Αναζήτηση αυτού του ιστολογίου

Τρίτη 22 Μαρτίου 2022

Pepsinogen/Proton Pump Co‐Expression in Barrett's Esophageal Cells Induces Cancer‐Associated Changes

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader

Educational Objective

At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should better understand the carcinogenic potential of pepsin and proton pump expression in Barrett's esophagus.

Objective

Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a well-known risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Gastric H+/K+ ATPase proton pump and pepsin expression has been demonstrated in some cases of BE; however, the contribution of local pepsin and proton pump expression to carcinogenesis is unknown. In this study, RNA sequencing was used to examine global transcriptomic changes in a BE cell line ectopically expressing pepsinogen and/or gastric H+/K+ ATPase proton pumps.

Study Design

In vitro translational.

Methods

BAR-T, a human BE cell line devoid of expression of pepsinogen or proton pumps, was transduced by lentivirus-encoding pepsinogen (PGA5) and/or gastric proton pump subunits (ATP4A, ATP4B). Changes relative to the parental line were assessed by RNA sequencing.

Results

Top canonical pathways associated with protein-coding genes differentially expressed in pepsinogen and/or proton pump expressing BAR-T cells included those involved in the tumor microenvironment and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Top upstream regulators of coding transcripts included TGFB1 and ERBB2, which are associated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of BE and EAC. Top upstream regulators of noncoding transcripts included p300-CBP, I-BET-151, and CD93, which have previously described associations with EAC or carcinogenesis. The top associated disease of both coding and noncoding transcripts was cancer.

Conclusions

These data support the carcinogenic potential of pepsin and proton pump expression in BE and reveal molecular pathways affected by their expression. Further study is warranted to investigate the role of these pathways in carcinogenesis associated with BE.

Level of Evidence

N/A Laryngoscope, 2022

View on the web

ROBOTIC REPAIR OF ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT WITH PARTIAL PULMONARY VENOUS RETURN ANOMALY: OUR 5‐YEAR EXPERIENCE

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Partial pulmonary venous return anomalies (PPVRA) were not considered as a good candidate for robotic surgery in early time of robotic cardiac surgery. In this study, we present our experience in patients undergoing robotic atrial septal defect (ASD) and PPVRA surgery.

Methods

Between November 2014-January 2020, data of 21 patients underwent robotic ASD with PPVRA was collected. Inclusion criterion was presence of right-sided PPVRA with ASD. All operations were performed robotically.

Results

The mean age of patients was 26.7±10.3 years. 17 patients (81 %) had superior-caval ASD with supracardiac PPVRA and double-patch technique was used. Four patients had inferior-caval ASD with intracardiac PPVRA and single-patch technique was preferred. Cross-clamp time and cardiopulmonary bypass time were 92.8±29.6 and 127.8±38.1, respectively. There was no mortality. One patient had atrioventricular-block and required pacemaker.

Conclusion

Robotic repair of ASD with PPVRA is feasible and effective method as an alternative to conventional surgery.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

View on the web

The effectiveness of topical 1% lidocaine with systemic oral analgesics for ear pain with acute otitis media

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader

1-s2.0-S0165587622X00037-cov150h.gif

Publication date: May 2022

Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Volume 156

Author(s): Ateş Kara, Ayşe Büyükcam, Murat Sütçü, Enes Sali, Şefika Elmas Bozdemir, Manolya Kara, Eda Çullas İlarslan, Cemil Kaya, Sabahat Karakaşlılar, Gülsüm Sönmez, Soner Sertan Kara, Tuğba Bedir, Eda Albayrak, Tuğçe Tural Kara, Solmaz Çelebi, Fatma Nur Öz, Adem Karbuz, Ayper Somer, Derya Alabaz, Hasan Tezer

View on the web

Comparison of Video Head Impulse Test Findings in Individuals Aged between 20–39 and 40–60 Years

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader

pae.gif

Özge Gedik, Nilüfer Bal, Sümeyye Özdemir, Berna Özge Mutlu, Elifnur Taşdemir, Burcu Kaya, Eda Kurt, Nur Sema Kaya, Zeynep Durukan

Indian Journal of Otology 2021 27(4):225-229

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the normal gain values specific to each semicircular canals by using the goggle-less model of video head impulse test (vHIT) between ages of 20–39 and 40–60, gender and age-related gain values changes. Materials and Methods: The present study was performed in 99 participants aged 20–39 years and 100 participants aged 40–60 years. Each semicircular canal gain values were interpreted by comparing for both the age group of 20–39 and 40–60 years and gender. Results: The mean right lateral, right posterior, left lateral, and left posterior canal gain of 20–39 age group was significantly higher than the 40–60 age group. Regardless of age, while the mean left lateral canal gain in females was significantly higher than males, the mean right anterior and right posterior canal gain was significantly higher in males. The mean right lateral and the left lateral canal gains were significantly higher in females in the 20–39 year s' age group; however, the mean right anterior, right posterior, and left posterior canals gains were significantly higher in males than in females. The mean right lateral canal gain in males was significantly higher in the 40–60 age group than that of females. Conclusions: The vHIT as a standard test for vestibular assessment provides clinical benefits, in addition the comparing for different age groups for goggle-less vHIT model will provide more beneficial results in the evaluation of patients. In the literature, there are not many studies on the goggle-less vHIT device, so we believe our study will be a pioneer in this field.
View on the web

The gracilis and semitendinosus muscles: a morphometric study on 18 specimens with clinical implications

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader

pubmed-meta-image.png

Surg Radiol Anat. 2022 Mar 21. doi: 10.1007/s00276-022-02925-8. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The pes anserinus consists of the sartorius, semitendinosus, and gracilis muscles. They coalesce together with the leg fascia to form the anserine plate. The semitendinosus and gracilis both form the deep layer of this plate and are clinically relevant for ligament reconstruction. The aim of the study is to report a detailed morphometric evaluation of the semitendino sus and gracilis muscles and assess their clinical implications.

METHODS: Using a rigorous dissection process on 18 cadaveric hips, measurements of both the semitendinosus and gracilis muscles with bone parameters were conducted. We measured the following: (a) total femur, femoral shaft, and neck lengths, (b) total muscle lengths, and (c) intra-muscular and extra-muscular (free) tendon lengths. Correlation values between bone variables, muscle variables, and in-between muscle variables were computed.

RESULTS: The total muscle and the distal intra-muscular tendon length of the St and Gr are correlated with the total femur length. When compared to gracilis, the total muscle and distal intra-muscular tendon lengths of the ST are much better correlated with the total femur length. The free distal tendon length for both muscles did not show a significant correlation with any of the femoral bone lengths.

CONCLUSION: The variability of tendon length of the ST/Gr poses a s ignificant challenge to surgeons. This study reports a detailed morphometric evaluation of the ST/Gr hamstring muscle and tendons. It revealed a positive correlation between the femoral length and the ST/Gr graft lengths. This could help orthopedic surgeons in predicting the graft lengths pre-operatively and develop better planning for reconstructive surgeries.

PMID:35314874 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-022-02925-8

View on the web

Bionic hearing in auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder: A systematic review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader

pad.gif

Shruti Rajavenkat, Abishek Umashankar, Pachaiappan C Chandrasekaran

Indian Journal of Otology 2021 27(4):169-179

Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) is a condition in which the patient has poor speech perception abilities, which is characterized audiometrically with presence of oto acoustic emission and the absence of auditory brain stem response. Several authors have categorized ANSD into various types based on the anatomical and physiological origin or based up the audiometric findings. This systematic review study focuses on illuminating the benefit of cochlear implants or auditory brain stem implants for children diagnosed with ANSD.
View on the web

Diagnostic Accuracy of the Hum Test in Unilateral Hearing Loss

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader

pae.gif

Ann Maria Polson, Unnikrishnan K Menon, G Prem, M Kumar, R Bhaskaran

Indian Journal of Otology 2021 27(4):217-221

Context: There is a need for a quick reliable home test for detecting hearing loss (HL), especially in the present era of telemedicine. Hum test is one such which can be performed easily without instruments but not much documented in the literature. Aims: The aim is to find out the diagnostic accuracy of hum test in detecting unilateral HL. Settings and Design: Tertiary healthcare center, prospective, cross-sectional diagnostic test accuracy study. Subjects and Methods: The study included 85 controls and 85 patients with unilateral conductive or sensorineural HL (SNHL). The patients were divided into four groups-controls, simulated unilateral conductive HL (CHL) subjects, unilateral CHL, and SNHL patients. They underwent 4 tests-Weber test, Low pitch hum test, High pitch hum test, and pure-tone audiometry (PTA), the latter being the gold standard. Statistical Analysis Used: To test the statistical significance of the agreement between the hum test and the Weber test with PTA, McNemar 's Chi-square test was used. Diagnostic measures such as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were computed. Results: The sensitivity (85%) and accuracy (95.2%) of Hum test were better in comparison to Weber test (70% and 88.8% respectively) in unilateral sensorineural patients. However, in the case of CHL the Weber test was more sensitive in comparison with hum test (95.6% and 83.35% respectively). Overall, the diagnostic accuracy of hum test was 92.5% when compared to the Weber test (93.5%). Conclusions: Hum test can be used as a reliable screening tool for suspected sudden HL cases.
View on the web

Carrier frequency of connexin26 W24X mutation in the population of Kerala, India

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader

pae.gif

Joe Joseph, Anu Yamuna Joseph

Indian Journal of Otology 2021 27(4):222-224

Purpose: The aim is to study the carrier rate of connexin 26 (Cx26) W24X gene mutation among the general population of Kerala, India. Subjects and Methods: This study included 248 normal-hearing individuals from the general population of Kerala, India. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed to detect the presence of Cx26 W24X mutation. Results: Of the 248 individuals, 7 cases were heterozygous and 241 cases were homozygous normal. The results showed a carrier frequency of 2.82% for the Cx26 W24X mutation in the Kerala population. Conclusion: Among the selected Kerala population sample, the Cx26 gene mutation showed a high carrier rate. Early detection of nonsyndromic hearing impairment has been proven to be very helpful in speech therapy and language development. Given the high carrier rate of Cx26 W24X mutation in the Kerala population, we propose the genetic screening of the suspected newborns for W24X mutation in the Cx26 gene.
View on the web

Otogenic Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: A Case Report and Literature Review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader

pae.gif

Mostafa Meshref, Ahmed Taher Masoud, Amira Yasmine Benmelouka

Indian Journal of Otology 2021 27(4):238-240

Cerebral venous sinus occlusion is an exceptional presentation in the emergency department. Otitis and mastoiditis are rarely associated with cerebral venous sinus occlusion. It is considered as a redoubtable complication with potentially severe outcomes. Symptoms that may indicate this thrombosis are variable and include progressive headache, intracranial hypertension, seizures, focal neurological deficits, and ophthalmologic symptoms. In this article, we report a case of a young female patient presenting with otitis and mastoiditis complicated with intracranial thrombosis. She was successfully treated with antibiotics, anticoagulants, and analgesics. Furthermore, we provide a brief review on cerebral venous sinus thrombosis with a focus on its risk factors and its management. Finally, we emphasize the need for better awareness about this potential intracranial complication.
View on the web

Comparison and Validation of Acoustic Voice Quality Index Version 2 and Version 3 among South Indian Population

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader
Acoustic Voice Quality Index (AVQI) has emerged in the recent past as a robust multiparametric voice quality evaluation tool. Two versions of AVQI derived using the program PRAAT have found extensive clinical and research applications. These versions have been validated in several languages around the world. However, no research reports are available on validation of AVQI in the South Indian population. Further, studies comparing the performance of the two versions of AVQI are limited in the literature.
View on the web

Injection laryngoplasty during transoral laser microsurgery for early glottic cancer: a randomized controlled trial

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader

40463.jpg

Transoral laser microsurgery is widely used for treating T1/T2 glottic cancers. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is commonly used in vocal cord augmentation. We investigated the impact of intra-operative injection laryngo...
View on the web

Evolution of midface microvascular reconstruction: three decades of experience from a single institution

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Mar 22. doi: 10.1007/s00405-022-07321-x. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Midface reconstruction poses a complex set of challenges for reconstructive surgeons. The optimal midface reconstruction must possess a durable underlying bone construct capable of integrating dental implants. Facial contour is restored by the overlying microvascular soft tissue reconstruction with reestablishment of the oral cavity. A plethora of microvascular flaps used in clinical practice have been described including those harvested from the iliac crest, scapula, fibula, forearm and back (latissimus dorsi). The objective was to share our experiences with each of these treatment options that have continued to evolve over time for the benefit of patients.

METHODS: Our institution has over three decades of experience in reconstructing complex midface defects and this article summarizes midface reconstruction from an evolutionary perspective (for type II, III and IV defect; Browns classification, Supplementary Table I). We broadly divide this into (i) flaps supplied by the subscapular system (ii) autologous reconstruction with titanium mesh and (iii) fibula microvascular flaps using 3D planning.

RESULTS: The advantages and disadvantages for each approach are discussed (Supplementary Table II).

CONCLUSION: In the future, it is expected that 3D planning coupled with rapid prototyping, intraoperative navigation and CT imaging will become standard procedural practice.

PMID:35316380 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-022-07321-x

View on the web