Publication date: Available online 13 May 2020Source: American Journal of Infection ControlAuthor(s): Simon Ching Lam, Lorna Kwai Ping Suen, Teris Cheuk Chi Cheung
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Publication date: August 2020Source: Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Volume 63Author(s): Daniel Choquet, Eric Hosy
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Publication date: August 2020Source: Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Volume 63Author(s): Daniel A Heinz, Brenda L Bloodgood
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Abstract Quantitative evaluation and training of the reach-to-target ability in stroke patients are needed for postdischarge rehabilitation, which can be achieved using a motion-tracking system. However, most of these systems are either costly, involve sophisticated parameter interpretation, or are not designed for rehabilitation. We developed an interactive reach-to-target assessment and training system (IRTATS) based on a camera and three marker straps to detect tracking signals....
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
Abstract A key feature of human behavioral diversity is that it can be constrained by cultural preference (“cultural override”); that is, population-specific preferences can override resource availability. Here we investigate whether a similar phenomenon can be found in one of our closest relatives, as well as the potential impacts of ecological differences on feeding behavior. Our study subjects were different subpopulations of Eastern chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)...
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Related ArticlesSensory Inhibition Is Related to Variable Speech Perception in Noise in Adults With Normal Hearing. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2020 May 13;:1-13 Authors: Campbell J, Nielsen M, LaBrec A, Bean C Abstract Purpose Speech perception in noise (SPiN) varies widely in individuals with normal hearing, which may be attributed to factors that are not reflected in the audiogram, such as inhibition. However, inhibition is involved at both sensory and...
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Publication date: 1 October 2020Source: Talanta, Volume 218Author(s): Yuan-Yuan Jiang, Xu Zhao, Li-Jian Chen, Cheng Yang, Xue-Bo Yin, Xiu-Ping Yan
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Publication date: 1 October 2020Source: Talanta, Volume 218Author(s): Fangzheng Yuan, Xia Wu, Hui Zhang
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Publication date: 1 September 2020Source: Talanta, Volume 217Author(s): Havva Bekiroğlu Ataş, Adnan Kenar, Mustafa Taştekin
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Publication date: 1 September 2020Source: Talanta, Volume 217Author(s): Elisabeth Koch, Malwina Mainka, Céline Dalle, Annika I. Ostermann, Katharina M. Rund, Laura Kutzner, Laura-Fabienne Froehlich, Justine Bertrand-Michel, Cécile Gladine, Nils Helge Schebb
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The peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) has been affected by persecution, pollution, trade and habitat degradation, but it is considered a flagship conservation success story because of successful reintroductions. However, in the UK there were never formal reintroduction programmes for peregrine falcons, and it appears that UK populations - and specifically the Sussex peregrines of the English south coast - recently recovered from a population crash unassisted. To study this, we obtained samples...
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Hummingbirds in flight exhibit the highest metabolic rate of all vertebrates. The bioenergetic requirements associated with sustained hovering flight raise the possibility of unique amino acid substitutions that would enhance aerobic metabolism. Here, we have identified a non- conservative substitution within the mitochondria-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) that is fixed within hummingbirds, but not among other vertebrates. This unusual change is also rare among metazoans, but can be...
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Sexual selection maintains colourful signals that increase sexual attractiveness and dominance. Some sexually selected, colourful signals are pigments synthesized from ingested amino acids. The underlying metabolic pathways for these pigments often release toxic byproducts that can reduce individual survival. However, rather than discarding these otherwise harmful byproducts, animals may use them by integrating them into sexually selected traits. We tested this idea using males of the damselfly Hetaerina...
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The recent detection of the malaria vector mosquito species Anopheles stephensi , which is typically restricted to South Asia and the Middle East, in the Horn of Africa emphasizes the importance of continued vector surveillance in the region. Previous reports of the absence of the knockdown resistance mutations ( kdr ) in the voltage-gated sodium channel ( vgsc ) in pyrethroid resistant An. stephensi emphasize the need for further investigation of the kdr -mediated resistance mutations in other mosquitoes...
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Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), first isolated from the porcine stomach, is a neuropeptide that modulates the autonomic system in mammals and has previously been considered to be the mammalian equivalent of bombesin, a fourteen amino acid peptide first isolated from the skin of the European fire-bellied toad, Bombina bombina . Bombesin-like peptides and the related neuromedin B (NMB) have since been identified in mammals. However, the orthologous relationships among GRP/NMB/bombesin and their receptors...
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
Species interactions such as mimicry can promote trait convergence but disentangling this effect from those of shared ecology, evolutionary history and niche conservatism is often challenging. Here by focusing on wing color pattern variation within and between three butterfly species living in sympatry in a large proportion of their range, we tested the effect of species interactions on trait diversification. These butterflies display a conspicuous iridescent blue coloration on the dorsal side of...
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
Parallel evolution is consistently observed across the tree of life. However, the degree of parallelism between replicate populations in evolution experiments is rarely quantified at the gene level. Here we examine parallel evolution as the degree of covariance between replicate populations, providing a justification for the use of dimensionality reduction. We examine the extent that signals of gene-level covariance can be inferred in microbial evolve-and-resequence evolution experiments, finding...
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
Ascomycota, the largest and best-studied phylum of fungi, contains three subphyla: Saccharomycotina (budding yeasts), Pezizomycotina (filamentous fungi), and Taphrinomycotina (fission yeasts); organisms from all three subphyla have been invaluable as models in diverse fields (e.g., biotechnology, cell biology, genetics, and medicine). Despite its importance, we still lack a comprehensive genome-scale phylogeny or understanding of the similarities and differences in the mode of genome evolution within...
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
AO_SCPLOWBSTRACTC_SCPLOWIn this paper the concept of Critical Community Size (CCS) for the deterministic SIR model is introduced and its consequences for the disease dynamics are stressed. The disease can fade out after an outburst. Also the principle of competitive exclusion holds no longer true. This is exemplified for the dynamics of two competing virus strains. The virus with higher R0 can be eradicated from the population.
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
The complex landscape history of the Neotropics has generated opportunities for population isolation and subsequent diversification that place this region among the most species-rich in the world. Detailed phylogeographic studies are required to uncover the biogeographic histories of Neotropical taxa, to identify evolutionary correlates of diversity, and to reveal patterns of genetic connectivity, disjunction, and potential differentiation among lineages from different areas of endemism. The White-crowned...
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
We analyze the metabolomes of humans, chimpanzees and macaques in muscle, kidney and three different regions of the brain. Whereas several compounds in amino acid metabolism occur at either higher or lower concentrations in humans than in the other primates, metabolites in oxidative phosphorylation and purine biosynthesis are consistently present in lower concentrations in the brains of humans. In particular, metabolites downstream of adenylosuccinate lyase, which catalyzes two reactions in purine...
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
Animals that exploit an extended phenotype (e.g., residences, resources, etc.) of other animals are called inquilines. Not strictly parasites, inquilines may nevertheless possess specialized traits that adapt them to particular dimensions of the extended phenotype of their "host". These adaptations to host traits can in turn lead to fitness tradeoffs that restrict the host range of an inquiline such that shifts to novel hosts might trigger inquiline diversification. Speciation via host shifting has...
Wed May 13, 2020 03:00
Tracking genetic changes of populations through time allows a more direct study of the evolutionary processes acting on the population than a single contemporary sample. Several statistical methods have been developed to characterize the demography and selection from temporal population genetic data. However, these methods are usually developed under the assumption of outcrossing reproduction and might not be applicable when there is substantial selfing in the population. Here, we focus on a method...
Tue May 12, 2020 03:00
Related ArticlesCochlear implant telemedicine: Remote fitting based on psychoacoustic self-tests and artificial intelligence. Cochlear Implants Int. 2020 May 13;:1-9 Authors: Meeuws M, Pascoal D, Janssens de Varebeke S, De Ceulaer G, Govaerts PJ Abstract Objective: This study aims to assess the feasibility of autonomous cochlear implant (CI) fitting by adult CI recipients based on psychoacoustic self-testing and artificial intelligence (AI).Design:...
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Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of Hurthle cell carcinoma: a population based study.
Related ArticlesClinical characteristics and prognostic factors of Hurthle cell carcinoma: a population based study. BMC Cancer. 2020 May 12;20(1):407 Authors: Zhou X, Zheng Z, Chen C, Zhao B, Cao H, Li T, Liu X, Wang W, Li Y Abstract BACKGROUND: Thyroid Hurthle cell carcinoma (HCC) is a rare disease with high risk of invasion and metastasis and poor prognosis. The clinical characteristics, prognosis and treatment of HCC are still controversial,...
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Related ArticlesIn vivo assessment of the drug interaction between sorafenib and paracetamol in rats. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2020 May 11;: Authors: Karbownik A, Sobańska K, Grabowski T, Stanisławiak-Rudowicz J, Wolc A, Grześkowiak E, Szałek E Abstract PURPOSE: Sorafenib is a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) used for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and radioactive iodine resistant thyroid...
Wed May 13, 2020 14:22
Optimization of interferential stimulation of the human brain with electrode arrays. J Neural Eng. 2020 May 13;: Authors: Huang Y, Datta A, Parra LC Abstract OBJECTIVE: Interferential stimulation (IFS) has generated considerable interest recently because of its potential to achieve focal electric fields in deep brain areas with transcranial currents. Conventionally, IFS applies sinusoidal currents through two electrode pairs with close-by frequencies....
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Auditory attention tracking states in a cocktail party environment can be decoded by deep convolutional neural networks. J Neural Eng. 2020 May 13;: Authors: Tian Y, Ma L Abstract OBJECTIVE: A deep convolutional neural network (CNN) is a method for deep learning (DL). It has a powerful ability to automatically extract features and is widely used in classification tasks with scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. However, the small number of samples...
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Related ArticlesCryptophycin-55/52 based antibody-drug conjugates: Synthesis, efficacy, and mode of action studies. Eur J Med Chem. 2020 Apr 30;199:112364 Authors: Lai Q, Wu M, Wang R, Lai W, Tao Y, Lu Y, Wang Y, Yu L, Zhang R, Peng Y, Jiang X, Fu Y, Wang X, Zhang Z, Guo C, Liao W, Zhang Y, Kang T, Chen H, Yao Y, Gou L, Yang J Abstract Cryptophycin-52 (CR52), a tubulin inhibitor, exhibits promising antitumor activity in vitro (picomolar level) and in...
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Related ArticlesIrreversible kinase inhibitors targeting to cysteine residues and their applications in cancer therapy. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2020 May 13;: Authors: Das D, Hong J Abstract Protein kinases are the conserved enzymes that catalyze the phosphorilation process in cells and recognized as the targets for many diseases. FDA has approved many kinase inhibitors for the treatment of cancer and confirmed kinases as the relevant targets for drug discovery....
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Related ArticlesHER2 testing across practices-Have we come to a consensus on the ideal method of testing? A systematic literature review. Breast J. 2020 May 12;: Authors: Nassar A, Pooja A, Chivukula M Abstract Human epidermal growth factor (HER2) is an oncogene that codes for HER2 protein. The gene is amplified, and protein is overexpressed in 20% of patients and carries a poor prognosis. HER2-positive tumors tend to be more aggressive and highly proliferative....
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Related ArticlesMolecular and cellular mechanisms underlying brain metastasis of breast cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2020 May 13;: Authors: Hosonaga M, Saya H, Arima Y Abstract Metastasis of cancer cells to the brain occurs frequently in patients with certain subtypes of breast cancer. In particular, patients with HER2-positive or triple-negative breast cancer are at high risk for the development of brain metastases. Despite recent advances in the...
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Related ArticlesAbnormal Hypermethylation of CpG Dinucleotides in Promoter Regions of Matrix Metalloproteinases Genes in Breast Cancer and Its Relation to Epigenomic Subtypes and HER2 Overexpression. Biomedicines. 2020 May 10;8(5): Authors: Simonova OA, Kuznetsova EB, Tanas AS, Rudenko VV, Poddubskaya EV, Kekeeva TV, Trotsenko ID, Larin SS, Kutsev SI, Zaletaev DV, Nemtsova MV, Strelnikov VV Abstract Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors...
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Related ArticlesIntegrinB5 upregulated by HER2 in gastric cancer: a promising biomarker for liver metastasis. Ann Transl Med. 2020 Apr;8(7):451 Authors: Li Q, Peng K, Chen E, Jiang H, Wang Y, Yu S, Li W, Yu Y, Liu T Abstract Background: Liver is the most frequent metastatic site of gastric cancer (GC), especially in patients with HER2 positive GC. Exosomal integrin αvβ5 has been shown to promote liver metastasis (LM), and the cross talk between integrins...
Wed May 13, 2020 15:07
Related ArticlesBreast Cancer Statistics in Korea in 2017: Data from a Breast Cancer Registry. J Breast Cancer. 2020 Apr;23(2):115-128 Authors: Kang SY, Kim YS, Kim Z, Kim HY, Kim HJ, Park S, Bae SY, Yoon KH, Lee SB, Lee SK, Jung KW, Han J, Youn HJ, Korean Breast Cancer Society Abstract This article describes the breast cancer statistics in Korea, including the incidence, type of surgical procedure, stage, and molecular subtype, using the Korean Breast...
Wed May 13, 2020 15:07
Related ArticlesLoss of the Ste20-like kinase induces a basal/stem-like phenotype in HER2-positive breast cancers. Oncogene. 2020 May 11;: Authors: Al-Zahrani KN, Abou-Hamad J, Cook DP, Pryce BR, Hodgins JJ, Labrèche C, Robineau-Charette P, de Souza CT, Bell JC, Auer RC, Ardolino M, Vanderhyden BC, Sabourin LA Abstract HER2 is overexpressed in 20-30% of all breast cancers and is associated with an invasive disease and poor clinical outcome. The Ste20-like...
Wed May 13, 2020 13:03
Publication date: Available online 13 May 2020Source: Medical HypothesesAuthor(s): Simona Martone, Gabriele Centini, Caterina Exacoustos, Errico Zupi, Karolina Afors, Fabrizio Zullo, Francesco Maneschi, Lucia Lazzeri
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Publication date: Available online 12 May 2020Source: Medical HypothesesAuthor(s): Edouard Lansiaux, Philippe Pierre Pébaÿ, Jean-Laurent Picard, Joachim Son-Forget
Wed May 13, 2020 16:52
Publication date: Available online 12 May 2020Source: Medical HypothesesAuthor(s): Giuseppe Magro
Wed May 13, 2020 16:52
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