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Τρίτη 19 Ιουνίου 2018

Causal relationship between agricultural production and carbon dioxide emissions in selected emerging economies

Abstract

Continuous threat posed by climate change caused by carbon dioxide emission has reignited global advocacy to confront its negative ramification with the greatest possible firmness. Global food security and agriculture face major challenges under climate change as a result of the potential negative effect of production and implementation of sectoral action to limit global warming. Overall, agricultural greenhouse emissions continue to rise and the analysis of superior data on emissions from farming, livestock, and fisheries can help countries identify opportunities to contemporaneously reduce emissions and address their food security. This study seeks to contribute to the recent literature by examining the causal relationship between agriculture production and carbon dioxide emissions in selected emerging economies for the period 1971 to 2013. The study, therefore, disaggregated agriculture production into crop production index and livestock production index to explicate the distinct and to find individual variable contribution to carbon dioxide emissions. By using FMOLS and DOLS, empirical results indicate that 1% increase in economic growth, crop production index, and livestock production index will cause a proportional increase in carbon dioxide emission by 17%, 28%, and 28% correspondingly, while 1% increase in energy consumption and population improves the environment of emerging economies. The direction of causality among the variables was, accordingly, examined using PMG estimator. Potentially, for emerging countries to achieve Sustainable Development Goal of ensuring zero hunger for their citizenry requires the need to alter their farming production techniques and also adopt agricultural technology method, which is more environmentally friendly.



Correction to: Effect of simulated acid rain on fluorine mobility and the bacterial community of phosphogypsum

After publication of this study (Wang et al. 2018), we noticed a major mistake in the Fig. 7 that the Fig. 7a and the Fig. 7b were published with a same picture. The correct Fig. 7 was labeled here. We sincerely regret for the error, and sorry for the inconveniences!



Abstracts zu den Vorträgen

JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, Volume 16, Issue S3, Page 6-35, June 2018.


Autorenverzeichnis

JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, Volume 16, Issue S3, Page 49-50, June 2018.


Abstracts zu den Vorträgen

JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, Volume 16, Issue S3, Page 47-48, June 2018.


Abstracts zur Posterausstellung

JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, Volume 16, Issue S3, Page 36-43, June 2018.


Details zur Konferenz

JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, Volume 16, Issue S3, Page 1-5, June 2018.


Abstracts zu den Vorträgen

JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, Volume 16, Issue S3, Page 44-46, June 2018.


Lack of detectable effect of narrow‐band ultraviolet B on peripheral blood mononuclear cell cytokine expression in early‐stage mycosis fungoides

Photodermatology, Photoimmunology &Photomedicine, EarlyView.


Emperipolesis and S100 expression may be seen in cutaneous xanthogranulomas: A multi‐institutional observation

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, EarlyView.


Multiple acquired smooth muscle hamartomas with thick‐walled blood vessels on scalp

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, EarlyView.


Poroid hidradenoma in the hand: A case report and systematic review

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, EarlyView.


Reliability of the skin blotting method when used on the elderly

International Wound Journal, EarlyView.


Pressure ulcers’ incidence, preventive measures, and risk factors in neonatal intensive care and intermediate care units

International Wound Journal, EarlyView.


Aerosol columnar characteristics and their heterogeneous nature over Varanasi, in the central Ganges valley

Abstract

The Indo–Gangetic Basin (IGB) experiences one of the highest aerosol loading over the globe with pronounced inter-/intra-seasonal variability. Four-year (January 2011–December 2014) continuous MICROTOPS-II sun-photometer measurements at Varanasi, central Ganges valley, provide an opportunity to investigate the aerosol physical and optical properties and their variability. A large variation in aerosol optical depth (AOD: from 0.23 to 1.89, mean of 0.82 ± 0.31) and Ångström exponent (AE: from 0.19 to 1.44, mean of 0.96 ± 0.27) is observed, indicating a highly turbid atmospheric environment with significant heterogeneity in aerosol sources, types and optical properties. The highest seasonal means of both AOD and AE are observed in the post-monsoon (October–November) season (0.95 ± 0.31 for AOD and 1.16 ± 0.14 for AE) followed by winter (December, January, February; 0.97 ± 0.34 for AOD and 1.09 ± 0.20 for AE) and are mainly attributed to the accumulation of aerosols from urban and biomass/crop residue burning emissions within a shallow boundary layer. In contrast, during the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons, the aerosols are mostly coming from natural origin (desert and mineral dust) mixed with pollution in several cases. The spectral dependence of AE, the aerosol "curvature" effect and other graphical techniques are used for the identification of the aerosol types and their mixing processes in the atmosphere. Furthermore, the aerosol source–apportionment assessment using the weighted potential source contribution function (WPSCF) analysis reveals the different aerosol types, emission sources and transport pathways.



Electrochemical degradation of diclofenac using three-dimensional electrode reactor with multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Abstract

The electro-oxidation treatment of aqueous solution containing diclofenac (DCF) on a Ti/RuO2–TiO2 electrode in the presence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was studied in a three-dimensional electrochemical (3DE) reactor. The response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was utilized to determine the influence of different factors. The results revealed that the obtained polynomial experimental model had a high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9762) based on analysis of variance. The optimum condition for the removal of DCF by the 3DE process was obtained with the initial pH of 3.8, the initial DCF concentration of 4 mg/L, the current density of 20 mA/cm2, the particle electrode concentration of 70 mg/L, and the electrolysis time of 85 min. The quadratic model developed for DCF removal and subsequently the analysis of the F value illustrated that the initial pH was the most important factor in the removal of DCF. The comparative experiments between electrochemical processes showed the high electrocatalytic activity and removal efficiency of the 3DE reactor with the MWCNT particle electrode. The results also showed that the Ti/RuO2–TiO2 electrode, in addition to its high stability, had a very good electrocatalytic activity in the 3D reactor. The stability and reusability test proved that MWCNTs, as a particle electrode, had a potential to improve the long-term electrocatalytic degradation of DCF in the aqueous solutions. Based on the identified intermediate compounds along with the results of other studies, a possible pathway for the electrochemical oxidation of DCF by the 3DE process catalyzed with MWCNTs was proposed.



Refining definitions within low‐risk differentiated thyroid cancers

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


Cochlear implant performance in children deafened by congenital cytomegalovirus—A systematic review

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


Lone Star retractor for endoscopic ear surgery

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


Otitis media with effusion in aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease patients—A series of 22 cases

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


A comprehensive analysis of all patients (n = 509) undergoing tonsillectomy during 1 year in a large centralised service

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


Upper airway obstruction assessment: Peak inspiratory flow and clinical COPD Questionnaire

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


The clinical characteristics and histopathological features of chronic rhinosinusitis with unilateral nasal polyps in 136 patients in Southern China

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


The changing aetiology of head and neck squamous cell cancer: A tale of three cancers?

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


Roles of Vanadium and Nitrogen in Photocatalytic Activity of VN‐Codoped TiO2 Photocatalyst

Photochemistry and Photobiology, EarlyView.


Ginsenoside C‐Mx Isolated from Notoginseng Stem‐leaf Ginsenosides Attenuates Ultraviolet B‐mediated Photoaging in Human Dermal Fibroblasts

Photochemistry and Photobiology, EarlyView.


Ribes nigrum L. Prevents UVB‐mediated Photoaging in Human Dermal Fibroblasts: Potential Antioxidant and Antiinflammatory Activity

Photochemistry and Photobiology, EarlyView.


Milling‐Induced Synthesis of BiOCl1‐xBrx Solid Solution and Their Adsorptive and Photocatalytic Performance

Photochemistry and Photobiology, EarlyView.


Kinetics, Thermodynamics, and Modeling of Amido Black Dye Photodegradation in Water Using Co/TiO2 Nanoparticles

Photochemistry and Photobiology, EarlyView.


OnabotulinumtoxinA in the treatment of refractory chronic cluster headache

Cluster headache (CH) is a clinically well-defined primary headache disorder, approximately 20% of cluster headache sufferers experience recurrent attacks without periods of significant remission. For the trea...

Involvement of M1/M2 macrophages in the pathomechanisms of intralymphatic histiocytosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis

The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Chronological observation of surgically‐treated granuloma faciale implies the necessity of circumspect management for perinasal nodular subset

The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Clindamycin phosphate 1.2%/benzoyl peroxide 3% fixed‐dose combination gel versus topical combination therapy of adapalene 0.1% gel and clindamycin phosphate 1.2% gel in the treatment of acne vulgaris in Japanese patients: A multicenter, randomized, investigator‐blind, parallel‐group study

The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Two cases of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia caused by novel deletion mutations in the EDA gene

The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Three cases of palmoplantar pustulosis successfully treated with apremilast

The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Guselkumab, an anti‐interleukin‐23 monoclonal antibody, for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque‐type psoriasis in Japanese patients: Efficacy and safety results from a phase 3, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study

The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Simple and effective modification of the axial frontonasal flap to prevent flap distortion

The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Mortality in bullous pemphigoid: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of standardized mortality ratios

The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Recurrent orogenital erythema multiforme and vulval neutrophilic dermatosis

Australasian Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Nonhealing ulcers in a young male

Australasian Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Lichenoid drug eruption in a child with Turner syndrome: A rare adverse reaction of recombinant human growth hormone

Australasian Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Hand‐like periungual fibrokeratoma

Australasian Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Eczematous reactions mimicking psoriasiform dermatitis induced by nivolumab for advanced lung cancer

Australasian Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Dermal duct tumour with ductal and sebaceous differentiation

Australasian Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Botulinum toxin type A for the first‐line treatment of Hailey–Hailey disease

Australasian Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Frontal fibrosing alopecia: Regrowth following cessation of sunscreen on the forehead

Australasian Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Measurement of healthcare quality in atopic dermatitis – development and application of a set of quality indicators

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


High volume of polysorbate‐containing (Tween® 80) solutions induces false‐positive results in intradermal test

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


The PERIOPTER syndrome (periorificial and ptychotropic erythrokeratoderma): a new Mendelian disorder of cornification

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


Reply to the commentary on ‘Oral melanoma and other pigmentations: when to biopsy?’

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


A rare case with prominent features of both discoid lupus erythematosus and pemphigus foliaceus

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


Response to newer therapeutic modalities for actinomycetoma by Nocardia species

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Newer therapeutic modalities for Actinomycetoma by Nocardia species

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Recurrent pyoderma gangrenosum developed after a cesarean section with a 10‐year interval

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Unilateral nipple erosion with acantholysis

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Itch and psyche: psychiatric aspects of pruritus

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


An alternative in the treatment of notalgia paresthetica: neural therapy

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Combined fractional carbon dioxide laser and long‐pulsed neodymium : yttrium‐aluminium‐garnet (1064 nm) laser in treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa; a prospective randomized intra‐individual controlled study

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Evaluation of intralesional injection of bleomycin in the treatment of plantar warts: clinical and dermoscopic evaluation

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Varicella in a patient with drug‐induced hypersensitivity syndrome developed after autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Ichthyosis, atopic dermatitis, and alopecia

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Pseudoxanthoma elasticum‐like papillary dermal elastolysis: a case report and review of literature

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Postpartum polymorphic eruption of pregnancy: an unusual presentation

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Safety and efficacy of topical cantharidin for the treatment of pediatric molluscum contagiosum: a prospective, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled pilot trial

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Identification of a novel substitution mutation (R103C) in the rod domain of the keratin 17 gene associated with pachyonychia congenita type 2

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


A cross‐sectional study of sweat‐induced dermatitis during a South Indian summer: a glimpse of sweat gland‐mediated cutaneous inflammation

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Comparative study between: Carboxytherapy, platelet‐rich plasma, and tripolar radiofrequency, their efficacy and tolerability in striae distensae

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.


Comparison of tissue loss by different punches: A new A‐design

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.


Intense pulsed light and laser treatment regimen improves scar evolution after cleft lip repair surgery

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.


Dual functional bioactive‐peptide, AIMP1‐derived peptide (AdP), for anti‐aging

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.


Platelet rich plasma for the management of hair loss: Better alone or in combination?

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.


Five novel RECQL4 mutations in four Chinese patients with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome and analysis of RECQL4 mRNA expression level in one typical patient

Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS; OMIM # 268400), also known as poikiloderma congenitale, is a rare autosomal recessive genodermatosis characterized by poikiloderma (skin atrophy, telangiectasia, hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation) associated with photosensitivity, short stature resulting from growth delay, sparse scalp hair, sparse or absent eyelashes and/or eyebrows, juvenile cataracts, skeletal abnormalities, premature aging and a predisposition to neoplasia (osteosarcoma and spinocellular carcinoma) [1,2].

Cosmetic and structural outcomes of two different techniques of medial epicanthoplasty according to epicanthal fold classification and severity: a cohort study

This study aimed to compare the cosmetic and structural outcomes of two techniques for medial epicanthoplasty of the epicanthal fold, which varied in classification and severity.

Auricular Reconstruction of Congenital Microtia Using Modified Nagata Method: Personal 10-Year Experience with 1350 Cases

Total auricular reconstruction is currently one of the most challenging plastic procedures. Herein, we present our 10-year experience with 1350 cases of ear reconstruction using Nagata method with necessary improvement.

Assessment of MRI Safety Issues for Stainless Steel Sutures used for Microtia Reconstruction

Potential magnetic resonance imaging issues for stainless steel sutures used for microtia reconstruction could be clinically significant from safety and diagnostic yield considerations. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to assess magnetic resonance issues (magnetic field interactions, heating, and artifacts) for different types of stainless steel sutures used for microtia reconstruction.

Risk of basal cell carcinoma in a randomized clinical trial of aspirin and folic acid for the prevention of colorectal adenomas

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Two cases of generalized pustular psoriasis complicated by IgG4‐related disease

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Dual efficacy of dupilumab in a patient with concomitant atopic dermatitis and alopecia areata

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale is a screening measure of general distress

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


Angiosarcoma of the scalp responding to nivolumab: a case report

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


British Society for Investigative Dermatology Annual Meeting 2018 26–28 March 2018 Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 178, Issue 6, Page e397-e435, June 2018.


A new deletion mutation sheds light on laminin‐332 biology

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 178, Issue 6, Page 1245-1245, June 2018.


Psoriasis has a huge impact on teenagers

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 178, Issue 6, Page 1243-1243, June 2018.


The walking dead: sequential nuclear and organelle destruction during hair development

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 178, Issue 6, Page e440-e440, June 2018.


青少年银屑病患者的健康相关生活质量:一项基于访谈的研究

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 178, Issue 6, Page e459-e459, June 2018.


Developing a protocol to identify and prioritize research questions for psoriasis: a James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 178, Issue 6, Page e439-e439, June 2018.


Calcinosis cutis: a rock and a hard place

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 178, Issue 6, Page 1243-1245, June 2018.


成人依恋取向和心理调适应对策略对皮肤病患者生活的
影响

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 178, Issue 6, Page e461-e461, June 2018.


Neural control of sweat secretion: a review of the neurology and current treatment options for hyperhidrosis

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 178, Issue 6, Page 1233-1234, June 2018.


Building the evidence base for current systemic treatments for severe, chronic atopic dermatitis: methotrexate vs. azathioprine

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 178, Issue 6, Page 1236-1237, June 2018.


Image Gallery: Concomitant eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis and granuloma faciale

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 178, Issue 6, Page e395-e395, June 2018.


Langerhans cells in psoriasis: getting to the core of the disease

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 178, Issue 6, Page 1240-1240, June 2018.


In vitro activities of antifungal drugs against environmental Exophiala isolates and review of the literature

Mycoses, EarlyView.


Fungal diseases in children and adolescents in a referral centre in Bogota, Colombia

Mycoses, EarlyView.


Performance of serum (1,3)‐ß‐d‐glucan screening for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in neutropenic patients with haematological malignancies

Mycoses, EarlyView.


How to prophylax against invasive fungal infections in adult ALL? An unmet need

Mycoses, EarlyView.


Admitting a Sense of Superiority: Aggrandized Higher Education Status as an Objection to Educational Inequality

Abstract

Recalling the landmark US Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education (1954), the advancement of educational equality is often associated with the reduction of stigmatizing differences in status or "sense of inferiority" engendered by separately and differentially educated citizens. This essay takes up the obverse concern, the sense of superiority sustained by educational inequality, with particular focus on the inequality signaled by higher education status (HES). I contend that the presence of aggrandized HES in a democratic society provides reasons to object to educational inequality for which institutions of higher education ought to be held responsible. Aggrandized HES not only demands a questionable deference from citizens in a democratic society; it also weakens HES's signaling of epistemic authority and equality of educational opportunity, which harms the public's motivation to learn by distorting beliefs about education. To address this problem, I argue that the best policy solution for curbing aggrandized uses of HES is to transform the positional aspect of higher education using an admissions policy originally suggested by Elizabeth Anderson, which I term the elite culture strategy. Beyond admissions policies, this essay addresses the larger concern of educating citizens to perceive and assess educational status according to democratic norms and not solely in terms of self-interested gain.



Organic micropollutants paracetamol and ibuprofen—toxicity, biodegradation, and genetic background of their utilization by bacteria

Abstract

Currently, analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are classified as one of the most emerging group of xenobiotics and have been detected in various natural matrices. Among them, monocyclic paracetamol and ibuprofen, widely used to treat mild and moderate pain are the most popular. Since long-term adverse effects of these xenobiotics and their biological and pharmacokinetic activity especially at environmentally relevant concentrations are better understood, degradation of such contaminants has become a major concern. Moreover, to date, conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are not fully adapted to remove that kind of micropollutants. Bioremediation processes, which utilize bacterial strains with increased degradation abilities, seem to be a promising alternative to the chemical methods used so far. Nevertheless, despite the wide prevalence of paracetamol and ibuprofen in the environment, toxicity and mechanism of their microbial degradation as well as genetic background of these processes remain not fully characterized. In this review, we described the current state of knowledge about toxicity and biodegradation mechanisms of paracetamol and ibuprofen and provided bioinformatics analysis concerning the genetic bases of these xenobiotics decomposition.



An Infant with Suppurative Adenitis, Nonhealing Wound, and Perianal Sinus

Publication date: Available online 19 June 2018
Source:The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
Author(s): Pandiarajan Vignesh, Amit Rawat, Anju Gupta




Shaping Escherichia coli for recombinant membrane protein production

Abstract
The bacterium Escherichia coli has been widely used for the production of both pro- and eukaryotic membrane proteins. Usually, a set of standard strains as well as different culture setups and induction regimes are screened for to enhance production yields. However, on a limited scale, E. coli strains have been isolated for recombinant helical bundle membrane protein production using both selection- and engineering-based approaches. Here, we discuss how such approaches have been used so far to shape E. coli for the production of these recombinant membrane proteins and may be used in the future to further enhance production yields.

SCO5351 is a pleiotropic factor that impacts secondary metabolism and morphological development in Streptomyces coelicolor

Abstract
The genome of Streptomyces coelicolor encodes hundreds of putative regulatory proteins, most of which are of unknown function, including SCO5351. In this study, we determined that deletion of sco5351 largely abrogates production of actinorhodin (ACT) and reduces production of the calcium-dependent antibiotic (CDA). Comprehensive transcriptional analyses indicated that transcription of genes of the ACT pathway, including the pathway-specific regulator actII-orf4 and those involved in building of the chemical compound, was markedly lower in Δsco5351 at the late growth phase. However, transcription of genes in the CDA cluster was notably reduced in Δsco5351 only at the early growth phase, suggesting that SCO5351 has a regulatory role throughout growth. Similar to the observations with Δsco5351, ACT production was blocked by mutagenesis of three conserved amino acids potentially involved in dimerization of SCO5351, indicating that protein dimerization is critical for the function of SCO5351. In addition, disruption of sco5351 delayed the formation of aerial mycelium and spores under the conditions tested, and consistent with this, transcription of developmental genes associated with spore formation was reduced in Δsco5351, implying that SCO5351 is involved in developmental control. Our findings reveal SCO5351 as a pleiotropic regulator with roles in both secondary metabolism and morphological development in S. coelicolor.

How persistent identifiers can save scientists time

Abstract
Research information is useful only if it can be shared – with other researchers, with research organizations (institutions, laboratories, funders, and others), and with the wider community. In our digital age, that means sharing information between data systems. Persistent identifiers (PIDs) provide unique keys for people, places, and things, which enable accurate mapping of information between these systems and supports the research process by facilitating search, discovery, recognition, and collaboration. This article reviews the main PIDs used in research – DOIs for publications, ORCID iDs for researchers, and a proposed new identifier for research organizations – as well as demonstrating how they are being used, and how, in combination, they can increase trust in research and the research infrastructure.

Identification of novel genes to assign enhanced tolerance to osmotic stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains tolerant to osmotic stress are important for ethanol production during very high gravity (VHG) fermentation. We aimed to identify novel genes that confer enhanced tolerance to osmotic stress in S. cerevisiae. Two strains tolerant to up to 30% (w/v) glucose were isolated by screening a transposon-mediated mutant library. Two genes were identified: TIS11 and SDS23. In addition, the ability of these genes to confer osmotic stress tolerance was demonstrated by disrupting and overexpressing the open reading frame of each gene. The two transposon mutants grew faster than the control strain in YPD rich medium containing 30% (w/v) glucose and showed activation of Hog1p in response to VHG glucose. The disruption of genes identified in this study, TIS11 and SDS23, provide a basis for improved tolerance to osmotic stress under VHG fermentation condition.

Rapid and sensitive detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using multiple cross displacement amplification and gold Nanoparticle-based lateral flow biosensor visualization

Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes nosocomial infections of burn patients and other immunocompromised individuals, but the conventional diagnosis of P. aeruginosa infection depends on time-consuming culture-based methods. Hence, a simple, fast, sensitive technique for detection of P. aeruginosa using multiple cross displacement amplification (MCDA) and gold nanoparticle-based lateral flow biosensors (LFB) was developed. By using this technique, the reaction could be completed at an optimized constant temperature (67°C) within only 40 min. The reaction product could be detected visually using a LFB, eliminating the need for special equipment. The P. aeruginosa-MCDA-LFB method was highly specific, and accurately distinguished P. aeruginosa from other pathogens. Just 10 fg of genomic DNA template (from pure culture) could be detected. The assay could also detect P. aeruginosa in clinical sputum samples and showed the same sensitivity and specificity as the reference (culture-biochemical) method. In the future, this rapid, simple and accurate P. aeruginosa-MCDA-LFB technique might be applied in clinical practice.

RuBisCO large-subunit gene primers for assessing the CO2-assimilating planktonic community structure in Jiaozhou Bay, China

Abstract
The protein coding genes (rbcL/cbbL/cbbM) for RuBisCO large subunit, the most abundant protein on earth that drives biological CO2 fixation, were considered as useful marker genes in characterizing CO2-assimilating plankton. However, their community specificity has hindered comprehensive screening of genetic diversity. In this study, six different rbcL/cbbL/cbbM primers were employed to screen clone libraries to identify CO2-assimilating plankton in Jiaozhou Bay. The following community compositions were observed: the community components in Form I A/B rbcL/cbbL clone library mainly comprised Chlorophyta and Proteobacteria, Form ID2 and ID3 libraries consisted of Bacillariophyta, Form II cbbM library consisted of Proteobacteria and Alveolata, and both Form I green and red libraries included Proteobacteria, respectively. At the genus taxonomic level, no overlaps among these clone libraries were observed, except for ID2 and ID3. Overall, the phytoplankton in Jiaozhou Bay mainly consists of Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Cryptophyta, Haptophyceae, and Alveolata. The CO2-assimilating prokaryotes mainly consist of Proteobacteria. Considering the high sequence specificities of these marker genes, we propose that the joint use of multiple primers may be utilized in unveiling the diversity of CO2-assimilating organisms. In addition, designing novel RuBisCO gene primers that generate longer amplicons and have broader phylogenetic coverage may be necessary in the future.

Molecular cloning, expression and biochemical characterization of periplasmic nitrate reductase from Campylobacter jejuni

Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni, a human gastrointestinal pathogen, uses nitrate for growth under microaerophilic conditions using periplasmic nitrate reductase (Nap). The catalytic subunit, NapA, contains two prosthetic groups, an iron sulfur cluster and a molybdenum cofactor. Here we describe the cloning, expression, purification, Michaelis-Menten kinetics (kcat of 5.91 ± 0.18 s−1 and a KM (nitrate) of 3.40 ± 0.44 μM) in solution using methyl viologen as an electron donor. The data suggest that the high affinity of NapA for nitrate could support growth of C. jejuni on nitrate in the gastrointestinal tract. Site-directed mutagenesis was used and the codon for the molybdenum coordinating residue, cysteine has been exchanged for serine. The resulting variant NapA is four fold less active than the native enzyme confirming the importance of this residue. The properties of the C. jejuni enzyme reported here represents the first isolation and characterization of an Epsilonproteobacterial NapA. Therefore, the fundamental knowledge of Nap has been expanded.

Improvement of activated carbon characteristics by sonication and its application for pharmaceutical contaminant adsorption

Abstract

Sonicated activated carbon (SAC) was developed and used to remove ibuprofen and ketoprofen from aqueous media by adsorption. A standard activated carbon sample (AC) was used as comparison. Both adsorbents were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), N2 adsorption isotherms (Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET)), helium gas pycnometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the adsorption study, kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics were evaluated. SAC presented better characteristics than AC. Pseudo-second-order model was adequate to predict the kinetic curves. The isotherm data obeyed the Sips model. Thermodynamic results revealed a spontaneous and endothermic process, where physisorption was involved. The maximum adsorption capacities of SAC were 134.5 and 89.2 mg g−1 for ibuprofen and ketoprofen, respectively. For AC, the maximum adsorption capacities were 115.1 and 79.1 mg g−1 for ibuprofen and ketoprofen, respectively. The sonication technique presented great potential to improve the AC characteristics, generating a promising material (SAC) for ibuprofen and ketoprofen adsorption.



Public health risk management case concerning the city of Isfahan according to a hypothetical release of HF from a chemical plant

Abstract

Accidents have happened in the chemical industries all over the world with serious consequences for the adjacent heavily populated areas. In this study, the impact of the probable hypothetical event, releasing considerable amounts of hydrogen fluoride (HF) as a strong irritant into the atmosphere over the city of Isfahan from a strategic chemical plant, was simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In this model, the meteorological parameters were integrated into time and space, and dispersion of the pollutants was estimated based on a probable accidental release of HF. According to the hypothetical results of the simulation model in this study, HF clouds reached Isfahan in 20 min and exposed 80% of the general public to HF concentration in the range of 0–34 ppm. Then, they dissipated 240 min after the time of the incident. Supposing the uniform population density within the proximity of the city of Isfahan with the population of 1.75 million, 5% of the population (87,500 people) could be exposed for a few minutes to a HF concentration as high as 34 ppm. This concentration is higher than a very hazardous concentration described as the Immediate Danger to Life and Health (30 ppm). This hypothetical risk evaluation of environmental exposure to HF with the potential of health risks was very instrumental for the general public of Isfahan in terms of risk management. Similar studies based on probable accidental scenarios along with the application of a simulation model for computation of dispersed pollutants are recommended for risk evaluation and management of cities in the developing countries with a fast pace of urbanization around the industrial sites.



ESMO Consensus Conference on malignant lymphoma: management of ‘ultra-high-risk’ patients

Abstract
The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) consensus conference on malignant lymphoma was held on 20 June 2015 in Lugano, Switzerland, and included a multidisciplinary panel of 25 leading experts. The aim of the conference was to develop recommendations on critical subjects difficult to consider in detail in the ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines. The following areas were identified: (1) the elderly patient, (2) prognostic factors suitable for clinical use and (3) the 'ultra-high-risk' group. Before the conference, the expert panel was divided into three working groups; each group focused on one of these areas in order to address clinically relevant questions relating to that topic. All relevant scientific literature, as identified by the experts, was reviewed in advance. During the consensus conference, each working group developed recommendations to address each of the questions devised by their group. These recommendations were then presented to the entire multidisciplinary panel and a consensus was reached. This manuscript presents recommendations regarding the management of the following 'ultra-high-risk' situations: (1) early central nervous system relapse of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, (2) primary refractory Hodgkin lymphoma and (3) plasmablastic lymphoma. Results, including a summary of evidence supporting each recommendation, are detailed in this manuscript. All expert panel members approved this final article.

Democratizing Health Research Through Data Cooperatives

Abstract

Massive amounts of data are collected and stored on a routine basis in virtually all domains of human activities. Such data are potentially useful to biomedicine. Yet, access to data for research purposes is hindered by the fact that different kinds of individual-patient data reside in disparate, unlinked silos. We propose that data cooperatives can promote much needed data aggregation and consequently accelerate research and its clinical translation. Data cooperatives enable direct control over personal data, as well as more democratic governance of data pools. This model can realize a specific kind of data economy whereby citizens and communities are empowered to steer data use according to their motivations, preferences, and concerns. Policy makers can promote this model by recognizing citizens' rights to access and to obtain a copy of their own data, and by funding distributed data infrastructures piloting new data aggregation models.



Newly developed magnifying endoscopic classification of the Japan Esophageal Society to identify superficial Barrett’s esophagus-related neoplasms

Abstract

Aim and methods

The Japan Esophageal Society created a working committee group consisting of 11 expert endoscopists and 2 pathologists with expertise in Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma. The group developed a consensus-based classification for the diagnosis of superficial BE-related neoplasms using magnifying endoscopy.

Results

The classification has three characteristics: simplified, an easily understood classification by incorporating the diagnostic criteria for the early gastric cancer, including the white zone and demarcation line, and the presence of a modified flat pattern corresponding to non-dysplastic histology by adding novel diagnostic criteria. Magnifying endoscopic findings are composed of mucosal and vascular patterns, and are initially classified as "visible" or "invisible." Morphologic features were evaluated for "visible" patterns, and were subsequently rated as "regular" or "irregular," and the histology, non-dysplastic or dysplastic, was predicted.

Conclusion

We introduce the process and outline of the magnifying endoscopic classification.



Technique de prélèvement du lambeau fessier pour la reconstruction mammaire

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Publication date: Available online 18 June 2018
Source:Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthétique
Author(s): V. Duquennoy-Martinot, C. Depoortère, C. Calibre, P. Guerreschi, P. Patenotre
Le lambeau fessier inférieur est une technique de reconstruction mammaire autologue microchirurgicale utilisant les parties molles de la région du sillon sous-fessier. Le prolongement périnéal permet d'augmenter le volume prélevé. Le pédicule comportant un artère et deux grosses veine remonte dans l'échancrure ischiatique et peut atteindre 8 à 12cm. Le changement de position en peropératoire, la relative brièveté du pédicule et la fermeté des tissus transférés sont contrebalancés par la discrétion des séquelles du site donneur et le volume toujours suffisant même chez la femme mince. La meilleure indication de cette technique est la reconstruction mammaire bilatérale mais il est aussi une solution en cas de contre-indication des autres lambeaux autologues, notamment le DIEP.The lower gluteal flap is an autologous microsurgical breast reconstruction procedure using the soft tissue of the region of the gluteal sulcus. The perineal extension increases the volume of the sample. The pedicle with one artery and two large veins extends up the ischial notch and can reach 8 to 12cm. The two operative positions, the relative shortness of the pedicle and the firm tissues transferred are balanced by the discretion of the sequelae of the donor site and the volume which is always enough even in the slim woman. The best indication of this technique is two-sided breast reconstruction but it also provides a solution in case of contraindication of other autologous flaps, especially DIEP.



Physiological Strain in French Vineyard Workers Wearing Protective Equipment to Conduct Re-Entry Tasks in Humid Conditions

Abstract
The proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE) plays an important role in reducing exposure to pesticides in vineyard farming activities, including re-entry tasks. However, discomfort from clothing systems may increase the physiological burden on workers. We compared the physiological burdens of vineyard workers wearing three different types of PPE during canopy management in field humid conditions while accounting for occupational, climatic, and geographical environments. The study was conducted in the Bordeaux vineyards of southern France during June 2012. A total of 42 workers from seven vineyards consented to field observations. The following PPE garments were randomly allocated: HF Estufa polyamide (Brisa®), Tyvek® Classic Plus, and Tychem® C Standard. Participant sociodemographic characteristics were collected using a structured questionnaire. Skin temperature and heart rate were monitored continuously using portable devices. Multivariate multilevel linear regression models were performed to account for the hierarchical structure of data. No significant difference was found for mean skin temperature during work. Regardless of the cardiac strain parameter considered, the Tyvek® Classic Plus garment produced the poorest results (P ≤ 0.03). Under the very humid conditions encountered during the field study, the thinness and breathability of the Tyvek® Classic Plus garment resulted in undergarment humidity, imposing additional physiological burden on vineyard workers. These results confirm that the idea of using generic coveralls in any farming activity is unsuitable. Compromises should be created between physiological costs and protection, depending on the agricultural task performed, the crop grown, and the environmental conditions encountered.