified in patients with thyroid cancer. PMID:35286279 | DOI:10.1530/EJE-21-1208 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Injected 3T-3D-FLAIR-MRI labyrinthine patterns match with the severity and tonotopic alteration in sudden sensorineural hearing loss

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Injected 3T-3D-FLAIR-MRI labyrinthine patterns match with the severity and tonotopic alteration in sudden sensorineural hearing loss Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Mar 14. doi: 10.1007/s00405-022-07328-4. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to assess a correlation between MRI labyrinthine changes detected with IV-gadolinium optimized high-resolution 3D-FLAIR sequences 4 h after injection (OPT4-3DFLAIR) and the type of SSNHL, in terms of frequency alteration and severity. METHODS: This was a prospective monocentric study achieved from July 2019 to December 2020. The inclusion criterion was acute hearing loss of at least 30 dB over three contiguous frequencies occurring within a 72-h period, documented by a pure-tone audiometry (PTA). The primary endpoint was the visual assessment of hyperintensity in labyrinthine structures on OPT4-3DFLAIR performed on 3T MRI. RESULTS: Thirty-six affected ears were included (20 men, 15 women; mean age: 54.5 ± 16.3 years) with 69.4% full-spectrum hearing loss. The median hearing loss, expres sed as median and interquartile range [IQR] was 91 dB [74-120], with 47.2% of concomitant acute vestibular syndrome. Pathological signal was found in 26 out of 36 ears (72.2%). Basal turn enhancement was found in all abnormal MRIs, with 73.1% of apical turn enhancement and 50% of vestibular enhancement. Seventeen on 19 cases (89.5%) with apical involvement on MRI had low-frequency hearing loss. Vestibular involvement on MRI was significantly associated with a wider frequency range of hearing loss (p = 0.0002) and the severity of SSNHL (84.5 [71.7-92.5] dB versus 120 [85.8-120] dB, p = 0.0158). CONCLUSION: This report shows that in pathological MRI in SSNHL, a pathologic cochlear base signal is always detected, a cochlear apical turn enhancement matches with low-tone impairment, and a pathological signal within the posterior labyrinth is associated with an impairment of all frequencies and the severity of SSNHL. PMID:35286438 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-022-07328-4 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Signal Quality Investigation of a New Wearable Frontal Lobe EEG Device

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Signal Quality Investigation of a New Wearable Frontal Lobe EEG Device Via cortical auditory Sensors (Basel). 2022 Feb 28;22(5):1898. doi: 10.3390/s22051898. ABSTRACT The demand for non-laboratory and long-term EEG acquisition in scientific and clinical applications has put forward new requirements for wearable EEG devices. In this paper, a new wearable frontal EEG device called Mindeep was proposed. A signal quality study was then conducted, which included simulated signal tests and signal quality comparison experiments. Simulated signals with different frequencies and amplitudes were used to test the stability of Mindeep's circuit, and the high correlation coefficients (>0.9) proved that Mindeep has a stable and reliable hardware circuit. The signal quality comparison experiment, between Mindeep and the gold standard device, Neuroscan, included three tasks: (1) resting; (2) auditory oddball; and (3) attention. In the resting state, the average normalized cross-correlation coefficients between EEG signals recorded by the two devi ces was around 0.72 ± 0.02, Berger effect was observed (p < 0.01), and the comparison results in the time and frequency domain illustrated the ability of Mindeep to record high-quality EEG signals. The significant differences between high tone and low tone in auditory event-related potential collected by Mindeep was observed in N2 and P2. The attention recognition accuracy of Mindeep achieved 71.12% and 74.76% based on EEG features and the XGBoost model in the two attention tasks, respectively, which were higher than that of Neuroscan (70.19% and 72.80%). The results validated the performance of Mindeep as a prefrontal EEG recording device, which has a wide range of potential applications in audiology, cognitive neuroscience, and daily requirements. PMID:35271044 | PMC:PMC8914983 | DOI:10.3390/s22051898 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Robot‐assisted cochlear implant surgery in a patient with partial ossification of the basal cochlear turn: a technical note

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Robot‐assisted cochlear implant surgery in a patient with partial ossification of the basal cochlear turn: a technical note Via Clinical Otolaryngology Abstract Robotic cochlear implant surgery is a new and safe technique. A system for robotic cochlear implant surgery has become available in Europe. Robotic cochlear implant surgery can be successfully performed in partially-ossified basal cochlear turns. Adaption of the planning procedure by increasing the milling depth enables robotic cochlear implant surgery in ossified basal cochlear turns. By adaption of the planning procedure, more complex anatomical variations will become implantable in the future. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The computed tomographic evaluation of bony bridge of C1 as bleeding risk factor at the screw placement

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The computed tomographic evaluation of bony bridge of C1 as bleeding risk factor at the screw placement Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2022 Mar 14. doi: 10.1007/s00276-022-02919-6. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence and morphological characteristics of ponticulus posticus (PP) and ponticulus lateralis (PL) using computed tomography (CT) images on a large study sample of the Anatolian population. The presence of the PP and PL bridges can limit gap available for placement procedure through the bony elements of C1. Routine screw techniques are contraindicat ed because of high risk of fatal bleeding of vertebral artery (VA). METHODS: The CT images of 1000 subjects (500 males, 500 females) were examined for the morphological characteristics and presence of PP and PL. The anteroposterior diameter, superoposterior (transverse) diameter, surface area, and central thickness of the bony bridge of the PP, PL, and transverse foramina (TF). RESULTS: The prevalence of PP was 14.8%, and bilateral complete PP was the most common PP type at 6.8%. The prevalence of PL was 4.1% and left-side complete PL was the most common PL type at 1.2%. The prevalence of both PP and PL was more common in males and bilateral complete PP were more predominant in males (p = 0.004, p = 0.038, and p = 0.010, respectively). The surface area of PP and PL were determined to be smaller than the surface area of the ipsilateral TF (p < 0.001 and p = 0.042, respectively). CONCLUSION: PP is not an uncommon anatomic anomaly and PL is even less frequently enc ountered. The prevalence of PP and PL was more common in males and bilateral complete PP was more predominant in males. Detailed information about the prevalence and morphometry of the PP and PL obtained in the present study could guide the clinicians dealing with neurosurgery, physical medicine and rehabilitation, and radiology in their practice. PMID:35286403 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-022-02919-6 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The issue of auditory neuropathy: from origins to the present

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The issue of auditory neuropathy: from origins to the present Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2022;87(1):60-69. doi: 10.17116/otorino20228701160. ABSTRACT The issue of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders (ANSD) has been in a focus of specialists attention for a relatively short time, but during this time a huge amount of scientific and practical knowledge about this hearing disorder has been accumulated. ANSD is a specific auditory deficit caused by dysfunction of periphery part of the auditory system, which may affect the inner hair cells, the spiral ganglion neurons and the auditory nerve, as well as the area of synaptic contact between them, while the outer hair cells, as a rule, remain intact. As a result, a specific condition is formed, in which a patient's otoacoustic emissions and/or cochlear microphonics are present, auditory brainstem responses are abnormal or absent, electrophysiological data may not correlate with hearing level, the discrepancy between pure tone audiometry and speech discrim ination is observed. ANSD prevalence, epidemiology, contemporary views on its etiology, including detailed information on hereditary forms of the disorder and its risk factors are considered in the review. The data on the basic rungs of the ANSD pathogenesis, which underlie the development of various forms of the disorder and mainly determine the rehabilitation approach, are presented. The detailed clinical and audiological characteristics of ANSD are presented; contemporary approach to ANSD diagnosis and rehabilitation, including indications for surgical treatment, are considered. PMID:35274894 | DOI:10.17116/otori no20228701160 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Hypertrophy of adenoid vegetation in modern treatment conditions

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Hypertrophy of adenoid vegetation in modern treatment conditions Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2022;87(1):70-74. doi: 10.17116/otorino20228701170. ABSTRACT We present data on the hypertrophy of adenoid vegetation in modern treatment conditions. Actual aspects of the etiology of hypertrophy of adenoid vegetation and chronic adenoiditis are discussed, and mechanisms of the formation of local immunity and the effect of immunomodulating therapy are also described. Data on the morphology of adenoids, immunity condition after exposure to modern drugs and the rationality of treatment in frequently ill children are presented. PMID:35274895 | DOI:1 0.17116/otorino20228701170 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

On the tactics of management and treatment of patients with congenital cerebral hernias in their localization in the maxillofacial region

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader On the tactics of management and treatment of patients with congenital cerebral hernias in their localization in the maxillofacial region Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2022;87(1):87-90. doi: 10.17116/otorino20228701187. ABSTRACT The analysis of the state of two patients with congenital cerebral hernias was carried out, which made it possible to establish differences in the effect of hernias on the state of the body. In the first case, the hernia is localized in the nasal cavity, and after its removal, the postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage was stopped by a flap of the mucous membrane from the opposite side of the nasal septum. In the second case clinical analysis and computed tomography made it possible to state that the hernia was in the retromaxillary space and did not affect the patient's condition. Computed tomography shows signs of moderate blood pressure on the adjacent formations, and removal of the hernia and stopping the subsequent CSF leakage were impossible. The presented observations demonstrate an ambiguous approach to resolving the issue of surgical i ntervention in such cases. PMID:35274898 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20228701187 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Current views on the treatment and prevention of recurrent acute otitis media in children (review of clinical recommendations)

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Current views on the treatment and prevention of recurrent acute otitis media in children (review of clinical recommendations) Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2022;87(1):46-51. doi: 10.17116/otorino20228701146. ABSTRACT Recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM) represents at least 3 or more separate episodes of acute otitis media within 6 months or four or more episodes over a 12-month period. The incidence of recurrent otitis media varies from 5 to 30% and does not tend to decrease. Until now, the questions of conservative and surgical treatment of patients remain unsolved. One of the main methods of treatment is antimicrobial therapy. Recently, the treatment of recurrent otitis media is complicated by the increasing acquired resistance of bacteria to antimicrobial drugs. There is also no consensus on the need for and scope of surgical interventions for children with RAOM. The authors in their article cite existing modern approaches to the prevention and treatment of RAOM in children. PMID:35274892 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20228701146 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Risk factors and clinical features of the course of recurrent acute otitis media in children

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Risk factors and clinical features of the course of recurrent acute otitis media in children Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2022;87(1):9-13. doi: 10.17116/otorino2022870119. ABSTRACT This article discusses the problem of recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM) in children. OBJECTIVE: To study the risk factors and the clinical course of RAOM in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 148 children (81 boys and 67 girls) from 1 to 14 years old were examined with a diagnosis of recurrent otitis media. The work was carried out in the ENT departments of Pediatric Clinical Hospital No. 13 named after N.F. Filatov, Pediatric Clinical Hospital named after Z.A. Bashlyaeva. The average age of the children was 4.1±1.5 years. All children underwent a clinical study, a laboratory study on the content of the main metabolite of vitamin D - 25(OH)D3 (25-hydroxyvitamin D, or calcidiol) in blood serum. RESULTS: Our clinical examination of children with RAOM allows us to identify the main risk factors for this pathology. Thus, the most significant risk factors for the development of RAOM in children included in the study were: early visits by children to preschool institutions (50.6%), allergic history (39.1%), pathology during pregnancy (28.3%), mixed (38.5%) or artificial (27.7%) feeding in the first year of life, frequent upper respiratory tract diseases (41.2%), burdened heredity in close relatives according to RAOM (33.7%), smoking in the family of one of the parents (65.5%) presence in the family of one more child (34.4%). CONCLUSION: It was shown that the absolute number of children (96%) with RAOM is characterized by a reduced level of 25(OH) vitamin D in the blood serum, which can increase the likelihood of developing episodes of acute otitis media in children and requires therapeutic correction. PMID:35274886 | DOI:10.17116/otorino2022870119 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.