Effect of a high-cholesterol diet on lipoprotein metabolism and xanthoma formation in rabbits

Summary

Background

Xanthelasma is the most common type of cutaneous xanthoma and often occurs on the eyelids. Xanthoma has been reported to be highly correlated with abnormal lipoprotein metabolism.

Aims

In this study, we wanted to investigate the effects of a high-cholesterol diet on xanthoma formation and lipoprotein metabolism in rabbits.

Methods

In animals fed with high-cholesterol diet, deteced plasma lipid [ie, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (L-DLC)] levels and pathology of xanthoma.

Results

Plasma lipid levels were dramatically elevated within 8 weeks. In addition, high dietary cholesterol promoted xanthoma formation on the napex. Microscopic examination showed that foam cells laden with cholesterol deposits accumulated around the dermal capillaries and cutaneous appendages within the skin of the napex.

Conclusion

These findings indicate a critical role for a high-cholesterol diet in the dysregulation of lipoprotein metabolism and the development of xanthoma in rabbits. The results suggest that abnormal lipid metabolism may increase the occurrence of xanthoma.